第7巻 第33章

Greek Ὑπὸ δὲ τὸν χρόνον τοῦ πολέμου τόνδε κύριοι τῆς ἑσπερίας οἱ βάρβαροι διαρρήδην ἐγένοντο πάσης. τοῖς τε Ῥωμαίοις ὁ Γοτθικὸς πόλεμος, καίπερ τὰ πρῶτα κατὰ κράτος νενικηκόσιν, ὥσπερ μοι ἔμπροσθεν εἴρηται, ἐς τοῦτο ἀπεκρίθη, ὥστε οὐχ ὅσον σφίσι χρήματα καὶ σώματα ἐπ’ οὐδεμιᾷ ὀνήσει διεφθάρθαι πολλά, ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἰταλίαν προσαπολέσθαι, καὶ Ἰλλυριούς τε καὶ Θρᾷκας σχεδόν τι ξύμπαντας ἐπιδεῖν πρὸς τῶν βαρβάρων ἅτε ὁμόρων γεγενημένων δηιουμένους τε καὶ διαφθειρομένους οὐδενὶ κόσμῳ. ἐγένετο δὲ ὧδε.

Dewing At about this point in the war, the barbarians became unquestionably masters of the whole West. Thus, though the Romans had been at first decisively victorious in the Gothic war, as I have previously said, the final result for them was that not only had they consumed money and lives in prodigal fashion to no advantage, but they had also lost Italy besides, and had to look on while practically all the Illyrians and Thracians were being ravaged and destroyed in a pitiable manner by the barbarians, seeing they had now become their neighbours. And it came about as follows.

Greek Γαλλίας μὲν ὅλας τὰς σφίσι κατηκόους κατ’ ἀρχὰς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου Γερμανοῖς ἔδοσαν Γότθοι, οὐκ ἂν οἰόμενοι πρὸς ἑκατέρους ἀντιτάξασθαι οἷοί τε εἶναι, ὥσπερ μοι ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν λόγοις ἐρρήθη.

Dewing The Goths had at the beginning of this war given to the Germans all of Gaul which was subject to them, believing that they could never be able to array themselves against both nations, as has been said by me in the previous narrative.⁠

Greek ταύτην τε τὴν πρᾶξιν οὐχ ὅπως οὐ διακωλύειν Ῥωμαῖοι ἔσχον, ἀλλὰ καὶ βασιλεὺς Ἰουστινιανὸς ἐπέρρωσε σφίσι, τοῦ μή τί οὶ ἐναντίωμα τούτων δὴ τῶν βαρβάρων ἐκπεπολεμωμένων ὑπαντιάσαι.

Dewing This act the Romans were not only unable to prevent, but the Emperor Justinian even encouraged it, in order that no obstacle might confront him through having these particular barbarians roused to war

Greek οὐ γάρ ποτε ᾤοντο Γαλλίας ξὺν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ κεκτῆσθαι Φράγγοι, μὴ τοῦ αὐτοκράτορος τὸ ἔργον ἐπισφραγίσαντος τοῦτό γε. καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ οἱ Γερμανῶν ἄρχοντες Μασαλίαν τε τὴν Φωκαέων ἀποικίαν καὶ ξύμπαντα τὰ ἐπιθαλάσσια χωρία ἔσχον, θαλάσσης τε τῆς ἐκείνῃ ἐκράτησαν.

Dewing (for the Franks⁠ never considered that their possession of Gaul was secure except when the emperor had put the seal of his approval upon their title). And consequently the rulers of the Germans occupied Massilia,⁠ the colony of Phocaea, and all the sea‑coast towns and gained control of that part of the sea.

Greek καὶ κάθηνται μὲν ἐν τῇ Ἀρελάτῳ τὸν ἱππικὸν ἀγῶνα θεώμενοι, νόμισμα δὲ χρυσοῦν ἐκ τῶν ἐν Γάλλοις μετάλλων πεποίηνται, οὐ τοῦ Ῥωμαίων αὐτοκράτορος, ᾗπερ εἴθισται, χαρακτῆρα ἐνθέμενοι τῷ στατῆρι τούτῳ,

Dewing So as gentlemen of leisure they view the horse races at Arelatum,⁠ and also make a golden coin from the produce of the mines in Gaul, not stamping the likeness of the Roman emperor on this stater, as is customary, but their own likeness.

Greek ἀλλὰ τὴν σφετέραν αὐτῶν εἰκόνα. καίτοι νόμισμα μὲν ἀργυροῦν ὁ Περσῶν βασιλεὺς ᾗ βούλοιτο ποιεῖν εἴωθε, χαρακτῆρα δὲ ἴδιον ἐμβαλέσθαι στατῆρι χρυσῷ οὔτε αὐτὸν θέμις οὔτε δὲ ἄλλον ὁντιναοῦν βασιλέα τῶν πάντων βαρβάρων, καὶ ταῦτα μᾶλλον ὄντα χρυσοῦ κύριον, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ τοῖς ξυμβάλλουσι προΐεσθαι τὸ νόμισμα τοῦτο οἷοί τέ εἰσιν, εἰ καὶ βαρβάρους τοὺς ξυμβάλλοντας εἶναι ξυμβαίνει. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν τῇδε Φράγγοις ἐχώρησεν.

Dewing And yet, while the Persian king is accustomed to make silver coinage as he likes, still it is not considered right either for him or for any other sovereign in the whole barbarian world to imprint his own likeness on a gold stater, and that, too, though he has gold in his own kingdom; for they are unable to tender such a coin to those with whom they transact business, even though the parties concerned in the transaction happen to be barbarians. Thus, then, had matters proceeded as regards the Franks.

Greek Ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰ Γότθων τε καὶ Τουτίλα καθυπέρτερα τῷ πολέμῳ ἐγένετο, Φράγγοι Βενετίων τὰ πλεῖστα σφίσι προσεποιήσαντο οὐδενὶ λόγῳ, οὔτε Ῥωμαίων δυναμένων ἔτι ἀμύνεσθαι οὔτε Γότθων οἵων τε ὄντων τὸν πόλεμον πρὸς ἑκατέρους διενεγκεῖν.

Dewing When the arms of the Goths and Totila had gained the upper hand in the war, the Franks assumed control of the largest part of Venetia with no right at all, the Romans, for their part, being unable to ward them off any longer, and the Goths being unable to carry on the war against the two peoples.

Greek Γήπαιδες δὲ πόλιν τε Σίρμιον καὶ Δακίας ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἁπάσας καταλαβόντες ἔσχον, ἐπειδὴ τάχιστα βασιλεὺς αὐτὰς Ἰουστινιανὸς ἀφείλετο Γότθους· ἐξηνδραπόδισάν τε τοὺς ταύτῃ Ῥωμαίους, ἔτι μέντοι ἐπίπροσθεν ἀεὶ ὁδῷ ἰόντες ἐληΐζοντο βιαζόμενοι τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχήν.

Dewing Meanwhile the Gepaedes held the city of Sirmium⁠ and practically all the cities of Dacia, having taken possession of them at the moment the Emperor Justinian took them away from the Goths; and they not only enslaved the Romans of that region, but they were also constantly moving forward, plundering and doing violence to the Roman territory.

Greek διὸ δὴ βασιλεὺς αὐτοῖς τὰς συντάξεις οὐκέτι ἐδίδου, ἅσπερ εἴθιστο σφᾶς ἀνέκαθεν πρὸς Ῥωμαίων κομίζεσθαι.

Dewing Consequently the emperor was no longer giving them the contributions which it had long been customary for them to receive from the Romans.

Greek Λαγγοβάρδας δὲ βασιλεὺς Ἰουστινιανὸς ἐδωρήσατο Νωρικῷ τε πόλει καὶ τοῖς ἐπὶ Παννονίας ὀχυρώμασί τε καὶ ἄλλοις χωρίοις πολλοῖς καὶ χρήμασι μεγάλοις ἄγαν.

Dewing Now the Emperor Justinian had bestowed upon the Lombards the city of Noricum⁠ and the strongholds of Pannonia, as well as many other towns and a very great amount of money.

Greek διά τοι τοῦτο ἐξ ἠθῶν τῶν πατρίων Λαγγοβάρδαι ἐξαναστάντες ἐνθένδε ποταμοῦ Ἴστρου ἱδρύσαντο,

Dewing It was because of this that the Lombards departed from their ancestral homes and settled on the south side of the Ister River, not far from the Gepaedes.

Greek Γηπαίδων οὐ πολλῷ ἄποθεν. καὶ αὐτοὶ μὲν Δαλμάτας τε καὶ Ἰλλυριοὺς μέχρι τῶν Ἐπιδάμνου ὁρίων ληϊσάμενοι ἠνδραπόδισαν, ἐπειδή τε τῶν τινες αἰχμαλώτων ἐνθένδε φυγόντες οἴκαδε ἀποκομίζεσθαι ἴσχυσαν, περιιόντες τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχὴν οἱ βάρβαροι οὗτοι ἅτε Ῥωμαίοις ἔνσπονδοι ὄντες ἤν τινας τῶν ἀποδράντων ἐπιγνοῖεν ἐνταῦθα, ὥσπερ ἀνδραπόδων οἰκείων δεδραπετευκότων ἐπελαμβάνοντο, τῶν τε γειναμένων ἀφέλκοντες ἐς τὰ οἰκεῖα ξὺν αὑτοῖς ἐκομίζοντο, οὐδενὸς σφίσιν ἀντιστατοῦντος.

Dewing They then, in their turn, plundered the population of Dalmatia and Illyricum as far as the boundaries of Epidamnus, taking captives; and since some of the captives escaped and succeeded in getting back to their homes, these barbarians, on the ground that they were at peace with the Romans, went about through the Roman domain, and whenever they recognized any of the escaped captives there, they laid hold of them as if they were their own slaves who had run away, and, dragging them from their parents, carried them off with them to their own homes, no one opposing them.

Greek καὶ ἄλλα μέντοι Δακίας χωρία δόντος βασιλέως Ἔρουλοι ἔσχον ἀμφὶ πόλιν Σιγγιδόνον, οὗ δὴ ἵδρυνται νῦν, Ἰλλυριούς τε καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης χωρία καταθέοντες καὶ ληϊζόμενοι ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον. τινὲς δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ Ῥωμαίων στρατιῶται γεγένηνται ἐν τοῖς φοιδεράτοις καλουμένοις ταττόμενοι.

Dewing Other towns of Dacia also, about the city of Singidunum,⁠ had been taken over by the Eruli as a gift from the emperor, and here they are settled at the present time, overrunning and plundering Illyricum and the Thracian towns very generally. Some of them have even become Roman soldiers serving among the foederati,⁠ as they are called.

Greek ἡνίκα οὖν Ἐρούλων ἐς Βυζάντιον πρέσβεις σταλεῖεν, τούτων δὴ τῶν ἀνδρῶν, οἳ τοὺς Ῥωμαίων κατηκόους ληΐζονται, τὰς συντάξεις ἁπάσας πρὸς βασιλέως κεκομισμένοι πόνῳ οὐδενὶ ἀπαλλάσσονται.

Dewing So whenever envoys of the Eruli are sent to Byzantium, representing the very men who are plundering Roman subjects, they collect all their contributions from the emperor without the least difficulty and carry them off home.