第6巻 第4章

Greek Τούτοις μὲν Ῥωμαίων τὸν δῆμον παραθρασύνας Βελισάριος ἀπεπέμψατο, Προκόπιον δέ, ὃς τάδε ξυνέγραψεν, αὐτίκα ἐς Νεάπολιν ἐκέλευεν ἰέναι. φήμη γάρ τις περιήγγελλεν ὡς στράτευμα ἐνταῦθα βασιλεὺς πέμψειε.

Dewing With these words Belisarius encouraged the Roman populace and then dismissed them; and Procopius, who wrote this history, he immediately commanded to go to Naples. For a rumour was going about that the emperor had sent an army there.

Greek καί οἱ ἐπέστελλε ναῦς τε ὅτι πλείστας σίτου ἐμπλήσασθαι καὶ στρατιώτας ἀγεῖραι ἅπαντας ὅσους ἐν τῷ παρόντι ἐκ Βυζατίου ἥκειν τετύχηκεν, ἢ ἵππων φυλακῆς ἕνεκα ἢ ἄλλου ὁτουοῦν ἐνταῦθα λελεῖφθαι, οἵους δὴ πολλοὺς ἐς τὰ ἐν Καμπανίᾳ χωρία ἠκηκόει ἰέναι, τινὰς δὲ καὶ τῶν ταύτῃ φρουρῶν ἀφελέσθαι, ἥξειν τε ξὺν αὐτοῖς τὸν σῖτον παρακομίζοντι ἐς Ὀστίαν, ὅθι τὸ Ῥωμαίων ἐπίνειον.

Dewing And he commissioned him to load as many ships as possible with grain, to gather all the soldiers who at the moment had arrived from Byzantium, or had been left about Naples in charge of horses or for any other purpose whatever — for he had heard that many such were coming to the various places in Campania — and to withdraw some of the men from the garrisons there, and then to come back with them, convoying the grain to Ostia, where the harbour of the Romans was.

Greek καὶ ὁ μὲν ξὺν τῷ Μουνδίλᾳ τῷ δορυφόρῳ καὶ ὀλίγοις ἱππεῦσι διὰ πύλης ἣ Παύλου τοῦ ἀποστόλου ἐπώνυμός ἐστι, νύκτωρ διῆλθε, λαθὼν τὸ τῶν πολεμίων στρατόπεδον ὅπερ ἄγχιστα ὁδοῦ τῆς Ἀππίας ἐφύλασσεν.

Dewing And Procopius, accompanied by Mundilas the guardsman and a few horsemen, passed out by night through the gate which bears the name of the Apostle Paul,⁠ eluding the enemy's camp which had been established very close to the Appian Way to keep guard over it.

Greek ἐπειδή τε ἐς Ῥώμην οἱ ἀμφὶ Μουνδίλαν ἐπανήκοντες ἀφῖχθαι ἤδη Προκόπιον ἐς Καμπανίαν οὐδενὶ ἐντυχόντα τῶν βαρβάρων ἀπήγγελλον, νύκτωρ γὰρ οὔποτε τοὺς πολεμίους ἔξω τοῦ στρατοπέδου πορεύεσθαι, εὐέλπιδες μὲν γεγένηνται πάντες, Βελισάριος δὲ θαρσήσας ἤδη ἐπενόει τάδε.

Dewing And when Mundilas and his men, returning to Rome, announced that Procopius had already arrived in Campania without meeting any of the barbarians, — for at night, they said, the enemy never went outside their camp, — everybody became hopeful, and Belisarius, now emboldened, devised the following plan.

Greek τῶν ἱππέων πολλοὺς ἐς τὰ πλησίον ἐξέπεμπεν ὀχυρώματα, ἐπιστείλας, ἤν τινες τῶν πολεμίων ταύτῃ ἴωσιν, ἐφ’ ᾧ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐς τὰ στρατόπεδα ἐσκομίσονται, ἔνθεν αὐτοῖς ἐπεκδρομάς τε καὶ ἐνέδρας πανταχόθι τῶν τῇδε χωρίων ἀεὶ ποιουμένους μὴ ἐπιτρέπειν, ἀλλὰ παντὶ σθένει ἀπείργειν, ὅπως ἥ τε πόλις ἐλασσόνως ἢ πρότερον τῇ ἀπορίᾳ πιέζοιτο καὶ οἱ βάρβαροι πολιορκεῖσθαι μᾶλλον ἢ αὐτοὶ πολιορκεῖν Ῥωμαίους δόξειαν.

Dewing He sent out many of his horsemen to the neighbouring strongholds, directing them, in case any of the enemy should come that way in order to bring provisions into their camps, that they should constantly make sallies upon them from their positions and lay ambushes everywhere about this region, and thus keep them from succeeding; on the contrary, they should with all their might hedge them in, so that the city might be in less distress than formerly through lack of provisions, and also that the barbarians might seem to be besieged rather than to be themselves besieging the Romans.

Greek Μαρτῖνον μὲν οὖν καὶ Τραϊανὸν ξὺν χιλίοις ἐς Ταρακίναν ἐκέλευσεν ἰέναι. οἷς δὴ καὶ Ἀντωνίναν τὴν γυναῖκα ξυνέπεμψεν, ἐντειλάμενος ἔς τε Νεάπολιν αὐτὴν στέλλεσθαι ξὺν ὀλίγοις τισὶ καὶ τύχην ἐκ τοῦ ἀσφαλοῦς τὴν σφίσι ξυμβησομένην καραδοκεῖν.

Dewing So he commanded Martinus and Trajan with a thousand men to go to Taracina. And with them he sent also his wife Antonina, commanding that she be sent with a few men to Naples, there to await in safety the fortune which would befall the Romans.

Greek Μάγνον δὲ καὶ Σινθούην τὸν δορυφόρον πεντακοσίους μάλιστα ἐπαγομένους ἐς Τίβουριν τὸ φρούριον ἔπεμψε, σταδίους τεσσαράκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν Ῥώμης διέχον.

Dewing And he sent Magnus and Sinthues the guardsman, who took with them about five hundred men, to the fortress of Tibur, one hundred and forty stades distant from Rome.⁠

Greek ἐς μέντοι τὸ Ἀλβανῶν πόλισμα, σταδίους μὲν τοσούτους ἀπέχον, ἐν δὲ τῇ Ἀππίᾳ ὁδῷ κείμενον, πρότερον ἤδη Γόνθαριν ξὺν Ἐρούλοις τισὶ πέμψας ἔτυχεν, οὓς δὴ οἱ Γότθοι βιασάμενοι ἐξήλασαν ἐνθένδε οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον.

Dewing But to the town of Albani,⁠ which was situated on the Appian Way at the same distance from the city, he had already, as it happened, sent Gontharis with a number of Eruli, and these the Goths had driven out from there by force not long afterward.

Greek Ἔστι δέ τις νεὼς Παύλου τοῦ ἀποστόλου, Ῥώμης τοῦ περιβόλου τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα σταδίους ἀπέχων, ὅ τε ποταμὸς αὐτὸν παραρρεῖ Τίβερις. ἐνταῦθα ὀχύρωμα μὲν οὐδαμῆ ἐστι, στοὰ δέ τις ἄχρι ἐς τὸν νεὼν διήκουσα ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, ἄλλαι τε πολλαὶ οἰκοδομίαι ἀμφ’ αὐτὸν οὖσαι οὐκ εὐέφοδον ποιοῦσι τὸν χῶρον.

Dewing Now there is a certain church of the Apostle Paul,⁠ fourteen stades distant from the fortifications of Rome,⁠ and the Tiber River flows beside it. In that place there is no fortification, but a colonnade extends all the way from the city to the church, and many other buildings which are round about it render the place not easy of access.

Greek ἔστι δέ τις καὶ αἰδὼς πρὸς ταῦτα δὴ τὰ ἱερὰ τοῖς Γότθοις. ἐς οὐδέτερον γοῦν τοῖν ἀποστόλοιν νεὼν παρὰ πάντα τὸν τοῦ πολέμου καιρὸν ἄχαρί τι πρὸς αὐτῶν γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ πάντα τῇδε τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν, ᾗπερ εἰώθει, ἐξοσιοῦσθαι ξυμβέβηκεν.

Dewing But the Goths shew a certain degree of actual respect for sanctuaries such as this. And indeed during the whole time of the war no harm came to either church of the two Apostles⁠ at their hands, but all the rites were performed in them by the priests in the usual manner.

Greek ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ χωρίῳ Βαλεριανόν, τοὺς Οὔννους ἅπαντας ἀπαγαγόντα, χαράκωμα παρὰ τοῦ Τιβέριδος τὴν ὄχθην ἐκέλευε ποιεῖσθαι, ὅπως ἂν αὐτοῖς τε ἀδεέστερον οἱ ἵπποι τρέφοιντο καὶ οἱ Γότθοι μᾶλλον ἔτι ἀναστέλλοιντο τοῦ κατ’ ἐξουσίαν ὡς ἀπωτάτω τῶν στρατοπέδων τῶν σφετέρων ἰέναι.

Dewing At this spot, then, Belisarius commanded Valerian to take all the Huns and make a stockade by the bank of the Tiber, in order that their horses might be kept in greater security and that the Goths might be still further checked from going at their pleasure to great distances from their camps. And Valerian acted accordingly.

Greek ὁ δὲ κατὰ ταῦτα ἐποίει. ἐπειδή τε οἱ Οὖννοι ἐνταῦθα ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο οὗπερ ὁ στρατηγὸς ἐνετέλλετο, ἐς τὴν πόλιν ἀπήλαυνε.

Dewing Then, after the Huns had made their camp in the place where the general directed, he rode back to the city.

Greek Ταῦτα μὲν οὖν Βελισάριος διαπεπραγμένος ἡσύχαζε, μάχης μὲν οὐκ ἄρχων, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ τείχους ἀμύνεσθαι προθυμούμενος, ἤν τις ἔξωθεν ἐπ’ αὐτὸ κακουργήσων ἴοι.

Dewing So Belisarius, having accomplished this, remained quiet, not offering battle, but eager to carry on the defence from the wall, if anyone should advance against it from outside with evil intent.

Greek καὶ σῖτον μέντοι τισὶ τοῦ Ῥωμαίων δήμου παρείχετο. Μαρτῖνος δὲ καὶ Τραϊανὸς διελθόντες νύκτωρ τὰ τῶν πολεμίων στρατόπεδα, ἐπειδὴ ἐν Ταρακίνῃ ἐγένοντο, Ἀντωνίναν μὲν ἐς Καμπανίαν ξὺν ὀλίγοις τισὶν ἔπεμψαν, αὐτοὶ δὲ τὰ ταύτῃ ὀχυρώματα καταλαβόντες, ἔνθεν τε ὁρμώμενοι καὶ τὰς ἐφόδους ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου ποιούμενοι, τῶν Γότθων τοὺς ἐς τὰ ἐκείνῃ χωρία περιιόντας ἀνέστελλον.

Dewing And he also furnished grain to some of the Roman populace. But Martinus and Trajan passed by night between the camps of the enemy, and after reaching Taracina sent Antonina with a few men into Campania; and they themselves took possession of the fortified places in that district, and using them as their bases of operations and making thence their sudden attacks, they checked such of the Goths as were moving about in that region.

Greek Μάγνος δὲ καὶ Σινθούης τοῦ τε φρουρίου ὅσα καταπεπτώκει ἐν βραχεῖ ἀνῳκοδομήσαντο χρόνῳ καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἐν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ ἐγένοντο, ἤδη μᾶλλον ἐλύπουν τοὺς πολεμίους ἅτε αὐτῶν τὸ ἐπιτείχισμα οὐκ ἄποθεν ὂν συχνά τε καταθέοντες καὶ τῷ ἀπροσδοκήτῳ ἐκπλήσσοντες ἀεὶ τῶν βαρβάρων τοὺς τὰ ἐπιτήδεια παραπέμποντας, ἕως Σινθούης ἐν μάχῃ δή τινι δόρατι πληγεὶς τὴν δεξιὰν χεῖρα τῶν τε νεύρων οἱ ἀποκοπέντων ἀπόμαχος τὸ λοιπὸν γέγονε.

Dewing As for Magnus and Sinthues, in a short time they rebuilt such parts of the fortress⁠ as had fallen into ruin, and as soon as they had put themselves in safety, they began immediately to make more trouble for the enemy, whose fortress was not far away, not only by making frequent raids upon them, but also by keeping such of the barbarians as were escorting provision-trains in a constant state of terror by the unexpectedness of their movements; but finally Sinthues was wounded in his right hand by a spear in a certain battle, and since the sinews were severed, he became thereafter unfit for fighting.

Greek καὶ Οὖννοι δὲ τὸ στρατόπεδον ἐν γειτόνων, ὥσπερ μοι ἐρρήθη, πεποιημένοι οὐκ ἐλάσσω κακὰ τοὺς Γότθους ἐποίουν, ὥστε καὶ αὐτοὶ τῷ λιμῷ ἐπιέζοντο ἤδη, οὐκέτι σφίσιν ἀδείας οὔσης τὰς τροφὰς ὥσπερ τὸ πρότερον ἐσκομίζεσθαι.

Dewing And the Huns likewise, after they had made their camp near by, as I have said, were on their part causing the Goths no less trouble, so that these as well as the Romans were now feeling the pressure of famine, since they no longer had freedom to bring in their food-supplies as formerly.

Greek καὶ λοιμὸς δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐπεισπεσὼν πολλοὺς ἔφθειρε, καὶ μάλιστα ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ὅπερ αὐτοῖς ἀγχοῦ τῆς Ἀππίας ὁδοῦ ὕστατον,

Dewing And pestilence too fell upon them and was destroying many, and especially in the camp which they had last made, close by the Appian Way, as I have previously stated.⁠

Greek ὥσπερ μοι προδεδήλωται, γεγονὸς ἔτυχε. καὶ αὐτῶν ὀλίγοι ἐνθένδε ὅσοι οὐ διεφθάρησαν ἐς τἄλλα χαρακώματα ὑπεχώρησαν. ταὐτὸ δὲ τοῦτο καὶ Οὖννοι παθόντες ἐς Ῥώμην εἰσῆλθον.

Dewing And the few of their number who had not perished withdrew from that camp to the other camps. The Huns also suffered in the same way, and so returned to Rome. Such was the course of events here.

Greek ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἐγίνετο τῇδε. Προκόπιος δέ, ἐπεὶ ἐν Καμπανίᾳ ἐγένετο, στρατιώτας τε οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ πεντακοσίους ἐνταῦθα ἤγειρε, καὶ νεῶν πολύ τι χρῆμα σίτου ἐμπλησάμενος ἐν παρασκευῇ εἶχε.

Dewing But as for Procopius, when he reached Campania, he collected not fewer than five hundred soldiers there, loaded a great number of ships with grain, and held them in readiness.

Greek παρῆν δέ οἱ καὶ Ἀντωνίνα οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον καὶ τοῦ στόλου ἤδη ξὺν αὐτῷ ἐπεμελεῖτο.

Dewing And he was joined not long afterwards by Antonina, who immediately assisted him in making arrangements for the fleet.

Greek Τότε καὶ τὸ ὄρος ὁ Βέβιος ἐμυκήσατο μέν, οὐ μέντοι ἠρεύξατο, καίτοι γε καὶ λίαν ἐπίδοξος ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ἐγεγόνει ὅτι ἐρεύξεται. διὸ δὴ καὶ τοῖς ἐπιχωρίοις ξυνέβη ἐς δέος μέγα ἐμπεπτωκέναι.

Dewing At that time the mountain of Vesuvius rumbled, and though it did not break forth in eruption, still because of the rumbling it led people to expect with great certainty that there would be an eruption. And for this reason it came to pass that the inhabitants fell into great terror.

Greek τὸ δὲ ὄρος τοῦτο Νεαπόλεως μὲν ἑβδομήκοντα σταδίοις διέχει, τετραμμένον αὐτῆς πρὸς βορρᾶν ἄνεμον, ἀπότομον δὲ ἀτεχνῶς ἐστι, τὰ κάτω μὲν ἀμφιλαφὲς κύκλῳ, τὰ δὲ ὕπερθεν κρημνῶδές τε καὶ δεινῶς ἄβατον.

Dewing Now this mountain is seventy stades distant from Naples and lies to the north⁠ of it — an exceedingly steep mountain, whose lower parts spread out wide on all sides, while its upper portion is precipitous and exceedingly difficult of ascent.

Greek ἐν δὲ τῇ τοῦ Βεβίου ὑπερβολῇ σπήλαιον κατὰ μέσον μάλιστα βαθὺ φαίνεται, ὥστε εἰκάζειν αὐτὸ ἄχρι ἐς τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ ὄρους διήκειν.

Dewing But on the summit of Vesuvius and at about the centre of it appears a cavern of such depth that one would judge that it extends all the way to the bottom of the mountain.

Greek καὶ πῦρ ἐνταῦθα ὁρᾶν πάρεστιν, ἤν τις ὑπερκύπτειν τολμήσειε, καὶ χρόνῳ μὲν τῷ ἄλλῳ ἡ φλὸξ ἐφ’ ἑαυτὴν στρέφεται, πράγματα οὐδενὶ παρεχομένη τῶν ταύτῃ ἀνθρώπων, ἐπειδὰν δὲ κτύπον τινὰ μυκηθμῷ ἐμφερῆ τὸ ὄρος ἀφῇ, κόνεως μέγα τι χρῆμα οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἀνίησι.

Dewing And it is possible to see fire there, if one should dare to peer over the edge, and although the flames as a rule merely twist and turn upon one another, occasioning no trouble to the inhabitants of that region, yet, when the mountain gives forth a rumbling sound which resembles bellowing, it generally sends up not long afterward a great quantity of ashes.

Greek καὶ ἢν μέν τινα ὁδῷ τὸ κακὸν τοῦτο βαδίζοντα λάβῃ, τοῦτον δὴ τὸν ἄνθρωπον οὐδεμία μηχανὴ βιώσεσθαί ἐστιν, ἢν δὲ οἰκίαις τισὶν ἐπιπέσῃ, πίπτουσι καὶ αὐταὶ τῷ τῆς κόνεως πλήθει ἀχθόμεναι.

Dewing And if anyone travelling on the road is caught by this terrible shower, he cannot possibly survive, and if it falls upon houses, they too fall under the weight of the great quantity of ashes.

Greek ἀνέμου δὲ σκληροῦ, ἂν οὕτω τύχῃ, ἐπιπεσόντος, ἀνιέναι μὲν αὐτὴν ξυμβαίνει ἐς ὕψος μέγα, ὡς μηκέτι ἀνθρώπῳ ὁρατὴν εἶναι, φέρεσθαι δὲ ὅπη ἂν αὐτῇ τὸ πνεῦμα ἐπίφορον ἴοι, ἐμπίπτειν τε ἐς γῆν ἣ ὡς ἑκαστάτω τυγχάνει οὖσα.

Dewing But whenever it so happens that a strong wind comes on, the ashes rise to a great height, so that they are no longer visible to the eye, and are borne wherever the wind which drives them goes, falling on lands exceedingly far away.

Greek καί ποτε μέν φασιν ἐν Βυζαντίῳ ἐπιπεσοῦσαν οὕτως ἐκπλῆξαι τοὺς ταύτῃ ἀνθρώπους ὥστε πανδημεὶ ἐξ ἐκείνου δὴ καὶ ἐς τόδε τοῦ χρόνου λιταῖς ἐνιαυσίοις ἐξιλάσκεσθαι τὸν θεὸν ἔγνωσαν, ἐς Τρίπολιν δὲ τῆς Λιβύης χρόνῳ ἑτέρῳ ἐμπεπτωκέναι.

Dewing And once, they say, they fell in Byzantium⁠ and so terrified the people there, that from that time up to the present the whole city has seen fit to propitiate God with prayers every year; and at another time they fell on Tripolis in Libya.

Greek καὶ πρότερον μὲν ἐνιαυτῶν ἑκατὸν ἢ καὶ πλειόνων τὸν μυκηθμὸν τοῦτόν φασι γενέσθαι, ὕστερον δὲ καὶ πολλῷ ἔτι θᾶσσον ξυμβῆναι.

Dewing Formerly this rumbling took place, they say, once in a hundred years or even more,⁠ but in later times it has happened much more frequently.

Greek τοῦτο μέντοι ἀπισχυρισάμενοι λέγουσιν, ὅτι δὴ ἐπειδὰν τῷ Βεβίῳ ταύτην ἐρεύξασθαι τὴν κόνιν ξυμβαίη, εὐθηνεῖν ἀνάγκη τὴν ἐκείνην χώραν καρποῖς ἅπασιν.

Dewing This, however, they declare emphatically, that whenever Vesuvius belches forth these ashes, the country round about is bound to flourish with an abundance of all crops.

Greek ἀὴρ δὲ λεπτότατός ἐστι καὶ πρὸς ὑγείαν ἱκανῶς πεφυκὼς ἐν τῷ ὄρει τούτῳ πάντων μάλιστα. ἐς τοῦτο ἀμέλει τοὺς φθόῃ ἁλόντας ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν χρόνων ἰατροὶ πέμπουσι. τὰ μὲν οὖν ἀμφὶ τῷ Βεβίῳ ταύτῃ πη ἔχει.

Dewing Furthermore, the air on this mountain is very light and by its nature the most favourable to health in the world. And indeed those who are attacked by consumption have been sent to this place by physicians from remote times. So much, then, may be said regarding Vesuvius.