第8巻 第23章

Greek Τουτίλας δὲ πολλῷ πρότερον Γότθων στράτευμα ἐς Πικηνοὺς ἐτύγχανε πέμψας, ἐφ’ ᾧ δὴ τὸν Ἀγκῶνα ἐξελοῦσιν· οἷς δὴ ἄρχοντας τοὺς ἐν Γότθοις δοκιμωτάτους ἐπέστησε, Σκιποῦάρ τε καὶ Γίβαλ καὶ Γουνδούλφ, ὅσπερ Βελισαρίου δορυφόρος ἐγεγόνει ποτέ.

Dewing Long before this Totila had sent an army of Goths into Picenum, in order to capture Ancon; and he appointed as commanders over this army the most notable men among the Goths, Scipuar and Gibal and Gundulf, the last named having once been a guardsman of Belisarius.

Greek τινὲς δὲ αὐτὸν Ἰνδοὺλφ ἐκάλουν. οἷς δὴ καὶ πλοῖα μακρὰ ἑπτὰ καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἔδωκεν, ὅπως τὸ φρούριον κατὰ γῆν τε καὶ θάλασσαν πολιορκοῦντες ῥᾷόν τε καὶ ἀπονώτερον τὴν αὐτοῦ ἐπικράτειαν θήσονται.

Dewing And some called him Indulf.⁠ And he gave them also forty-seven ships of war, in order that, in besieging the fortress by land and sea, they might make the overmastery of it easier and less laborious.

Greek χρόνου δὲ ταύτῃ τῇ προσεδρείᾳ τριβέντος συχνοῦ, συνέβαινε τοὺς πολιορκουμένους τῇ τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἀπορίᾳ πιέζεσθαι.

Dewing And after this siege had been continued a long time it came about that the besieged were hard pressed by the scarcity of provisions.

Greek Ἅπερ ἐπεὶ Βαλεριανὸς ἔμαθεν, ἐπὶ Ῥαβέννης διατριβὴν ἔχων, ἀμύνειν τε κατὰ μόνας τοῖς ἐν τῷ Ἀγκῶνι Ῥωμαίοις οὐχ οἷός τε ὤν, πέμψας πρὸς Ἰωάννην τὸν Βιταλιανοῦ ἀδελφιδοῦν ἐπὶ Σαλώνων ὄντα ἔγραψε τάδε· “Μόνος ὁ Ἀγκὼν ἡμῖν τοῦ κόλπου ἐντὸς ἀπολέλειπται, ὡς αὐτὸς οἶσθα, εἴπερ ἔτι νῦν ἀπολέλειπται.

Dewing When this was learned by Valerian, who was waiting at Ravenna, being unable single-handed to succour the Romans in Ancon, he sent a messenger to John the nephew of Vitalian who was at Salones with the following letter. "Ancon is the only city left us to the south of the gulf, as you yourself know, if indeed it is now still left us.

Greek οὕτω γὰρ τοῖς ἐν τούτῳ Ῥωμαίοις πικρότατα πολιορκουμένοις τὰ πράγματα ἔχει ὥστε δέδοικα μὴ βοηθοῦντες ἔξωροι ὦμεν, ὀπίσω τοῦ καιροῦ τὴν σπουδὴν ἔχοντες, ἕωλόν τε τὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ προθυμίαν ποιούμενοι.

Dewing For such is the situation of the Romans who are being most closely besieged in this city, that I fear lest we be late with our assistance, shewing zeal after the critical time, and displaying our enthusiasm for it a day too late. But I shall cease.

Greek ἀλλὰ παύσομαι. ἡ γὰρ τῶν πολιορκουμένων ἀνάγκη μακροτέραν τὴν ἐπιστολὴν οὐκ ἐᾷ γίνεσθαι, τὸν χρόνον ἐφ’ ἑαυτὴν ἀκριβῶς σφίγγουσα καὶ ὁ κίνδυνος ὀξυτέραν τοῦ

Dewing For the constraint imposed upon the besieged does not permit my letter to be made longer, since it strictly appropriates the time to its own uses, while the danger demands assistance more swift than words."

Greek λόγου τὴν ἐπικουρίαν ζητῶν.” ταύτην Ἰωάννης ἀναλεξάμενος τὴν ἐπιστολήν, καίπερ αὐτῷ πρὸς βασιλέως ἀπορρηθέν, αὐτοκέλευστος ἐτόλμα ἰέναι, τῶν οἱ πρὸς αὐτοκράτορος ἐπηγγελμένων προὐργιαιτέραν τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς τύχης στενοχωρίαν πεποιημένος.

Dewing When John had read this letter, he dared, though it had been forbidden him by the emperor, to go on his own initiative, considering the straitened condition brought about by chance more weighty than the imperial commands.

Greek ἄνδρας τε ἀπολεξάμενος οὓς μάλιστα πάντων ἀγαθοὺς τὰ πολέμια ᾤετο εἶναι, καὶ αὐτῶν ὀκτὼ καὶ τριάκοντα πλοῖα μακρὰ ἐμπλησάμενος πλέοντά τε ὡς τάχιστα καὶ πρὸς πόλεμον τὸν ἐν θαλάσσῃ ὡς ἄριστα πεποιημένα, ἔνιά τε αὐτοῖς τῶν ἐπιτηδείων ἐνθέμενος, ἄρας ἐκ Σαλώνων τῷ Σκάρδωνι προσέσχεν. οὗ δὴ καὶ Βαλεριανὸς ξὺν ναυσὶ δώδεκα οὐκ ἐς μακρὰν ἦλθεν.

Dewing So selecting men whom he considered the most able fighters of all, and manning thirty-eight ships of war with them — boats of great swiftness and built with all possible care for warfare on the sea — and putting a few of his provisions aboard, he set sail from Salones and put in at Scardon.⁠ And Valerian also came thither not long afterwards with twelve ships.

Greek Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀλλήλοις ξυνέμιξαν, κοινολογησάμενοί τε καὶ τὰ σφίσι ξύμφορα δόξαντα εἶναι βεβουλευμένοι, ἐνθένδε μὲν ἀποπλέουσιν, ἐς δὲ ἤπειρον τὴν ἀντιπέρας κατάραντες ἐς χωρίον ὁρμίζονται ὃ δὴ Σενογαλλίαν Ῥωμαῖοι καλοῦσι,

Dewing After joining forces they conferred with each other and considered the plans which seemed to promise them the greatest advantage; then they set sail from there and upon reaching the opposite mainland anchored at a place which the Romans call Senogallia,⁠ not far away from Ancon.

Greek τοῦ Ἀγκῶνος οὐ πολλῷ ἄποθεν. ὅπερ ἐπεὶ οἱ Γότθων στρατηγοὶ ἔμαθον, πλοῖα μακρὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ τὰ σφίσι παρόντα, ἑπτὰ καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ὄντα, Γότθων τῶν λογίμων αὐτίκα ἐπλήρουν.

Dewing When the Gothic generals learned this, they too immediately manned with the notable Goths the ships of war which they had with them, forty-seven in number,

Greek τὸ δὲ ἄλλο στράτευμα ἐπὶ τῇ προσεδρείᾳ τοῦ φρουρίου ἀπολιπόντες εὐθὺ τῶν πολεμίων ἐχώρουν.

Dewing and leaving the rest of the army engaged in the siege of the fortress they advanced straight against their enemy.

Greek ἡγεῖτο δὲ τῶν μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ πολιορκίᾳ μεμενηκότων ὁ Σκιποῦαρ, τῶν δὲ δὴ ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶν ὄντων Γίβαλ τε καὶ Γουνδούλφ.

Dewing Now Scipuar, on the one hand, commanded those who remained to carry on the siege, and Gibal and Gundulf commanded the men on the ships.

Greek ἐπειδή τε ἄγχιστα ἀλλήλων ἐγένοντο, τάς τε ναῦς ἑκάτεροι ἀνεκώχευον καὶ ξυναγαγόντες αὐτὰς ἐς ὀλίγον παραίνεσιν ἐς τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐποιοῦντό τινα.

Dewing And when the two forces came near each other, both commanders stopped their ships and drew them close together and made an exhortation to the soldiers.

Greek Πρῶτοί τε Ἰωάννης καὶ Βαλεριανὸς ἔλεξαν τοιάδε· “Μηδεὶς ὑμῶν, ὦ ξυστρατιῶται, ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἀγκῶνος μόνου τούτου καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῷ πολιορκουμένων Ῥωμαίων ἀγωνιεῖσθαι τανῦν οἰέσθω, μηδὲ ἄχρι τοῦδε ἀποκριθήσεσθαι ἡμῖν τὴν ξυμβολὴν τήνδε, ἀλλὰ ξύμπαν, ὡς συνελόντας εἰπεῖν, τὸ τοῦ πολέμου κεφάλαιον ἐνταῦθα ἑστάναι, ἔνθα τε ἂν ἀποκλῖναι ξυμβαίη τὴν μάχην, συγκληροῦσθαι αὐτῇ καὶ τῆς τύχης τὸ πέρας.

Dewing And John and Valerian spoke first as follows. "Let not one of you, fellow-soldiers, think that on the present occasion you are to struggle in behalf of this city of Ancon alone and the Romans besieged in it, nor that the result of this struggle will affect that matter only, but you must consider that the main issue of the whole war, to speak comprehensively, is here involved, and to whichever side the battle inclines, there will be bestowed also the final decision of fortune.

Greek οὑτωσὶ γὰρ περὶ τῶν παρόντων σκοπεῖσθε· πολλή τις ἐπὶ ταῖς δαπάναις ἀπόκειται τοῦ πολέμου ῥοπή, τούς τε τῶν ἐπιτηδείων σπανίζοντας ἡττᾶσθαι τῶν πολεμίων ἐπάναγκες.

Dewing For you should regard the present situation thus: War depends for its decision in large measure upon the commissary, and those in want of supplies are inevitably bound to be defeated by their enemy.

Greek λιμῷ γὰρ οὐκ οἶδεν ἡ ἀρετὴ ξυνοικίζεσθαι, πεινῆν τε καὶ ἀνδραγαθίζεσθαι οὐκ ἀνεχομένης τῆς φύσεως.

Dewing For valour cannot dwell together with hunger, since nature will not permit a man to be starving and to be brave at the same time.

Greek τούτων δὲ τοιούτων ὄντων ἄλλο μὲν οὐδὲν ὀχύρωμα ἡμῖν ἐκ τοῦ Δρυοῦντος ἐς Ῥάβενναν ἀπολέλειπται, ὅπη ἂν τὰ ἐδώδιμα ἡμῖν τε καὶ ἵπποις τοῖς ἡμετέροις ἀποκεῖσθαι δεήσει, οὕτω τε οἱ πολέμιοι κρατοῦσι τῆς χώρας ὥστε φίλιον οὐδὲν μεμένηκεν ἡμῖν ἐνταῦθα χωρίον, ὅθεν ἂν καὶ κατὰ βραχὺ τῶν τι ἐπιτηδείων ἐκπορίζεσθαι χρή.

Dewing This being the case, we have no other stronghold left us from Dryus to Ravenna, where we can deposit the food supplies for ourselves and our horses, and the enemy are so thoroughly masters of the land that not a single town remains there friendly to us, from which we could even in small measure provide ourselves with supplies.

Greek ἐς δὲ τὸν Ἀγκῶνα ἡμῖν ἡ προσδοκία μεμένηκε πᾶσα τοῦ καὶ τοῖς ἐξ ἠπείρου τῆς ἀντιπέρας καταίρουσιν ἐνταῦθα προσχεῖν δυνατοῖς εἶναι καὶ ἀσφάλειαν ἔχειν.

Dewing And it is on Ancon alone that our whole expectation is based that the army sailing in from the opposite mainland can land here and be in safety.

Greek οὐκοῦν εὐημερήσαντες ἐν τῇ ξυμβολῇ τήμερον καὶ βασιλεῖ τὸν Ἀγκῶνα, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, κρατυνάμενοι τάχα ἂν καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τοῦ πρὸς Γότθους πολέμου ἐν ἐλπίσιν ἀγαθαῖς τὸ λοιπὸν ἕξομεν.

Dewing Consequently, if we fare well in to‑day's encounter, and secure Ancon, as is probable, for the emperor, we shall perhaps be in a position henceforth to hope that what remains of the Gothic war will likewise go well for us.

Greek σφαλέντες δὲ ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ μάχῃ, ἄλλο μέντοι πικρὸν οὐκ ἂν εἴποιμεν, ἀλλὰ δοίη τὴν Ἰταλίας ἐπικράτησιν ὁ θεὸς Ῥωμαίοις διηνεκῆ εἶναι. κἀκεῖνο δὲ λογίζεσθαι ἡμῖν ἄξιον, ὡς κακοῖς ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ γινομένοις ἡμῖν οὐδὲ ἀποφεύγειν ἐξόν.

Dewing If, however, we fail in this battle, — but of further calamity we would not speak, only may God grant to the Romans the lasting mastery of Italy. And this too is worthy of our consideration, that, if we shew ourselves cowards in the struggle, even flight will be impossible.

Greek οὔτε γὰρ τὴν γῆν ἕξετε πρὸς τῶν ἐναντίων κατειλημμένην οὔτε τὴν θάλασσαν πλώϊμον, οὕτω θαλασσοκρατούντων τῶν πολεμίων, ἀλλὰ περιέστηκεν ἡμῖν ἡ τῆς σωτηρίας ἐλπὶς ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν οὖσα καὶ ξυμμεταβαλλομένη τοῖς κατὰ τὴν ἀγώνισιν ἔργοις.

Dewing For neither will you have the land, seeing it is held fast by our opponents, nor will you be able to sail the sea, since the enemy control it as they do; but it has come to this — that our hope of safety lies in our own strength alone and will shape itself in accordance with our performance during the combat.

Greek ἀνδραγαθίζεσθε τοίνυν ὅση δύναμις, τοῦτο ἐκεῖνο ἐκλογιζόμενοι, ὡς ἡσσηθέντες μὲν ἐν τῷ παρόντι τὴν ὑστάτην ἧτταν κληρώσεσθε, νενικηκότες δὲ μετὰ τῶν ἄγαν εὐδαιμόνων ξὺν τῇ εὐκλείᾳ τετάξεσθε.”

Dewing Be valiant, then, as far as in you lies, laying to heart this one thought, that if, on the one hand, you are defeated on the present occasion, you will suffer your last defeat, but if, on the other hand, you are victorious, you will not only win glory but will also be ranked with the very fortunate."

Greek Ἰωάννης μὲν καὶ Βαλεριανὸς τοσαῦτα εἶπον. καὶ οἱ Γότθων δὲ ἄρχοντες τοιάνδε τὴν παράκλησιν ἐποιήσαντο· “Ἐπειδὴ πάσης ἀπεληλαμένοι τῆς Ἰταλίας καὶ πολύν τινα χρόνον οὐκ ἴσμεν ἐν ὁποίοις ποτὲ μυχοῖς οἵδε οἱ κατάρατοι τῆς γῆς ἢ τῆς θαλάσσης διαλαθόντες τανῦν ἡμῖν τετολμήκασιν ἐς χεῖρας ἰέναι, καὶ ὡς ἀναμαχούμενοι ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ἥκουσιν, ἐπάναγκες αὐτοῖς τὸ ἐκ τῆς ἀβουλίας ἐγγενόμενον θράσος ἀναχαιτίζειν προθυμίᾳ τῇ πάσῃ, ὡς μὴ ἐνδιδόντων ἡμῶν τὰ τῆς ἀπονοίας αὐτοῖς ἐς μέγα χωροίη.

Dewing Thus spoke John and Valerian. And the commanders of the Goths made the following exhortation. "Since these accursed rascals, after being driven away from all Italy and hiding for a long time in we know not what corners of the earth or the sea, have now had the hardihood to engage with us and have come against us with the purpose of renewing the fight, it is necessary to check⁠ with full determination the daring which their folly has engendered in them, so that it may not happen by reason of our giving way that the result of their madness grows to something great.

Greek ἀμαθία γὰρ οὐ κατ’ ἀρχὰς ἀναστελλομένη ἀναβαίνει μὲν ἐπ’ ἄπειρον τόλμαν, ἐς ἀνηκέστους δὲ τῶν παραπιπτόντων τελευτᾷ συμφοράς.

Dewing For foolishness which is not checked in the beginning does mount up to boundless daring, but ends in irreparable calamity to those concerned.

Greek δείξατε τοίνυν αὐτοῖς ὅτι τάχιστα ὡς Γραικοί τέ εἰσι καὶ ἄνανδροι φύσει καὶ ἡσσημένοι θρασύνονται, μηδὲ συγχωρήσητε τὴν διάπειραν αὐτοῖς πρόσω ἰέναι.

Dewing Shew them, therefore, as quickly as possible that they are Greeklings and unmanly by nature and are merely putting on a bold front when defeated, and do not consent that this experiment of theirs proceed further.

Greek ἀνανδρία γὰρ καταφρονηθεῖσα ἐπὶ παρρησίαν ἐξάγεται μείζω,

Dewing For cowardice, when merely despised, proceeds to flaunt itself still more, because rashness just by continuing comes to be devoid of fear.

Greek ἐπεὶ τῷ προϊέναι τὸ θάρσος ἄοκνον γίνεται. ἐπὶ πολὺ δὲ ἀνθέξειν αὐτοὺς ἀνδραγαθιζομένοις ὑμῖν μηδαμῶς οἴεσθε. φρόνημα γὰρ τῇ δυνάμει τῶν αὐτῷ χρωμένων μὴ συμμετρούμενον πρὸ μὲν τοῦ ἔργου ἐπαιρόμενον ἐν ἀκμῇ φαινεται, ἀρξαμένης δὲ τῆς ξυμβολῆς καταρρεῖν εἴωθεν.

Dewing And do not by any means suppose that they will resist you long if you play the part of brave men. For when a lofty spirit is not matched by a commensurate power on the part of those who indulge in it, though before the event it may appear exalted to the highest pitch, yet when the combat begins, it is wont to ebb away.

Greek ὅτε τοίνυν ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει, ἀναμνήσθητε μὲν ὅντινα τρόπον οἱ πολέμιοι πολλάκις ἀποπειρασάμενοι τῆς ἀρετῆς τῆς ὑμετέρας ἀπήλλαξαν, ἐκλογίζεσθε δὲ ὡς οὐκ ἀμείνους ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου γεγενημένοι ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς ὥρμηνται, ἀλλὰ τὰ παραπλήσια τοῖς προλαβοῦσι τετολμηκότες, τὴν ὁμοίαν καὶ νῦν κληρώσονται τύχην.”

Dewing Seeing then that this is true, call to mind in what manner the enemy have fared on many occasions when they have made trial of your valour, and consider that in coming against you they have not become better men on the spur of the moment, but shewing merely a degree of daring similar to that on previous occasions, they will now also achieve the same fortune."

Greek Τοσαῦτα καὶ οἱ τῶν Γότθων ἄρχοντες παρακελευσάμενοι καὶ τοῖς πολεμίοις ὑπαντιάσαντες μελλήσει οὐδεμιᾷ ἐς χεῖρας ἦλθον. ἦν τε ἡ ναυμαχία ἐσάγαν ἰσχυρά, πεζομαχίᾳ ἐμφερὴς οὖσα.

Dewing After the Gothic commanders had made this exhortation, they confronted the enemy and without delay came to close quarters with them. And the fighting was exceedingly fierce and resembled a battle on land.

Greek τάς τε γὰρ ναῦς μετωπηδὸν ἀντιπρώρους ταῖς τῶν ἐναντίων ἑκάτεροι στήσαντες τὰ τοξεύματα ἐς ἀλλήλους ἀφίεσαν, καὶ αὐτῶν ὅσοι ἀρετῆς τι μετεποιοῦντο, ἄγχιστά πη ἀλλήλων γινόμενοι ἐν χρῷ τε ξυνιόντες ἀπὸ τῶν καταστρωμάτων ξυνέμισγον, ξίφεσί τε καὶ δόρασιν, ὥσπερ ἐν πεδίῳ, μαχόμενοι.

Dewing For both sides set their ships head on with the bows against those of their opponents and discharged their arrows against each other, and all those who laid some claim to valour brought their ships close enough to touch one another and then engaged from the decks, fighting with sword and spear just as if on a plain.

Greek καὶ τὰ μὲν προοίμια τοῦ ἀγῶνος τοῦδε τοιαῦτα ἐγεγόνει. Ὕστερον δὲ οἱ βάρβαροι ἀπειρίᾳ τοῦ ναυμαχεῖν ξὺν πολλῇ ἀταξίᾳ τὴν ξυμβολὴν τήνδε διέφερον· οἱ μὲν γὰρ αὐτῶν οὕτως ἀπ’ ἀλλήλων διίσταντο ὥστε διδόναι τοῖς πολεμίοις αὐτοὺς κατὰ μόνας ἐμβάλλειν, οἱ δὲ συχνοὶ ἐς ταὐτὸ ξυνιόντες πρὸς ἀλλήλων ἀεὶ τῇ τῶν πλοίων στενοχωρία ξυνεποδίζοντο.

Dewing Such was the opening stage of this encounter. But after this the barbarians, through lack of experience in sea‑fighting, began to carry on the combat with great disorder; for some of them became so far separated from one another that they gave their enemy opportunity to ram them singly, while others drew together in large groups and were constantly hindered by one another because of the crowding of the boats.

Greek εἴκασεν ἄν τις φορμηδὸν αὐτοῖς τὰ τῶν πλοίων ἰκρία ξυγκεῖσθαι. καὶ οὐδὲ τοξεύειν ἐς τῶν ἐναντίων τοὺς διεστῶτας ἠδύναντο, ὅτι μὴ ὀψέ τε καὶ μόλις, οὐδὲ ξίφεσιν ἢ δόρασι χρῆσθαι, ἡνίκα ἂν σφίσιν ἐγκειμένους αὐτοὺς ἴδοιεν, ἀλλὰ κραυγῇ τε καὶ ὠθισμῷ ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς διηνεκῶς εἴχοντο, ξυγκρούοντές τε ἀεὶ ἐς ἀλλήλους καὶ τοῖς κοντοῖς αὖθις διωθούμενοι οὐδενὶ κόσμῳ, καὶ πὴ μὲν συμφύροντες τῇ στενοχωρίᾳ τὸ μέτωπον, πὴ δὲ ἀποφοιτῶντες πολλῷ ἄποθεν ἐπὶ πονηρῷ τῶν σφετέρων ἑκάτεροι.

Dewing One would have thought that the decks of their boats were built together like a mat. And neither could they shoot their bows against those of their opponents who were at a distance except late and with difficulty, nor could they use sword or spear whenever they saw them bearing down upon them; but their attention was constantly engrossed by the shouting and crowding among themselves, as they continually collided with each other and then pushed off again with their poles in a disorderly manner, sometimes pushing their prows into the crowded space, and sometimes backing off to a great distance, thus making trouble for their own side in either case.

Greek τάς τε παρακελεύσεις αὐτῶν ἕκαστος ἐς τοὺς ἄγχιστα ὄντας ξὺν ὀλολυγῇ πολλῇ ἐποιοῦντο, οὐκ ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, ἀλλ’ ὅπως τὰς διαστάσεις αὐτοὶ ἀπ’ ἀλλήλων ἐργάζωνται.

Dewing And each crew kept shouting orders and howling wildly to those nearest them, not to urge them against the enemy, but in order that their own ships might get the proper intervals from each other.

Greek ἠσχολημένοι τε τῇ ἐς ἀλλήλους ἀμηχανίᾳ τῆς κατὰ σφῶν νίκης αἰτιώτατοι τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐγίνοντο. Οἱ δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι ἀνδρείως μὲν τὰ ἐς τὴν ξυμβολήν, ἐμπείρως δὲ τὰ ἐς τὴν ναυμαχίαν διαχειρίζοντες, τά τε πλοῖα μετωπηδὸν στήσαντες, καὶ οὔτε κατὰ πολὺ διεστῶτες ἀλλήλων οὔτε μὴν ἄγχιστα ξυνιόντες περαιτέρω τῆς χρείας, ἀλλὰ συμμέτρους ἀεὶ τάς τε ξυνόδους καὶ διαστάσεις ποιούμενοι, ἢν μὲν ναῦν πολεμίαν ἀποσκεδαννυμένην τῶν ἄλλων θεῷντο, κατέδυον ἐμβάλλοντες οὐδενὶ πόνῳ, εἰ δέ που ξύγχυσιν ἐς τῶν πολεμίων τινὰς ἴδοιεν, ἐνταῦθα τά τε τοξεύματα συχνὰ ἔπεμπον καὶ ἡνίκα σφίσιν ἐπιπέσοιεν, ἀτάκτοις οὖσι καὶ συντριβέσι γεγενημένοις τῷ τῆς ἀταξίας καμάτῳ,

Dewing And being thus preoccupied by their difficulty with each other, they themselves became the chief cause of victory for their enemy. The Romans, on the other hand, handled the fighting manfully and their ships with skill, putting their boats head on and neither separating far from one another nor crowding together closer than was necessary, but always keeping their movements toward or from each other properly co‑ordinated; and whenever they observed an enemy ship separated from the rest, they rammed and sunk it with no difficulty, and whenever they saw some of the enemy in a confused mass, there they directed showers of arrows, and, as soon as they fell upon them when in disorder and utterly exhausted by the labour which their confusion entailed, they would destroy them out of hand.

Greek ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτοὺς διεχρῶντο. ἀπειρηκότες οὖν οἱ βάρβαροι πρός τε τὰ τῆς τύχης ἐναντιώματα καὶ τὰς κατὰ τὴν μάχην ἁμαρτάδας ξυμπεπτωκυίας, οὐκ εἶχον καθ’ ὅ τι μαχέσονται, οὐδὲ ναυμαχοῦντες, οὐ μέντοι οὐδὲ καθάπερ ἐν πεζομαχίᾳ ἐπὶ τῶν καταστρωμάτων ἑστῶτες, ἀλλὰ ῥίψαντες τὴν ἀγώνισιν ἐπικινδύνως ἠτρέμιζον, ἐπὶ τῇ τύχῃ καταλιπόντες.

Dewing So the barbarians giving up the struggle against the adversities of fortune and the errors which they had made during the battle, knew not how they should continue to fight, for they neither continued the sea‑fight nor yet stood upon their decks as in a land battle, but abandoning the struggle they came to a perilous pause, having now left all to chance.

Greek διὸ δὴ ἐς ὑπαγωγὴν οἱ Γότθοι αἰσχρὰν ξὺν πολλῇ ἀκοσμίᾳ ἐτράποντο, καὶ οὔτε ἀλκῆς οὔτε φυγῆς τινὸς εὐπρεποῦς οὔτε του ἄλλου ἐς σωτηρίαν αὐτοὺς ἄγοντος ἐμέμνηντο ἔτι, ἀλλὰ μεταξὺ πλοίων τῶν πολεμίων ὡς τὰ πολλὰ σκεδαννύμενοι διηποροῦντο.

Dewing Consequently the Goths in great disorder turned to a disgraceful retreat, and they no longer thought of valour or of orderly flight nor of anything else which would insure their safety, but scattered as they were for the most part among their enemy's ships, they were completely helpless.

Greek καὶ αὐτῶν τινὲς ναυσὶν ἕνδεκα διέφυγον καὶ λαθόντες ἐσώθησαν, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἅπαντες ὑπὸ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐγένοντο.

Dewing And some of them fled unobserved with eleven ships and were saved, but all the rest to a man fell into the hands of their enemy.

Greek ὧν δὴ πολλοὺς μὲν αὐτοχειρὶ Ῥωμαῖοι διέφθειρον, πολλοὺς δὲ αὐταῖς ναυσὶ καταδύοντες ἔκτεινον· τῶν δὲ στρατηγῶν Γουνδοὺλφ μὲν ξὺν ταῖς ἕνδεκα ναυσὶ λαθὼν ἔφυγε, τὸν δὲ δὴ ἕτερον ἐζώγρησαν Ῥωμαῖοι.

Dewing Many of these the Romans slew with their own hands, and many others they destroyed by sinking them with their ships; and of the generals Gundulf escaped unobserved with the eleven ships, but the other was captured by the Romans.

Greek Καὶ ἔπειτα οἱ ἐν ταῖς ἕνδεκα ναυσὶν ἐς τὴν γῆν ἀποβάντες τὰ μὲν πλοῖα εὐθὺς ἔκαυσαν, ὡς μὴ ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων ταῖς χερσὶ γένωνται, αὐτοὶ δὲ πεζῇ ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον ἐκομίσθησαν ὃ τοὺς ἐν Ἀγκῶνι ἐπολιόρκουν.

Dewing After this the men on the eleven ships disembarked on the land and immediately set the ships on fire so that they might not fall into the hands of their enemy, while they themselves proceeded on foot to the army which was besieging the city of Ancon.

Greek φράσαντές τε αὐτοῖς τὰ ξυμπεσόντα εὐθυωρὸν ξὺν αὐτοῖς τὴν ἀναχώρησιν ἐποιήσαντο, τὸ στρατόπεδον τοῖς πολεμίοις ἀπολιπόντες, καὶ δρόμῳ τε καὶ θορύβῳ πολλῷ ἐς Αὔξιμον πόλιν ἐγγύς πη οὖσαν ἀνέδραμον.

Dewing And after they had announced to them what had taken place, they all made a hasty retreat together, abandoning their camp to the enemy, and ran as hard as they could and in great confusion up to the neighbouring city of Auximus.

Greek Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ ἀφικόμενοι ἐς τὸν Ἀγκῶνα οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον τό τε στρατόπεδον τῶν πολεμίων ἀνδρῶν ἔρημον αἱροῦσι καὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῖς ἐν τῷ φρουρίῳ ἐσκομίσαντες ἀπέπλευσαν ἐνθένδε.

Dewing And the Romans, coming to Ancon not long afterwards, captured the enemy's camp without a man in it and then, after carrying in provisions for those in the fortress, sailed away from there.

Greek καὶ Βαλεριανὸς μὲν ἐπὶ Ῥαβέννης ἐχώρησεν, Ἰωάννης δὲ ἐς Σάλωνας ἀνέστρεψεν. αὕτη διαφερόντως ἡ μάχη τό τε φρόνημα καὶ τὴν δύναμιν Τουτίλα καὶ Γότθων κατέλυσεν.

Dewing And Valerian, for his part, proceeded to Ravenna, while John returned to Salones. This engagement especially broke the spirit and weakened the power of Totila and the Goths. The Loeb Editor's Notes: 1 Cf. Book VII.xxxv.23 ff. ❦ 2 Modern Scardona. ❦ 3 Sena Gallica, modern Sinigaglia. Thayer's Note: Now Senigallia. ❦ 4 Lit. "pull back by the hair." ◂ previous next ▸ Images with borders lead to more information. The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.) UP TO: Wars Ancient Military History Military History Home Procopius Greek & Latin Texts LacusCurtius A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer. See my copyright page for details and contact information. Page updated: 14 Sep 20 Accessibility