第5巻 第13章

Greek Ἐπεὶ δὲ Θευδέριχος ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἠφάνιστο, Φράγγοι, οὐδενὸς σφίσιν ἔτι ἀντιστατοῦντος, ἐπὶ Θορίγγους ἐστράτευσαν, καὶ Ἑρμενέφριδόν τε τὸν αὐτῶν ἄρχοντα κτείνουσι καὶ αὐτοὺς ἅπαντας ὑποχειρίους ποιησάμενοι ἔσχον.

Dewing After Theoderic had departed from the world, the Franks, now that there was no longer anyone to oppose them, took the field against the Thuringians, and not only killed their leader Hermenefridus but also reduced to subjection the entire people.

Greek ἡ δὲ τοῦ Ἑρμενεφρίδου γυνὴ ξὺν τοῖς παισὶ λαθοῦσα παρὰ Θευδάτον τὸν ἀδελφόν, Γότθων τηνικαῦτα ἄρχοντα,

Dewing But the wife of Hermenefridus took her children and secretly made her escape, coming to Theodatus, her brother, who was at that time ruling over the Goths.

Greek ἦλθε. μετὰ δὲ Γερμανοὶ Βουργουζιώνων τε τοῖς περιοῦσιν ἐς χεῖρας ἦλθον καὶ μάχῃ νικήσαντες τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν ἄρχοντα ἔς τι τῶν ἐκείνῃ φρουρίων καθείρξαντες ἐν φυλακῇ εἶχον, αὐτοὺς δὲ κατηκόους ποιησάμενοι ξυστρατεύειν τὸ λοιπὸν σφίσιν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἅτε δορυαλώτους ἠνάγκαζον, καὶ τὴν χώραν ξύμπασαν ἣν Βουργουζίωνες τὰ πρότερα ᾤκουν, ὑποχειρίαν ἐς ἀπαγωγὴν φόρου ἐκτήσαντο.

Dewing After this the Germans made an attack upon the Burgundians who had survived the former war,⁠ and defeating them in battle confined their leader in one of the fortresses of the country and kept him under guard, while they reduced the people to subjection and compelled them, as prisoners of war, to march with them from that time forth against their enemies, and the whole land which the Burgundians had previously inhabited they made subject and tributary to themselves.

Greek Ἀμαλάριχός τε, ὃς ἦρχεν Οὐισιγότθων, ἐπεὶ ἐς ἀνδρὸς ἡλικίαν ἦλθε, δύναμιν τὴν Γερμανῶν κατορρωδήσας τὴν Θευδιβέρτου ἀδελφὴν τοῦ Γερμανῶν ἄρχοντος ἐν γαμετῆς ἐποιήσατο λόγῳ, καὶ Γαλλίαν πρός τε Γότθους καὶ τὸν ἀνεψιὸν Ἀταλάριχον ἐνείματο.

Dewing And Amalaric, who was ruling over the Visigoths, upon coming to man's estate, became thoroughly frightened at the power of the Germans and so took to wife the sister of Theudibert, ruler of the Germans, and divided Gaul with the Goths and his cousin Atalaric.

Greek τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἐντὸς Ῥοδανοῦ ποταμοῦ Γότθοι ἔλαχον, τὰ δὲ τούτου ἐκτὸς ἐς τὸ Οὐισιγότθων περιέστη κράτος.

Dewing The Goths, namely, received as their portion the land to the east of the Rhone River, while that to the west fell under the control of the Visigoths.

Greek ξυνέκειτο δὲ φόρον ὃν Θευδέριχος ἔταξε μηκέτι ἐς Γότθους κομίζεσθαι, καὶ χρήματα ὅσα ἐκεῖνος ἐκ Καρκασιανῆς πόλεως λαβὼν ἔτυχεν, Ἀταλάριχος Ἀμαλαρίχῳ ὀρθῶς καὶ δικαίως ἀπέδωκεν.

Dewing And it was agreed that the tribute which Theoderic had imposed should no longer be paid to the Goths, and Atalaric honestly and justly restored to Amalaric all the money which he had taken from the city of Carcasiana.

Greek ἐπεὶ δὲ ἄμφω τὰ ἔθνη ταῦτα ἐς τὸ κῆδος ἀλλήλοις ξυνελθόντα ἔτυχε, τὴν αἵρεσιν ἔδοσαν ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ, τὴν ἐγγύην ἐς θάτερον ἔθνος πεποιημένῳ, πότερον γυναικὶ ἕπεσθαι βούλοιτο, ἢ ἐκείνην ἐς γένος τὸ αὐτοῦ ἄγεσθαι.

Dewing Then, since these two nations had united with one another by intermarriage, they allowed each man who had espoused a wife of the other people to choose whether he wished to follow his wife, or bring her among his own people.

Greek ἦσαν δὲ πολλοὶ καὶ οἱ τὰς γυναῖκας ὅπη ἐβούλοντο ἄγοντες καὶ οἱ πρὸς γυναικῶν τῶν σφετέρων ἀγόμενοι.

Dewing And there were many who led their wives to the people they preferred and many also who were led by their wives.

Greek ὕστερον δὲ Ἀμαλάριχος, προσκεκρουκὼς τῷ τῆς γυναικὸς ἀδελφῷ, κακὸν μέγα ἔλαβε.

Dewing But later on Amalric, having given offence to his wife's brother, suffered a great calamity.

Greek δόξης γὰρ ὀρθῆς τὴν γυναῖκα οὖσαν, αἵρεσιν αὐτὸς τὴν Ἀρείου ἔχων, οὐκ εἴα νομίμοις τοῖς εἰωθόσι χρῆσθαι οὐδὲ κατὰ τὰ ἔθη τὰ πάτρια τὰ ἐς τὸ θεῖον ἐξοσιοῦσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ προσχωρεῖν τοῖς αὐτοῦ ἤθεσιν οὐκ ἐθέλουσαν ἐν πολλῇ ἀτιμίᾳ εἶχεν. ἅπερ ἐπεὶ οὐχ οἵα τε ἦν ἡ γυνὴ φέρειν, ἐς τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἐξήνεγκεν ἅπαντα.

Dewing For while his wife was of the orthodox faith, he himself followed the heresy of Arius, and he would not allow her to hold to her customary beliefs or to perform the rites of religion according to the tradition of her fathers, and, furthermore, because she was unwilling to conform to his customs, he held her in great dishonour. And since the woman was unable to bear this, she disclosed the whole matter to her mother.

Greek διὸ δὴ ἐς πόλεμον Γερμανοί τε καὶ Οὐισίγοτθοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους κατέστησαν. καὶ λίαν μὲν ἰσχυρὰ ἐγεγόνει ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἡ μάχη, τέλος δὲ ἡσσηθεὶς Ἀμαλάριχος τῶν τε οἰκείων πολλοὺς ἀποβάλλει καὶ αὐτὸς θνήσκει.

Dewing For this reason, then, the Germans and Visigoths entered into war with each other. And the battle which took place was for a long time very stoutly contested, but finally Amalric was defeated, losing many of his men, and was himself slain.

Greek Θευδίβερτος δὲ τήν τε ἀδελφὴν ξὺν πᾶσι χρήμασιν ἔλαβε καὶ Γαλλίας ὁπόσον Οὐισίγοτθοι λαχόντες εἶχον.

Dewing And Theudibert took his sister with all the money, and as much of Gaul as the Visigoths held as their portion.

Greek τῶν δὲ ἡσσημένων οἱ περιόντες ἐκ Γαλλίας ξὺν γυναιξί τε καὶ παισὶν ἀναστάντες παρὰ Θεῦδιν ἐς Ἱσπανίαν ἤδη ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς τυραννοῦντα ἐχώρησαν. οὕτω μὲν Γότθοι τε καὶ Γερμανοὶ Γαλλίας ἔσχον.

Dewing And the survivors of the vanquished migrated from Gaul with their wives and children and went to Theudis in Spain, who was already acting the tyrant openly. Thus did the Goths and Germans gain possession of Gaul.

Greek Χρόνῳ δὲ τῷ ὑστέρῳ Θευδάτος, ὁ τῶν Γότθων ἀρχηγός, ἐπειδὴ Βελισάριον εἰς Σικελίαν ἥκειν ἐπύθετο, ξυνθήκας πρὸς Γερμανοὺς ποιεῖται, ἐφ’ ᾧ ἔχοντάς τε αὐτοὺς τὴν Γότθοις ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἐν Γάλλοις μοῖραν καὶ χρυσίου κεντηνάρια λαβόντας εἴκοσι πόλεμον τόνδε σφίσι ξυνάρασθαι.

Dewing But at a later time⁠ Theodatus, the ruler of the Goths, upon learning that Belisarius had come to Sicily, made a compact with the Germans, in which it was agreed that the Germans should have that portion of Gaul which fell to the Goths, and should receive twenty centenaria⁠ of gold, and that in return they should assist the Goths in this war.

Greek οὔπω τε τὰ ξυγκείμενα ἔργῳ ἐπιτελέσας τὴν πεπρωμένην ἀνέπλησε. διὸ δὴ Γότθων πολλοί τε καὶ ἄριστοι ἐνταῦθα, ὦν Μαρκίας ἡγεῖτο,

Dewing But before he had as yet carried out the agreement he fulfilled his destiny. It was for this reason, then, that many of the noblest of the Goths, with Marcias as their leader, were keeping guard in Gaul.

Greek φυλακὴν εἶχον. οὓς Οὐίττιγις ἐνθένδε ἐξαναστῆσαι οὐχ οἷός τε ἦν, οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ Φράγγοις ἀντιτάξασθαι αὐτοὺς ᾤετο ἱκανοὺς ἔσεσθαι, Γαλλίαν τε καὶ Ἰταλίαν, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, καταθέουσιν, ἢν αὐτὸς τῷ παντὶ στρατῷ ἐς Ῥώμην ἐλάσῃ.

Dewing It was these men whom Vittigis was unable to recall from Gaul,⁠ and indeed he did not think them numerous enough even to oppose the Franks, who would, in all probability, overrun both Gaul and Italy, if he should march with his whole army against Rome.

Greek ξυγκαλέσας οὖν εἴ τι ἐν Γότθοις καθαρὸν ἦν, ἔλεξε τοιάδε· “Οὐχ ἡδεῖαν μέν, ἄνδρες ξυγγενεῖς, ἀναγκαίαν δὲ ὑμῖν παραίνεσιν ποιεῖσθαι βουλόμενος ἐνθάδε ὑμᾶς ἐν τῷ παρόντι συνήγαγον· ὅπως δὲ ἀκούσησθε μὲν πρᾴως, βουλεύσησθε δὲ τῶν παρόντων ἡμῖν ἐπαξίως.

Dewing He therefore called together all who were loyal among the Goths and spoke as follows: "The advice which I have wished to give you, fellow-countrymen, in bringing you together here at the present time, is not pleasant, but it is necessary; and do you hear me kindly, and deliberate in a manner befitting the situation which is upon us.

Greek οἷς γὰρ αἱ πράξεις οὐ κατὰ νοῦν χωροῦσι, τὸ μὴ πειθομένους τῇ ἀνάγκῃ ἢ τύχῃ οὕτω τὰ παρόντα διοικεῖσθαι ἀξύμφορον. τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα ἡμῖν ὡς ἄριστα ἐς τὸν πόλεμον παρασκευῆς ἔχει.

Dewing For when affairs do not go as men wish, it is inexpedient for them to go on with their present arrangements in disregard of necessity or fortune. Now in all other respects our preparations for war are in the best possible state.

Greek Φράγγοι δὲ ἡμῖν ἐμποδὼν ἵστανται, οἷς ἐκ παλαιοῦ πολεμίοις οὖσι, τοῖς τε σώμασι καὶ τοῖς χρήμασι δαπανώμενοι, ἀντέχειν ἐς τόδε ὅμως ἰσχύσαμεν, ἐπεὶ ἄλλο οὐδὲν ἡμῖν ἀπήντα πολέμιον.

Dewing But the Franks are an obstacle to us; against them, our ancient enemies, we have indeed been spending both our lives and our money, but nevertheless we have succeeded in holding our own up to the present time, since no other hostile force has confronted us.

Greek ἐφ’ ἑτέρους δὲ νῦν ἡμᾶς ἀναγκαζομένους ἰέναι τὸν πρὸς αὐτοὺς πόλεμον καταλύειν δεήσει, πρῶτον μὲν ὅτι, ἢν δυσμενεῖς ἡμῖν διαμείνωσι, μετὰ Βελισαρίου ἐφ’ ἡμᾶς τετάξονται πάντως.

Dewing But now that we are compelled to go against another foe, it will be necessary to put an end to the war against them, in the first place because, if they remain hostile to us, they will certainly array themselves with Belisarius against us;

Greek τοὺς γὰρ ἐχθρὸν τὸν αὐτὸν ἔχοντας ἀλλήλοις ἐς εὔνοιάν τε καὶ ξυμμαχίαν συνάπτεσθαι ἡ τῶν πραγμάτων εἰσηγεῖται φύσις.

Dewing for those who have the same enemy are by the very nature of things induced to enter into friendship and alliance with each other.

Greek ἔπειτα, ἢν καὶ πρὸς ἑκάτερον στρατόπεδον χωρὶς τὸν πόλεμον διενέγκωμεν, λελείψεται ἡμῖν ἀμφοτέρων ἡσσῆσθαι.

Dewing In the second place, even if we carry on the war separately against each army, we shall in the end be defeated by both of them.

Greek ἄμεινον οὖν ὀλίγῳ ἡμᾶς ἐλασσουμένους τὰ πλεῖστα τῆς ἀρχῆς διασώσασθαι, ἢ πάντα ἔχειν ἐφιεμένους ξὺν πάσῃ τῇ τῆς ἡγεμονίας δυνάμει πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων ἀπολωλέναι.

Dewing It is better, therefore, for us to accept a little less and thus preserve the greatest part of our kingdom, than in our eagerness to hold everything to be destroyed by the enemy and lose at the same time the whole power of our supremacy.

Greek οἶμαι τοίνυν ὡς, ἢν Γαλλίας τὰς σφίσιν ὁμόρους Γερμανοῖς δῶμεν, καὶ χρήματα ὅσα ξὺν τῇ χώρᾳ ταύτῃ Θευδάτος αὐτοῖς ὡμολόγησε δώσειν, οὐχ ὅσον ἀποτρέψονται τὸ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔχθος, ἀλλὰ καὶ πόλεμον ἡμῖν ξυλλήψονται τόνδε.

Dewing So my opinion is that if we give the Germans the provinces of Gaul which adjoin them, and together with this land all the money which Theodatus agreed to give them, they will not only be turned from their enmity against us, but will even lend us assistance in this war.

Greek ὅπως δὲ αὖθις, εὖ φερομένων τῶν πραγμάτων ἡμῖν, Γαλλίας ἀνακτησώμεθα, ὑμῶν διαλογιζέσθω μηδείς. ἐμὲ γάρ τις παλαιὸς εἰσέρχεται λόγος, τὸ παρὸν εὖ τιθέναι κελεύων.”

Dewing But as to how at a later time, when matters are going well for us, we may regain possession of Gaul, let no one of you consider this question. For an ancient saying⁠ comes to my mind, which bids us 'settle well the affairs of the present.' "

Greek Ταῦτα ἀκούσαντες οἱ Γότθων λόγιμοι, ξύμφορά τε οἰόμενοι αὐτὰ εἶναι, ἐπιτελῆ γενέσθαι ἤθελον. στέλλονται τοίνυν πρέσβεις αὐτίκα ἐς τὸ Γερμανῶν ἔθνος, ἐφ’ ᾧ Γαλλίας τε αὐτοῖς ξὺν τῷ χρυσῷ δώσουσι καὶ ὁμαιχμίαν ποιήσονται.

Dewing Upon hearing this speech the notables of the Goths, considering the plan advantageous, wished it to be put into effect. Accordingly envoys were immediately sent to the nation of the Germans, in order to give them the lands of Gaul together with the gold, and to make an offensive and defensive alliance.

Greek Φράγγων δὲ τότε ἡγεμόνες ἦσαν Ἰλδίβερτός τε καὶ Θευδίβερτος καὶ Κλοαδάριος, οἳ Γαλλίας τε καὶ τὰ χρήματα παραλαβόντες διενείμαντο μὲν κατὰ λόγον τῆς ἑκάστου ἀρχῆς, φίλοι δὲ ὡμολόγησαν Γότθοις ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ἔσεσθαι, καὶ λάθρα αὐτοῖς ἐπικούρους πέμψειν, οὐ Φράγγους μέντοι,

Dewing Now at that time the rulers of the Franks were Ildibert, Theudibert, and Cloadarius, and they received Gaul and the money, and divided the land among them according to the territory ruled by each one, and they agreed to be exceedingly friendly to the Goths, and secretly to send them auxiliary troops, not Franks, however, but soldiers drawn from the nations subject to them.

Greek ἀλλ’ ἐκ τῶν σφίσι κατηκόων ἐθνῶν. ὁμαιχμίαν γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς ἐπὶ τῷ Ῥωμαίων κακῷ ποιήσασθαι οὐχ οἷοί τε ἦσαν, ἐπεὶ ὀλίγῳ πρότερον βασιλεῖ ἐς τόνδε τὸν πόλεμον ξυλλήψεσθαι ὡμολόγησαν.

Dewing For they were unable to make an alliance openly with them against the Romans, because they had a little before agreed to assist the emperor in this war.

Greek οἱ μὲν οὖν πρέσβεις ἐφ’ οἷσπερ ἐστάλησαν διαπεπραγμένοι ἐπανῆκον ἐς Ῥάβενναν. τότε δὲ καὶ Μαρκίαν σὺν τοῖς ἑπομένοις Οὐίττιγις μετεπέμπετο.

Dewing So the envoys, having accomplished the mission on which they had been sent, returned to Ravenna. At that time also Vittigis summoned Marcias with his followers. The Loeb Editor's Notes: 1 i.e. the Goths: cf. § 5 above. ❦ 2 Chap. iii.1. ❦ 3 Cf. chap. v.3. ❦ 4 Cf. chap. v.5. ❦ 5 Chap. viii.22. ❦ 6 Near Terracina. ❦ 7 The name is made from decem and novem, "nineteen," apparently a late formation. The "river" was in reality a canal, extending from Appii Forum to Terracina. ❦ 8 Chap. iii.15. ❦ 9 Silverius was Pope 536‑537 A.D. ❦ 10 Book III.i.7. ❦ 11 i.e. equatorial Africa. ❦ 12 Cf. Book IV.xiii.29. ❦ 13 This vague statement is intended to describe the country, west of the Rhine, at that time a land of forests and swamps. ❦ 14 The people whom Procopius names Arborychi must be the Armorici. If so, they occupied the coast of what is now Belgium. ❦ 15 Now south-eastern Germany. ❦ 16 Now south-eastern France. ❦ 17 Between the Germans and Burgundians. ❦ 18 In modern Bavaria. ❦ 19 i.e. west of the Rhone. ❦ 20 i.e. the Visigoths. ❦ 21 i.e. under a recognised imperial dynasty. ❦ 22 In Gallia Narbonensis, modern Carcassonne. Procopius has been misled. The battle here described was fought in the neighbourhood of Poitiers. ❦ 23 Cf. Book III.11.14‑24. ❦ 24 At the capture of Jerusalem by Titus in 70 A.D. The treasures here mentioned were removed from Rome in 410 A.D. The remainder of the Jewish treasure formed part of the spoil of Gizeric, the Vandal. Cf. Book IV.ix.5 and note. ❦ 25 Cf. chap. xii.24 ff. ❦ 26 Procopius resumes his narrative, which was interrupted by the digression beginning in chap. xii. ❦ 27 Cf. Book I.xxii.4; III.vi.2 and note. ❦ 28 Cf. chap. xi.28. ❦ 29 Cf. Thuc. I.35, θέσθαι τὸ παρόν, "to deal with the actual situation"; Hor. Od. III.29.32, "quod adest memento | Componere." Thayer's Note: a We all know, or think we know, that one Roman mile was equal to 8 stadia. Here we have another proof (among many) that the equivalence was neither exact nor fixed. While the customary 8 stadia = 1 mile is often a satisfactory approximation, there is no exact conversion, since the units belong to different systems; and the conversion varies depending on the period, the place, and the writer. Here, assuming no manuscript corruption in the number of stadia, Procopius puts 1 mile at about 5.9 stadia. Since the Roman mile is firmly known to correspond to 1481 m, the stadion here would represent about 250 meters; this figure is an outlier across all of ancient literature. Mind you, a cardinal rule in the study of ancient texts is this: If you don't like what you read, emend. So: here we could plausibly emend by supposing that in a previous manuscript somewhere along the line (that might not have written the numbers out in full) a copyist read ρν´ — the round figure 150 — and miscopied it as ριγ´, 113. A figure of 150 stadia would put the stadion at 7.89 to the mile. Procopius does give us distance figures in stadia elsewhere, from which one would think we could determine the length of his stadion; but his figures are for the most part wrong, or yield widely varying equivalences: to sum up, no inference can be made, his equivalences ranging, when it can be determined, from the outlier here (5.9) to the equally preposterous 17½ stadia to the mile, with most of them higher than the commonly cited 8. For a typical difficulty, see V.26.4 and my note there; for the details, see my notes to Anecdota II.24; Buildings II.4.1; B. V. I.1.17; B. V. I.17.17 and my note there; B. G. I.1.15, 14.3, 17.6, 26.4, II.3.4, 4.7, 13.7, 23.6, 23.7. ◂ previous next ▸ Images with borders lead to more information. The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.) UP TO: Gothic Wars Ancient Military History Military History Home Procopius Greek & Latin Texts LacusCurtius A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer. See my copyright page for details and contact information. Page updated: 28 Sep 20 Accessibility