第8巻 第15章

Greek Ἐν δὲ Βυζαντίῳ ὁ Χοσρόου πρεσβευτὴς Ἰσδιγούσνας ἀμφὶ τῇ εἰρήνῃ ἐς λόγους Ἰουστινιανῷ βασιλεῖ ξυνιὼν πολύ τι χρόνου κατέτριψε μῆκος.

Dewing In Byzantium, meanwhile, Chosroes' envoy Isdigousnas, in conferring with the Emperor Justinian regarding the peace, wasted a vast amount of time.

Greek πολλά τε διαφιλονεικήσαντες ἐν ὑστάτῳ ξυνέβησαν, ἐφ’ ᾧ πενταετῆ μὲν τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν ἐν τῇ ἑκατέρου βασιλέως ἐπικρατείᾳ εἶναι, φοιτῶντας δὲ παρ’ ἀλλήλους ἑκατέρωθεν καὶ ἀδεῶς ἐπικηρυκευομένους ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ τά τε ἀμφὶ Λαζικῇ καὶ Σαρακηνοῖς διάφορα διοικήσασθαι.

Dewing And it was only after long-continued debates that they finally reached an agreement that for five years the truce should be observed in the realms of both sovereigns, while envoys passed back and forth from each country to the other, fearlessly carrying on negotiations for peace during this period until they should settle the points of disagreement regarding both Lazica and the Saracens.

Greek ξυνέκειτο δὲ Πέρσας πρὸς Ῥωμαίων λαβεῖν ὑπὲρ μὲν τῆς ἐκεχειρίας τῶν πέντε τούτων ἐνιαυτῶν κεντηνάρια χρυσοῦ εἴκοσιν, ὑπὲρ δὲ μηνῶν ὀκτωκαίδεκα, οὓς δὴ μετὰ τὴν προτέραν ἐκεχειρίαν ἐς ταύτην διαδραμεῖν μεταξὺ ἔτυχεν, ἕως ἑκάτεροι παρ’ ἀλλήλους ἐπρέσβευον, ἕτερα κεντηνάρια ἕξ.

Dewing It was further agreed that the Persians receive from the Romans for this five-year truce twenty centenaria⁠ of gold, and for eighteen months which had elapsed between the expiration of the former truce and the time when they had commenced negotiations with each other in the present case, six centenaria more.

Greek ἐπὶ τούτῳ γὰρ ἔφασκον Πέρσαι καὶ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τῶν σπονδῶν λόγους ξυγκεχωρηκέναι γενέσθαι.

Dewing For the Persians declared that only on this understanding had they permitted negotiations for the treaty to proceed.

Greek ταῦτα δὲ τὰ εἴκοσι κεντηνάρια Ἰσδιγούσνας μὲν αὐτόθεν ἠξίου κομίζεσθαι, βασιλεὺς δὲ ἤθελεν ἐς ἕκαστον ἔτος τέτταρα δοῦναι, τούτου δὴ ἕνεκα, τοῦ μὴ παραβῆναι τὰς ξυνθήκας Χοσρόην ἐνέχυρον ἔχειν.

Dewing Isdigousnas further demanded that he should receive these twenty centenaria on the spot, but the emperor wished to give four each year, his purpose, of course, being that he might have surety that Chosroes would not violate the agreement.

Greek ὕστερον μέντοι τὸ ξυγκείμενον ἅπαν χρυσίον Ῥωμαῖοι Πέρσαις εὐθὺς ἔδοσαν, τοῦ μὴ δοκεῖν δασμοὺς ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος αὐτοῖς ἀποφέρειν.

Dewing Later, however, the Romans gave the Persians outright the entire amount of gold agreed upon, in order not to appear to be paying them tribute each year.

Greek τὰ γὰρ αἰσχρὰ ὀνόματα, οὐ τὰ πράγματα, εἰώθασιν ἄνθρωποι ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον αἰσχύνεσθαι.

Dewing For it is the disgraceful name, and not the fact, which men are wont as a general thing to be ashamed of.

Greek Ἦν δέ τις ἐν Πέρσαις Βερσαβοῦς ὄνομα, λόγιμός τε διαφερόντως καὶ Χοσρόῃ βασιλεῖ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα φίλος.

Dewing Now there was a certain man among the Persians named Bersabus, a person of especial note and a very close friend of King Chosroes.

Greek ὅνπερ ποτὲ Βαλεριανὸς ἐν Ἀρμενίοις παραπεπτωκότα ἐν ξυμβολῇ δορυάλωτον εἷλεν, ἔς τε Βυζάντιον αὐτίκα βασιλεῖ ἔπεμψε.

Dewing Valerian had once happened upon this man in a battle in Armenia, and he took him prisoner and immediately sent him to the emperor at Byzantium.

Greek καὶ αὐτῷ χρόνος πολὺς φυλασσομένῳ ἐνταῦθα ἐτρίβη. βουλομένῳ τε ἦν τῷ Χοσρόῃ χρημάτων ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ προΐεσθαι πλῆθος, ὅπως τὸν Βερσαβοῦν ἐπανήκοντα ἴδῃ ἐς τὰ Περσῶν ἤθη.

Dewing And a long time passed while he was being kept under guard there. Now Chosroes was willing to advance a great amount of money for him, in order that he might see Bersabus returned to the land of Persia.

Greek ἀλλὰ νῦν ἐξαιτησαμένου αὐτὸν Ἰσδιγούσνα Ἰουστινιανὸς βασιλεὺς τὸν ἄνδρα ἀφῆκεν· ἐπηγγέλλετο γὰρ βασιλεῖ ὁ πρεσβευτὴς οὗτος ἀναπείσειν Χοσρόην ἐκ τῆς Λαζικῆς ἀναστῆσαι τὸ Περσῶν στράτευμα.

Dewing But on the present occasion the Emperor Justinian released the man at the request of Isdigousnas; for this ambassador promised the emperor to persuade Chosroes to remove the Persian army from Lazica.

Greek ἐγένετο δὲ ἡ ἐκεχειρία ἥδε Ῥωμαίοις τε καὶ Πέρσαις, πέμπτον τε καὶ εἰκοστὸν ἐνιαυτὸν Ἰουστινιανοῦ βασιλέως τὴν αὐτοκράτορα ἀρχὴν ἔχοντος.

Dewing Thus this armistice was arranged by the Romans and Persians in the twenty-fifth year of the reign of the Emperor Justinian.

Greek ταύταις δὲ ταῖς σπονδαῖς Ῥωμαίων οἱ πλεῖστοι ἐπιεικῶς ἤχθοντο. καὶ εἰ μὲν δικαίαν τινὰ ἢ ἀλόγιστον ἐποιοῦντο τὴν μέμψιν, οἷά γε τὰ τῶν ἀρχομένων, οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν.

Dewing Now the majority of the Romans were thoroughly displeased with this treaty; but whether the reproach they made was in some measure justified or as unreasonable as the complaints of subjects commonly are, I am unable to say.

Greek Ἔλεγον δὲ ὅτι δὴ Λαζικῆς βεβαιότατα πρὸς Περσῶν ἀρχομένης αἱ ξυνθῆκαι αὗται γεγόνασιν, ὡς μή τις πενταετὲς αὐτοὺς ἐνοχλήσῃ, ἀλλ’ ἀδεέστερόν τε καὶ ἀπονώτερον γῆς τῆς Κολχίδος τὰ κάλλιστα πάντα τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ἐνοικεῖν δύνωνται.

Dewing These objectors kept saying that this peace had been made while Lazica was most firmly in the power of the Persians, whose purpose was that for five years no one might molest them, but that during this time they might be able without fear or hardship to occupy all the fairest parts of the land of Colchis;

Greek ὅθεν αὐτοὺς τὸ λοιπὸν ἐξελάσαι οὐδεμιᾷ Ῥωμαῖοι ἐς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα μηχανῇ ἕξουσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ Βυζάντιον ἐνθένδε Πέρσαις εὐέφοδον τὸ λοιπὸν ἔσται. ταῦτα οὖν ἀποσκοποῦντες οἱ πολλοὶ ἤσχαλλον καὶ δυσφορούμενοι διηποροῦντο·

Dewing and the Romans thereafter would be utterly unable to dislodge them from there in all time, but thenceforth Byzantium itself would be easily accessible to the Persians from that point. Such was the general view, and the people were consequently vexed and irritated and utterly pessimistic.

Greek καὶ ὅτι Πέρσαι τὸ ἐκ παλαιοῦ μὲν σφίσιν ἐν σπουδῇ γεγονός, δόξαν δὲ οὔτε πολέμῳ κρατήσειν οὔτε τῳ ἄλλῳ τρόπῳ δυνατὸν ἔσεσθαι, λέγω δέ, ὅπως ἐς δασμοῦ ἀπαγωγὴν ὑπόφοροι αὐτῶν Ῥωμαῖοι ἔσονται, ἰσχυρότατα ἐν τῷ παρόντι τῷ τῆς ἐκεχειρίας ὀνόματι ἐκρατύναντο.

Dewing They were also moved by the fact that the very thing which the Persians had been striving for from ancient times, but which had seemed impossible of achievement either by war or by any other means, — that is to say, having the Romans subject to the payment of tribute to them — this had been most firmly achieved at the present juncture in the name of an armistice.

Greek τάξας γὰρ ὁ Χοσρόης Ῥωμαίοις κεντηναρίων ἐπέτειον τεσσάρων δασμόν, οὗπερ γλιχόμενος τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς διαφανὴς ἦν, ἐς ἕνδεκα ἔτη τανῦν καὶ μῆνας ἓξ εὐπρεπεῖ λόγῳ ἓξ καὶ τεσσαράκοντα κεντηνάρια τῇ τῆς ἐκεχειρίας κεκόμισται σκήψει, ὄνομα τῷ δασμῷ τὰς σπονδὰς θέμενος, καίπερ ἐπὶ Λαζικῆς μεταξὺ βιαζόμενός τε καὶ πολεμῶν, ᾗπερ ἐρρήθη.

Dewing For Chosroes, by imposing upon the Romans an annual tribute of four centenaria, the very thing he had clearly been bent upon having from the first, has up to the present time in a space of eleven years and six months speciously gathered in forty‑six centenaria on the pretext of the armistice, giving to the tribute the name of treaty, although in the meantime he has, as stated, been carrying on a campaign of violence and war in Lazica.

Greek ὧνπερ Ῥωμαῖοι σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ῥύσασθαι ἐς τὸν ἔπειτα χρόνον ἐν ἐλπίδι τὸ λοιπὸν οὐδεμιᾷ εἶχον, ἀλλὰ φόρου ὑποτελεῖς Πέρσαις ᾔσθοντο οὐ κεκρυμμένως γεγενημένοι.

Dewing From this plight the Romans had not the least hope of rescuing themselves in the future, but they perceived that they had in no hidden sense become tributary to the Persians.

Greek ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ταύτῃ ἐπέπρακτο. Ἰσδιγούσνας δὲ χρήματά τε περιβαλόμενος ὅσα οὐδεὶς πρέσβεων πώποτε, καὶ πάντων, οἶμαι, πλουσιώτατος Περσῶν γεγονὼς ἐπ’ οἴκου ἀπεκομίσθη, ἐπεὶ αὐτὸν Ἰουστινιανὸς βασιλεὺς ἐτετιμήκει τε ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα καὶ χρήμασι μεγάλοις δωρησάμενος ἀπεπέμψατο.

Dewing Thus were these things done. But Isdigousnas, in possession of money such as no envoy ever carried, and having become, I suppose, the wealthiest of all the Persians, departed on the homeward way, for the Emperor Justinian had honoured him in a signal manner and presented him with huge sums of money before his dismissal.

Greek μόνος δὲ πρέσβεων ἁπάντων οὗτος ἐς πεῖραν φυλακῆς οὐδεμιᾶς ἦλθεν, ἀλλ’ αὐτός τε καὶ ὅσοι αὐτῷ βάρβαροι εἵποντο πολλοὶ ἐσάγαν ὄντες ἐν πολλῇ ἐξουσίᾳ ἐγένοντο ἐπὶ χρόνου μῆκος ἐντυγχάνειν τε καὶ ξυγγίνεσθαι οἷς ἂν βούλοιντο, καὶ τῆς πόλεως πανταχόσε περιπάτους ποιεῖσθαι, ὠνεῖσθαί τε καὶ ἀποδίδοσθαι ὅσα ἦν βουλομένοις σφίσι, καὶ ξυμβόλαια ποιεῖσθαι πάντα ἐργασίᾳ τε τῇ περὶ ταῦτα ἐνδιατρίβειν ξὺν πάσῃ ἀδείᾳ, καθάπερ ἐν πόλει αὐτῶν ἰδίᾳ, Ῥωμαίων αὐτοῖς οὐδενὸς ἑπομένου ἢ ξυνόντος ὅλως ἢ τηρεῖν ἀξιοῦντος, ᾗπερ εἰώθει.

Dewing And this man, unlike all other ambassadors, did not have the experience of being under guard in any sense, but both he himself and all who followed him — and they were an exceedingly numerous company — enjoyed complete freedom for a long period of time in meeting and associating with whom they wished, walking about in every part of the city, buying and selling whatever they pleased, and carrying on all manner of transactions and devoting themselves with complete unconcern to the business connected therewith, just as they would in a city of their own, with not a Roman following or accompanying them at all or deigning to watch them, as is customary.

Greek Ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ τετύχηκέ τι τῶν οὔπω πρότερον, ὅσα γε ἡμᾶς εἰδέναι, γεγονότων ξυνενεχθῆναι. τοῦ μὲν γὰρ ἔτους μετόπωρον ἦν, αὐχμὸς δὲ καὶ πνιγμὸς ὥσπερ θέρους μέσου ἐγένετο θαυμαστὸν ὅσον· ὥστε ἀμέλει ῥόδων μὲν πλῆθος ἅτε ἦρος ὄντος ἐφύη, τῶν εἰωθότων οὐδενὶ τὸ παράπαν διαλλασσόντων.

Dewing At this time an event occurred which has never happened before, as far at least as we know. For though the season of the year was late autumn, there was a very remarkable period of drought and hot weather as in the middle of summer, so that a great quantity of roses actually came out, as if it were spring, differing in no way at all from ordinary roses.

Greek καρποὺς δὲ τὰ δένδρα σχεδόν τι ἅπαντα νέους τινὰς αὖθις ἤνεγκε, κἀν ταῖς ἀμπέλοις οὐδέν τι ἧσσον ἐγένοντο βότρυες, καίπερ τοῦ τρυγήτου γεγενημένου ἡμέραις ἤδη οὐ πολλαῖς ἔμπροσθεν.

Dewing And practically all the trees brought forth new fruit again, while the clusters likewise appeared on the vines, although the vintage had already been gathered not many days before.

Greek οἷς δὴ οἱ ταῦτα δεινοὶ τεκμηριούμενοι προὔλεγον ἀπροσδόκητον μέγα τι ἔσεσθαι, οἱ μὲν ἀγαθόν, οἱ δὲ τοὐναντίον.

Dewing From these things those that are clever in such matters drew sundry conclusions, saying that some great and unexpected thing would take place, some that it would be good and others the opposite.

Greek ἐγὼ δὲ ταῦτα μὲν κατά τι ξυμβεβηκὸς γεγονέναι οἶμαι, νότων ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἀνέμων, ᾗπερ εἰώθει, ἐπιπεσόντων καὶ θέρμης ἐνθένδε παρὰ τὰ ξυνειθισμένα πολλῆς τε καὶ οὐ κατὰ φύσιν τῆς ὥρας ἐπιγενομένης τῇ χώρᾳ.

Dewing But I for my part think that this was the result of a sort of coincidence, the usual south winds having prevailed for a very long period, and great heat having consequently come upon the land beyond what is customary and not in keeping with the season.

Greek εἰ δέ τι, ὥσπερ οὗτοί φασι, καὶ σημαίνει παρὰ δόξαν ἐσόμενον, βεβαιότατα ἐκ τῶν ἀποβησομένων εἰσόμεθα.

Dewing But if it really does, as they say, indicate that some unexpected event will happen, we shall know most certainly from the future outcome.