第6巻 第28章

Greek Ἐπεὶ δὲ Βελισάριος Αὔξιμον εἷλε, Ῥάβενναν πολιορκεῖν ἐν σπουδῇ ἐποιεῖτο καὶ ἅπαν τὸ στράτευμα ἐνταῦθα ἐπῆγε. Μάγνον τε πέμψας ξὺν πλήθει πολλῷ ὑπὲρ Ῥαβέννης ἐκέλευε Πάδου τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὴν ὄχθην ἀεὶ περιιόντα φυλακὴν ἔχειν, ὅπως δὴ μὴ τὸ λοιπὸν ἐνθένδε οἱ Γότθοι τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐσκομίζωνται.

Dewing After the capture of Auximus, Belisarius made haste to lay siege to Ravenna, and he brought up his whole army against it. He also sent Magnus with a large force beyond Ravenna, with orders to move constantly along the bank of the river Po and keep guard, with the purpose of preventing the Goths thereafter from bringing in provisions by way of the river.

Greek καὶ Βιτάλιος δέ οἱ ξὺν στρατῷ ἐκ Δαλματίας ἀφικόμενος ὄχθην τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὴν ἑτέραν ἐφύλασσεν. ἐνταῦθα αὐτοῖς ξυνέβη τις τύχη, δήλωσιν ἄντικρυς ποιουμένη ὅτι δὴ αὐτὴ πρυτανεύει ἀμφοτέροις τὰ πράγματα.

Dewing Furthermore, Vitalius, who had come from Dalmatia with an army to join him, was guarding the other bank of the river. It was here that the Romans met with a piece of good fortune which made it perfectly clear that Fortune herself was determining the course of events for both sides.

Greek συχνὰς γὰρ οἱ Γότθοι ἀκάτους πρότερον ἐν Λιγούροις συλλέξαντες ἐς τὸν Πάδον καθῆκαν, ἅσπερ ἐμπλησάμενοι σίτου τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιτηδείων πλεῖν ἐπὶ Ῥαβέννης διενοοῦντο.

Dewing For the Goths had previously collected a large number of boats in Liguria and brought them down to the Po, and after filling them with grain and other provisions were purposing to set sail for Ravenna.

Greek οὕτω δὲ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τούτου τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκείνῳ τῷ χρόνῳ ὑπέληγεν ὥστε αὐτοῦ ναυτίλλεσθαι τὸ παράπαν ἀδύνατα ἦν, ἕως ἐπελθόντες Ῥωμαῖοι τὰς ἀκάτους σὺν τοῖς φορτίοις ἅπασιν εἷλον.

Dewing But the water in this river fell so low at that time that it was altogether impossible to navigate upon it, until the Romans came up and seized the boats with all their cargoes.

Greek ὅ τε ποταμὸς οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον ἐς ῥοῦν ἐπανιὼν τὸν καθήκοντα ναυσίπορος τὸ λοιπὸν ἐγεγόνει. τοῦτο δὲ αὐτῷ ξυμβῆναι οὐ πώποτε πρότερον ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν.

Dewing Then the river not long afterward returned to its proper volume and became navigable thereafter. And as far as we know from tradition, this had never happened to the river before.

Greek ἤδη τε οἱ βάρβαροι ἤρξαντο τῶν ἐπιτηδείων ὑποσπανίζειν. οὔτε γὰρ διὰ κόλπου τι ἐσκομίζεσθαι τοῦ Ἰονίου εἶχον, θαλασσοκρατούντων πανταχῆ τῶν πολεμίων, καὶ τοῦ ποταμοῦ ἀπεκέκλειντο.

Dewing By this time the barbarians had already begun to experience some lack of provisions. For they were both unable to bring anything in by the Ionian Gulf, since their enemy commanded the sea everywhere, and they were shut off from the river.

Greek γνόντες δὲ οἱ Φράγγων ἄρχοντες τὰ ποιούμενα προσποιεῖσθαί τε τὴν Ἰταλίαν ἐθέλοντες, πρέσβεις παρὰ τὸν Οὐίττιγιν πέμπουσι, ξυμμαχίας ὑπόσχεσιν προτεινόμενοι,

Dewing And the rulers of the Franks, learning what was going on and wishing to gain Italy for themselves, sent envoys to Vittigis, holding out a promise of an offensive and defensive alliance, on condition that they should rule the land jointly with him.

Greek ἐφ’ ᾧ τῆς χώρας ξὺν αὐτῷ ἄρξουσιν. ὅπερ Βελισάριος ὡς ἤκουσε, πρέσβεις καὶ αὐτὸς ἀντεροῦντας Γερμανοῖς ἔπεμψεν ἄλλους τε καὶ Θεοδόσιον τὸν τῇ οἰκία τῇ αὐτοῦ ἐφεστῶτα.

Dewing Now when Belisarius heard this, he also sent envoys, among whom was Theodosius, who stood at the head of his own household, in order to speak against the Germans.

Greek Πρῶτοι μὲν οὖν οἱ Γερμανῶν πρέσβεις Οὐιττίγιδι ἐς ὄψιν ἐλθόντες ἔλεξαν τοιάδε· “Ἔπεμψαν ἡμᾶς οἱ Γερμανῶν ἄρχοντες, δυσχεραίνοντες μὲν ὅτι δὴ πρὸς Βελισαρίου πολιορκεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς ἤκουσαν, τιμωρεῖν δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι τάχιστα κατὰ τὸ ξυμμαχικὸν ἐν σπουδῇ ἔχοντες.

Dewing So the envoys of the Germans were admitted first to Vittigis' presence and spoke to the following effect: "The rulers of the Germans have sent us to you, in the first place because they are vexed to hear that you are thus by Belisarius, and, in the second place, because they are eager to avenge you with all possible speed in accordance with the terms of our alliance.

Greek τὸ μὲν οὖν στρατόπεδον ἀνδρῶν μαχίμων οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ ἐς μυριάδας πεντήκοντα ἤδη που τὰς Ἄλπεις ὑπερβεβηκέναι οἰόμεθα, οὕσπερ τοῖς πελέκεσι τὴν Ῥωμαίων στρατιὰν ξύμπασαν ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ ὁρμῇ καταχώσειν αὐχοῦμεν.

Dewing Now we suppose that our army, numbering not less than five hundred thousand fighting men, has by now crossed the Alps, and we boast that they will bury the entire Roman army with their axes at the first onset.

Greek ὑμᾶς δὲ οὐ τῶν δουλωσομένων τῇ γνώμῃ ἕπεσθαι ἄξιον, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἐς κίνδυνον πολέμου εὐνοίᾳ τῇ ἐς Γότθους καθισταμένων.

Dewing And you, on your part, ought to conform to the purpose, not of those who intend to enslave you, but of those who are entering into the danger of war because of their loyalty to the Goths.

Greek ἄλλως τε, ἢν μὲν τὰ ὅπλα ξὺν ἡμῖν ἕλησθε, οὐδεμία λελείψεται Ῥωμαίοις ἐλπὶς ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς στρατεύμασιν ἐς χεῖρας ἰέναι, ἀλλ’ αὐτόθεν πόνῳ οὐδενὶ ἀναδησόμεθα τὸ τοῦ πολέμου κράτος.

Dewing And apart from this, if, on the one hand, you unite your forces with ours, the Romans will have no hope left of fa­cing both our armies in battle, but from the very outset and without any effort at all we shall gain the supremacy in the war.

Greek ἢν δέ γε ξὺν Ῥωμαίοις τετάξονται Γότθοι, οὐδ’ ὣς τῷ Φράγγων ἔθνει ἀνθέξουσιν ʽοὐ γὰρ ἐξ ἀντιπάλου τῆς δυνάμεως ὁ ἀγὼν ἔσταἰ, ἀλλὰ περιέσται ὑμῖν τὸ ξὺν τοῖς πάντων πολεμιωτάτοις ἡσσῆσθαι.

Dewing But if, on the other hand, the Goths choose to array themselves with the Romans, even in that case they will not withstand the Prankish nation (for the struggle will not be evenly matched in point of strength), but the ultimate result for you will be defeat in the company of the most hostile of all men.

Greek ἐς προὖπτον δὲ κακὸν ἰέναι, παρὸν κινδύνου ἐκτὸς σώζεσθαι, πολλὴ ἄνοια. ὅλως δὲ ἄπιστον πᾶσι βαρβάροις τὸ Ῥωμαίων καθέστηκε γένος, ἐπεὶ καὶ φύσει πολέμιόν ἐστιν.

Dewing But to plunge into a disaster which can be foreseen, when the opportunity is offered to be saved without danger, is utter folly. Besides, the Roman nation has proved itself altogether untrustworthy toward all barbarians, since by its very nature it is hostile to them.

Greek ἡμεῖς μὲν οὖν ξυνάρξομέν τε βουλομένοις ὑμῖν Ἰταλίας ἁπάσης καὶ τὴν χώραν διοικησόμεθα ὅπη ἂν δοκῇ ὡς ἄριστα ἔχειν. σὲ δὲ καὶ Γότθους ἑλέσθαι εἰκὸς ὅ τι ἂν ὑμῖν ξυνοίσειν μέλλῃ.” Φράγγοι μὲν τοσαῦτα εἶπον.

Dewing We therefore propose, if you are willing, to share with you the rule of all Italy, and we shall administer the land in whatever manner seems best. And for thee and the Goths the natural course to follow is that one which is destined to redound to your advantage." Thus spoke the Franks.

Greek Παρελθόντες δὲ καὶ οἱ Βελισαρίου πρέσβεις ἔλεξαν ὧδε· “Ὡς μὲν οὐδὲν ἂν τῷ βασιλέως στρατῷ λυμανεῖται τὸ Γερμανῶν πλῆθος, ᾧπερ οὗτοι δεδίττεσθαι ὑμᾶς ἀξιοῦσι, τί ἄν τις ἐν ὑμῖν μακρολογοίη, οἷς γε διὰ μακρὰν ἐμπειρίαν ἅπασαν ἐξεπίστασθαι τὴν τοῦ πολέμου ῥοπὴν ξυμβαίνει, καὶ ὡς ἥκιστα ἀρετὴ ἀνθρώπων ὁμίλῳ φιλεῖ ἐλασσοῦσθαι;

Dewing And the envoys of Belisarius also came forward and spoke as follows. "That the multitude of the Germans will inflict no injury on the emperor's army — and it is with this that they seek to scare you — why should one enter into a lengthy proof before you, seeing that you, certainly, have come to understand by long experience what wholly governs the course of war, and know that valour is in no circumstances wont to be overcome by mere throngs of men.

Greek ἐῶμεν γὰρ λέγειν ὡς καὶ πάντων μάλιστα βασιλεῖ πάρεστι πλήθει στρατιωτῶν περιεῖναι τῶν πολεμίων. τὸ δὲ δὴ τούτων πιστόν, ᾧ χρῆσθαι αὐχοῦσιν ἐς πάντας βαρβάρους, μετά γε Θορίγγους καὶ τὸ Βουργουζιώνων ἔθνος, καὶ ἐς τοὺς ξυμμάχους ὑμᾶς παρὰ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐπιδέδεικται.

Dewing For we need not add that, in point of fact, the emperor surpasses all others in the ability to outstrip his enemies in regard to multitude of soldiers. But as touching the loyalty of these Franks, which they proudly claim to shew toward all barbarians, this has been well displayed by them, first to the Thuringians and the Burgundian nation, and then to you also, their allies.

Greek ὡς ἡμεῖς γε ἡδέως ἂν Φράγγους ἐροίμεθα τίνα ποτὲ μέλλοντες ὀμεῖσθαι θεὸν τὸ τῆς πίστεως ὑμῖν ἐχυρὸν ἰσχυρίζονται δώσειν.

Dewing And indeed we, on our part, should take pleasure in asking the Franks by what god they can possibly intend to swear when they declare that they will give you surety for their loyalty.

Greek τὸν γὰρ ἤδη αὐτοῖς ὀμωμοσμένον ὅντινα τετιμήκασι τρόπον ἐπίστασθε δή που· οἵ γε χρήματα μὲν τοσαῦτα τὸ πλῆθος, Γαλλίας δὲ ὅλας παρ’ ὑμῶν ἐπὶ ξυμμαχίᾳ κεκομισμένοι οὐχ ὅσον ὑμῖν τοῦ κινδύνου συνάρασθαι οὐδαμῶς ἔγνωσαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅπλα οὕτως ἀνέδην καθ’ ὑμῶν εἵλοντο, εἴ τις ἐν ὑμῖν τῶν πρὸς τῷ Πάδῳ ξυμπεπτωκότων διασώζεται λόγος.

Dewing For you understand surely in what manner they have honoured the one by whom they have already sworn — they who have received from you vast sums of money, as you know, and also the entire territory of Gaul as the price of their alliance, and yet have decided not merely to render you no assistance at all in your peril, but have actually taken up arms thus wantonly against you, if any account of those things which happened on the Po is preserved among you.1

Greek καὶ τί δεῖ τὰ φθάσαντα λέγοντας ἐλέγχειν τὸ τῶν Φράγγων ἀσέβημα; τῆς παρούσης αὐτῶν πρεσβείας οὐδὲν ἂν γένοιτο μιαρώτερον.

Dewing But why need we demonstrate the impiety of the Franks by recounting past events? Nothing could be more unholy than this present embassy of theirs.

Greek ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐπιλελησμένοι τῶν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς ὡμολογημένων τε καὶ ταῖς ξυνθήκαις ὀμωμοσμένων κοινωνεῖν τῶν πάντων ὑμῖν ἀξιοῦσιν.

Dewing For just as if they had forgotten the terms they themselves have agreed upon and the oaths they have taken to secure the treaty, they claim the right to share your all with you.

Greek ἢν δὲ καὶ τούτου παρ’ ὑμῶν τύχωσιν, εἰς τί ποτε αὐτοῖς τελευτήσει τὸ τῶν χρημάτων ἀκόρεστον σκοπεῖσθαι προσήκει.”

Dewing And if they do actually obtain this from you, it befits you to consider what will be the end of their insatiable greed for money."

Greek Τοσαῦτα μὲν καὶ οἱ Βελισαρίου πρέσβεις ἔλεξαν. Οὐίττιγις δὲ ξὺν Γότθων τοῖς ἀρίστοις πολλὰ κοινολογησάμενος τάς τε πρὸς βασιλέα ξυνθήκας εἵλετο καὶ ἀπράκτους ἀπεπέμψατο τοὺς Γερμανῶν πρέσβεις. καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν Γότθοι μὲν καὶ Ῥωμαῖοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο ἤδη, Βελισάριος δὲ οὐδέν τι ἧσσον ἐφύλασσε τοῦ μὴ τοὺς βαρβάρους τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐσκομίζεσθαι.

Dewing Thus spoke the envoys of Belisarius in their turn. As for Vittigis, after long conference with the noblest of the Goths, he gave his preference to the proposed treaty with the emperor, and sent away the envoys of the Germans unsuccessful. And from that time the Goths and the Romans began directly to carry on negotiations with each other, but Belisarius was no whit the less on his guard to prevent the barbarians from bringing in provisions for themselves.

Greek καὶ Βιτάλιον μὲν ἐς Βενετίους ἰόντα ὡς πλεῖστα ἐπάγεσθαι τῶν ἐκείνῃ χωρίων ἐκέλευεν, αὐτὸς δὲ Ἰλδίγερα πέμψας τὸν Πάδον ἐφύλασσεν ἑκατέρωθεν, ὅπως τε οἱ βάρβαροι μᾶλλον ἀπορίᾳ τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἐνδώσουσι καὶ τὰς ξυνθήκας ποιήσονται ᾗ αὐτὸς βούλεται.

Dewing Furthermore, he commanded Vitalius to go to Venetia and bring over as many of the towns of that region as possible, while he himself, with Ildiger, whom he had sent forward, was maintaining a guard over both banks of the Po, in order that the barbarians might yield more readily through lack of provisions and make the treaty as he himself wished.

Greek καὶ ἐπεὶ σῖτον πολὺν ἐν δημοσίοις οἰκήμασιν ἔτι ἐντὸς Ῥαβέννης ἀποκεῖσθαι ἔγνω, τῶν τινα ταύτῃ ᾠκημένων ἀνέπεισε χρήμασι ταῦτα δὴ τὰ οἰκήματα ξὺν τῷ σίτῳ λάθρα ἐμπρῆσαι.

Dewing And since he learned that a large amount of grain was still lying in storage in public warehouses inside Ravenna, he bribed one of the inhabitants of the city to set fire secretly to these same warehouses and destroy the grain with them.

Greek φασὶ δὲ καὶ γνώμῃ Ματασούνθης, τῆς Οὐιττίγιδος γυναικός, ταῦτα ἀπολωλέναι. ἐπειδή τε ὁ σῖτος ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου ἐκέκαυτο, οἱ μέν τινες ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς γεγενῆσθαι τὸ ἔργον ὑπετόπαζον, οἱ δὲ κεραυνῷ τὸν χῶρον βεβλῆσθαι ὑπώπτευον.

Dewing But they say that, in reality, it was by the will of Matasuntha, the wife of Vittigis, that they were destroyed. Now some few were led by the fact that the grain burned suddenly to believe that the thing had been carried out by a plot, but others suspected that the place had been struck by lightning.

Greek ἑκάτερα δὲ λογιζόμενοι Γότθοι τε καὶ Οὐίττιγις ἐς ἀμηχανίαν ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐνέπιπτον, οὐδὲ σφίσιν αὐτοῖς πιστεύειν τὸ λοιπὸν ἔχοντες καὶ πρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ πολεμεῖσθαι οἰόμενοι. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ταύτῃ ἐπράσσετο.

Dewing Still, whichever of the two views they took, both the Goths and Vittigis were, more than ever, plunged into a state of helplessness, unable as they were even to trust their own compatriots thereafter, and thinking that war was being waged against them by God Himself. Such was the course of these events.

Greek Ἐν δὲ Ἄλπεσιν αἳ Γάλλους τε καὶ Λιγούρους διορίζουσιν, ἅσπερ Ἄλπεις Κουτίας καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι, φρούρια συχνὰ ξυμβαίνει εἶναι.

Dewing Now there are numerous strongholds in the Alps which separate Gaul from Liguria, and which the Romans call the Cottian Alps.

Greek οὗ δὴ Γότθοι ἐκ παλαιοῦ πολλοί τε καὶ ἄριστοι, ξύν τε γυναιξὶ καὶ παισὶ τοῖς αὐτῶν ᾠκημένοι, φυλακὴν εἶχον, οὕσπερ ἐπεί οἱ βούλεσθαι Βελισάριος προσχωρεῖν ἤκουσε, τῶν οἱ ἑπομένων τινά, Θωμᾶν ὄνομα, ξὺν ὀλίγοις τισὶ παρ’ αὐτοὺς ἔπεμψεν, ἐφ’ ᾧ τὰ πιστὰ δόντες παραστήσονται ὁμολογίᾳ τοὺς ταύτῃ βαρβάρους.

Dewing These strongholds were garrisoned as had been the custom for many years, by many of the noblest of the Goths, who resided in them together with their wives and children; and when Belisarius heard that these garrisons wished to submit themselves to him, he sent to them one of his officers, Thomas by name, with some few men, with instructions to give pledges and accept the surrender of the barbarians there.

Greek καὶ αὐτοὺς ἐς τὰς Ἄλπεις ἀφικομένους Σίσιγις, ὃς τῶν ἐνταῦθα φυλακτηρίων ἦρχεν, ἑνὶ τῶν φρουρίων δεξάμενος, αὐτός τε προσεχώρησε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἑκάστους εἰς τοῦτο ἐνῆγεν.

Dewing And when they reached the Alps, Sisigis, who commanded the garrisons of that district, received them in one of the fortresses, and not only submitted himself but also urged each of the other commanders to do likewise.

Greek ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Οὐραΐας τετρακισχιλίους Λιγούρους τε κἀκ τῶν ἐν ταῖς Ἄλπεσι φρουρίων ἀπολεξάμενος, ἐπὶ Ῥάβενναν ὡς βοηθήσων κατὰ τάχος ᾔει.

Dewing Just at this time Uraias, who had selected four thousand Ligurians and men from the fortresses in the Alps, was moving with all speed toward Ravenna with the intention of relieving the city.

Greek οἵπερ ἐπειδὴ τὰ Σισίγιδι πεπραγμένα ἐπύθοντο, ἀμφὶ τοῖς οἰκείοις δεδιότες,

Dewing But when these men learned what had been done by Sisigis, they became fearful for their families and demanded that they should first go to them.

Greek ἐνταῦθα πρῶτον ἠξίουν ἰέναι. διὸ δὴ Οὐραΐας παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ἐς τὰς Ἄλπεις Κουτίας ἦλθε καὶ τὸν Σίσιγιν ξὺν τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὸν Θωμᾶν ἐπολιόρκει. ταῦτα Ἰωάννης τε, ὁ Βιταλιανοῦ ἀδελφιδοῦς, καὶ Μαρτῖνος πυθόμενοι ʽἀγχοτάτω γὰρ Πάδου ποταμοῦ ὄντες ἐτύγχανον’ κατὰ τάχος ἐβοήθουν παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ καὶ τῶν ἐν ταῖς Ἄλπεσι φρουρίων τισὶν ἐξ ἐπιδρομῆς ἐπισκήψαντες εἷλον, καὶ τοὺς ἐνταῦθα ᾠκημένους ἠνδραποδίσαντο, ἐν οἷς παῖδάς τε συχνοὺς καὶ γυναῖκας τῶν ὑπὸ τῷ Οὐραΐᾳ στρατευομένων ξυνεπεσεν εἶναι.

Dewing Consequently Uraias entered the Cottian Alps with his whole army, and laid siege to Sisigis and the force of Thomas. Now when John, the nephew of Vitalian, and Martinus learned of this situation (for they happened to be very near the Po), they came to the rescue as quickly as possible with their whole army; and by falling suddenly upon some of the fortresses in the Alps, they captured them and made slaves of their inhabitants, and a large number of these captives, as chance would have it, proved to be children and wives of the men who were serving under Uraias.

Greek πλεῖστοι γὰρ αὐτῶν ἐκ τούτων δὴ τῶν φρουρίων ὁρμώμενοι εἵποντο.

Dewing For the most of the men under his command were natives of these very fortresses.

Greek οἵπερ, ἐπεὶ ἁλῶναι τὰ σφέτερα αὐτῶν ἔμαθον, ἀποταξάμενοι τοῦ Γότθων στρατοπέδου ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου, τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὸν Ἰωάννην προσχωρεῖν ἔγνωσαν, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ Οὐραΐας οὔτε τι ἐνταῦθα ἀνύτειν οὔτε τοῖς ἐν Ῥαβέννῃ κινδυνεύουσι Γότθοις βοηθεῖν ἴσχυσεν, ἀλλὰ ἄπρακτος ἐς Λιγουρίαν ξὺν ὀλίγοις ἐλθὼν ἡσυχῆ ἔμενε. καὶ Βελισάριος κατ’ ἐξουσίαν Οὐίττιγίν τε καὶ Γότθων τοὺς δοκίμους ἐν Ῥαβέννῃ καθεῖρξε.

Dewing And when these men learned that their own homes had been captured they detached themselves suddenly from the army of the Goths having decided to go over to the troops under John, and as a result of this Uraias was able neither to accomplish anything there nor to bring assistance to the Goths endangered in Ravenna, but he returned unsuccessful with a few men to Liguria and remained quietly there. And Belisarius without interference held Vittigis and the nobles of the Goths confined in Ravenna.