第4巻 第6章

Greek Φάρας δὲ τῇ προσεδρείᾳ ἤδη ἄλλως τε καὶ χειμῶνος ὥρᾳ ἀχθόμενος, ἅμα δὲ καὶ οὐκ ἂν οἰόμενος οἵους τε εἶναι τοὺς ἐκείνῃ Μαυρουσίους ἐμποδὼν σφίσι στήσεσθαι, τῇ ἐς Παπούαν ἀναβάσει ξὺν προθυμίᾳ πολλῇ ἐπεχείρησεν. ἅπαντας μὲν οὖν εὖ μάλα ἐξοπλίσας τοὺς ἑπομένους ἀνέβαινε.

Dewing But Pharas, having by this time become weary of the siege for many reasons, and especially because of the winter season, and at the same time thinking that the Moors there would not be able to stand in his way, undertook the ascent of Papua with great zeal. Accordingly he armed all his followers very carefully and began the ascent.

Greek βεβοηθηκότων δὲ τῶν Μαυρουσίων ἅτε ἐν χωρίῳ ἀνάντει τε καὶ λίαν δυσβάτῳ, ἡ κωλύμη εὐπετῶς ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀνιόντας ἐγίνετο.

Dewing But the Moors rushed to the defence, and since they were on ground which was steep and very hard to traverse, their efforts to hinder those making the ascent were easily accomplished.

Greek καρτερῶς δὲ τοῦ Φάρα βιαζομένου τὴν ἄνοδον, δέκα μὲν καὶ ἑκατὸν τῶν ἀμφ’ αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ τούτῳ ἀπέθανον, αὐτὸς δὲ ξὺν τοῖς ἐπιλοίποις ἀποκρουσθεὶς ἀνεχώρησε, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ἀποπειράσασθαι μὲν τῆς ἀνόδου, ἀντιστατοῦντος τοῦ πράγματος, οὐκέτι ἐτόλμα, φυλακὴν δὲ κατεσπουδας μένην, ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα, κατεστήσατο, ὅπως οἱ πιεζόμενοι τῷ λιμῷ οἱ ἐν Παπούᾳ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐγχειρισειαν, καὶ οὔτε ἀποδιδράσκειν αὐτοῖς ἐνεδίδου οὔτε τι τῶν ἔξωθεν ἐς αὐτοὺς φέρεσθαι.

Dewing But Pharas fought hard to force the ascent, and one hundred and ten of his men perished in this struggle, and he himself with the remainder was beaten back and retired; and as a result of this he did not dare to attempt the ascent again, since the situation was against him, but he established as careful a guard as possible, in order that those on Papua, being pressed by hunger, might surrender themselves; and he neither permitted them to run away nor anything to be brought in to them from outside.

Greek ἔνθα δὴ τῷ τε Γελίμερι καὶ τοῖς ἀμφ’ αὐτὸν ἀδελφιδοῖς τε καὶ ἀνεψιαδοῖς οὖσι καὶ ἄλλοις εὖ γεγονόσι ξυνέπεσε κακοπαθείᾳ χρῆσθαι ἥν, ὅπως ποτὲ εἴποι τις, οὐκ ἂν ὁμοίως τοῖς πράγμασι φράζοι.

Dewing Then, indeed, it came about that Gelimer and those about him, who were nephews and cousins of his and other persons of high birth, experienced a misery which no one could describe, however eloquent he might be, in a way which would equal the facts.

Greek ἐθνῶν γὰρ ἁπάντων ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴσμεν ἁβρότατον μὲν τὸ τῶν Βανδίλων, ταλαιπωρότατον δὲ τὸ Μαυρουσίων τετύχηκεν εἶναι.

Dewing For of all the nations which we know that of the Vandals is the most luxurious, and that of the Moors the most hardy.

Greek οἱ μὲν γάρ, ἐξ ὅτου Λιβύην ἔσχον, βαλανείοις τε οἱ ξύμπαντες ἐπεχρῶντο ἐς ἡμέραν ἑκάστην καὶ τραπέζῃ ἅπασιν εὐθηνούσῃ ὅσα δὴ γῆ τε καὶ θάλασσα ἥδιστά τε καὶ ἄριστα φέρει.

Dewing For the Vandals, since the time when they gained possession of Libya, used to indulge in baths, all of them, every day, and enjoyed a table abounding in all things, the sweetest and best that the earth and sea produce.

Greek ἐχρυσοφόρουν δὲ ὡς ἐπὶ πλεῖστον, καὶ Μηδικὴν ἐσθῆτα, ἣν νῦν Σηρικὴν καλοῦσιν, ἀμπεχόμενοι, ἔν τε θεάτροις καὶ ἱπποδρομίοις καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ εὐπαθείᾳ, καὶ πάντων μάλιστα κυνηγεσίοις τὰς διατριβὰς ἐποιοῦντο.

Dewing And they wore gold very generally, and clothed themselves in the Medic garments, which now they call "seric,"⁠ and passed their time, thus dressed, in theatres and hippodromes and in other pleasureable pursuits, and above all else in hunting.

Greek καὶ σφίσιν ὀρχησταὶ καὶ μῖμοι ἀκούσματά τε συχνὰ καὶ θεάματα ἦν, ὅσα μουσικά τε καὶ ἄλλως ἀξιοθέατα ξυμβαίνει ἐν ἀνθρώποις εἶναι.

Dewing And they had dancers and mimes and all other things to hear and see which are of a musical nature or otherwise merit attention among men.

Greek καὶ ᾤκηντο μὲν αὐτῶν οἱ πολλοὶ ἐν παραδείσοις, ὑδάτων καὶ δένδρων εὖ ἔχουσι· ξυμπόσια δὲ ὅτι πλεῖστα ἐποίουν, καὶ ἔργα τὰ ἀφροδίσια πάντα αὐτοῖς ἐν μελέτῃ πολλῇ ἤσκητο.

Dewing And the most of them dwelt in parks, which were well supplied with water and trees; and they had great numbers of banquets, and all manner of sexual pleasures were in great vogue among them.

Greek Μαυρούσιοι δὲ οἰκοῦσι μὲν ἐν πνιγηραῖς καλύβαις, χειμῶνί τε καὶ θέρους ὥρᾳ καὶ ἄλλῳ τῷ ξύμπαντι χρόνῳ, οὔτε χιόσιν οὔτε ἡλίου θέρμῃ ἐνθένδε οὔτε ἄλλῳ ὁτῳοῦν ἀναγκαίῳ κακῷ ἐξιστάμενοι.

Dewing But the Moors live in stuffy huts⁠ both in winter and in summer and at every other time, never removing from them either because of snow or the heat of the sun or any other discomfort whatever due to nature.

Greek καθεύδουσι δὲ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς κώδιον οἱ εὐδαίμονες αὑτοῖς, ἂν οὕτω τύχοι, ὑποστρωννύντες.

Dewing And they sleep on the ground, the prosperous among them, if it should so happen, spreading a fleece under themselves.

Greek ἱμάτια δὲ σφίσιν οὐ ξυμμεταβάλλειν ταῖς ὥραις νόμος, ἀλλὰ τριβώνιόν τε ἁδρὸν καὶ χιτῶνα τραχὺν ἐς καιρὸν ἅπαντα ἐνδιδύσκονται.

Dewing Moreover, it is not customary among them to change their clothing with the seasons, but they wear a thick cloak and a rough shirt at all times.

Greek ἔχουσι δὲ οὔτε ἄρτον οὔτε οἶνον οὔτε ἄλλο οὐδὲν ἀγαθόν, ἀλλὰ τὸν σῖτον, ἢ τὰς ὀλύρας τε καὶ κριθάς, οὔτε ἕψοντες οὔτε ἐς ἄλευρα ἢ ἄλφιτα ἀλοῦντες οὐδὲν ἀλλοιότερον ἢ τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ἐσθίουσι.

Dewing And they have neither bread nor wine nor any other good thing, but they take grain, either wheat or barley, and, without boiling it or grinding it to flour or barley-meal, they eat it in a manner not a whit different from that of animals.

Greek τοιούτοις δὴ οὖσι τοῖς Μαυρουσίοις οἱ ἀμφὶ τὸν Γελίμερα συχνὸν ξυνοικήσαντες χρόνον τήν τε ξυνειθισμένην αὐτοῖς δίαιταν ἐς τοῦτο ταλαιπωρίας μεταβαλόντες, ἐπειδὴ καὶ αὐτὰ σφᾶς τὰ ἀναγκαῖα ἤδη ἐπιλελοίπει, οὐκέτι ἀντεῖχον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τεθνάναι αὐτοῖς ἥδιστον καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν ἥκιστα αἰσχρὸν ἐνομίζετο.

Dewing Since the Moors, then, were of a sort, the followers of Gelimer, after living with them for a long time and changing their accustomed manner of life to such a miserable existence, when at last even the necessities of life had failed, held out no longer, but death was thought by them most sweet and slavery by no means disgraceful.

Greek Ὧν δὴ Φάρας αἰσθόμενος γράφει πρὸς Γελίμερα τάδε· “Εἰμὶ μὲν καὶ αὐτὸς βάρβαρος καὶ γραμμάτων τε καὶ λόγων οὔτε ἐθὰς οὔτε ἄλλως ἔμπειρος γέγονα.

Dewing Now when this was learned by Pharas, he wrote to Gelimer as follows: "I too am a barbarian and not accustomed to writing and speaking, nor am I skilful in these matters.

Greek ὅσα δέ με ἄνθρωπον ὄντα εἰδέναι ἀνάγκη, ἐκ τῆς τῶν πραγμάτων φύσεως ἐκμαθὼν ἔγραψα.

Dewing But that which I am forced as a man to know, having learned from the nature of things, this I am writing you.

Greek τί ποτε ἄρα πεπονθώς, ὦ φίλε Γελίμερ, οὐ σαυτὸν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ξύμπαν τὸ σὸν γένος ἐς τὸ βάραθρον τοῦτο ἐμβέβληκας. ὅπως δηλαδὴ μὴ γένοιο δοῦλος;

Dewing What in the land has happened to you, my dear Gelimer, that you have cast, not yourself alone, but your whole family besides, into this pit? Is it, forsooth, that you may avoid becoming a slave?

Greek πάντως γάρ σε καὶ νεανιεύεσθαι τοῦτο οἶμαι, καὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν προΐσχεσθαι, ὡς δὴ ἅπαντα ταύτης τὰ μοχθηρὰ ἀνταλλάσσεσθαι ἄξιον.

Dewing But this is assuredly nothing but youthful folly, and making of 'liberty' a mere shibboleth, as though liberty were worth possessing at the price of all this misery!

Greek εἶτα νῦν Μαυρουσίων τοῖς γε ἀτυχεστάτοις οὐκ οἴει δουλεύειν, ὃς τὴν ἐλπίδα τοῦ σώζεσθαι, ἢν τὰ κράτιστα φέρῃ, ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς ἔχεις;

Dewing And, after all, do you not consider that you are, even now, a slave to the most wretched of the Moors, since your only hope of being saved, if the best happens, is in them?

Greek καίτοι πῶς ἂν οὐχὶ τῷ παντὶ ἄμεινον εἴη δουλεύειν ἐν Ῥωμαίοις πτωχεύοντα ἢ τυραννεῖν ἐν Παπούᾳ τε καὶ Μαυρουσίοις;

Dewing And yet why would it not be better in every way to be a slave among the Romans and beggared, than to be monarch on Mount Papua with Moors as your subjects?

Greek πάντως δέ σοι καὶ τὸ ξυνδούλῳ Βελισαρίῳ εἶναι ὑπερβολή τις ὕβρεως φαίνεται.

Dewing But of course it seems to you the very height of disgrace even to be a fellow slave with Belisarius!

Greek ἄπαγε, ὦ βέλ τιστε Γελίμερ. ἢ οὐ καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐξ εὐπατριδῶν γεγονότες βασιλεῖ νῦν ὑπηρετεῖν αὐχοῦμεν; καὶ μὴν λέγουσιν Ἰουστινιανῷ βασιλεῖ βουλομένῳ εἶναι ἔς τε βουλὴν ἀνάγραπτόν σε ποιήσασθαι, τιμῆς μεταλαχόντα τῆς ἀνωτάτω, ἣν δὴ πατρικίων καλοῦσι, καὶ χώρᾳ πολλῇ τε καὶ ἀγαθῇ καὶ χρήμασι μεγάλοις δωρήσασθαι, Βελισάριόν τε ἐθέλειν ἀναδέχεσθαι πάντα ταῦτα ἔσεσθαί σοι, πίστεις διδόντα.

Dewing Away with the thought, most excellent Gelimer. Are not we,⁠ who also are born of noble families, proud that we are now in the service of an emperor? And indeed they say that it is the wish of the Emperor Justinian to have you enrolled in the senate, thus sharing in the highest honour and being a patrician, as we term that rank, and to present you with lands both spacious and good and with great sums of money, and that Belisarius is willing to make himself responsible for your having all these things, and to give you pledges.

Greek σὺ δὲ ὅσα μὲν ἡ τύχη μοχθηρὰ ἤνεγκε, φέρειν γενναίως οἷός τε εἶ πάντα τὰ ἐνθένδε ἀνθρώπῳ γε ὄντι ἀναγκαῖα εἶναι οἰόμενος.

Dewing Now as for all the miseries which fortune has brought you, you are able to bear with fortitude whatever comes from her, knowing that you are but a man and that these things are inevitable;

Greek ἢν δέ τινι ἀγαθῷ τὰ δυσχερῆ ταῦτα ξυγκεραννύειν βεβούλευται, τοῦτο δὲ αὐτὸς ἐθελούσιος δέξασθαι οὐκ ἂν ἀξιοίης; ἢ οὐχ ὁμοίως τοῖς φλαύροις ἀναγκαῖά γε ἡμῖν καὶ τὰ παρὰ τῆς τύχης ἀγαθὰ λογιστέον; ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν οὐδὲ τοῖς σφόδρα ἀνοήτοις δοκεῖ.

Dewing but if fortune has purposed to temper these adversities with some admixture of good, would you of yourself refuse to accept this gladly? Or should we consider that the good gifts of fortune are not just as inevitable as are her undesirable gifts? Yet such is not the opinion of even the utterly senseless;

Greek σοὶ δὲ νῦν μὲν βεβαπτισμένῳ ταῖς ξυμφοραῖς, ἀξυνέτῳ, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, συμβαίνει εἶναι·

Dewing but you, it would seem, have now lost your good judgment, steeped as you are in misfortunes. Indeed, discouragement is wont to confound the mind and to be transferred to folly.

Greek ἀθυμία γὰρ ἐκπλήξασα εἰς ἀβουλίαν τρέπεσθαι πέφυκεν· ἢν δὲ φέρειν τὴν διάνοιαν τὴν σαυτοῦ δύναιο καὶ μὴ πρὸς τύχην μεταβαλλομένην ἀγανακτεῖν, παρέσται σοι αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα τά τε ξύμφορα ἑλέσθαι ἅπαντα καὶ τῶν ἐπικειμένων ἀπηλλάχθαι κακῶν.”

Dewing If, however, you can bear your own thoughts and refrain from rebelling against fortune when she changes, it will be possible at this very moment for you to choose that which will be wholly to your advantage, and to escape from the evils which hang over you."

Greek Ταῦτα Γελίμερ τὰ γράμματα ἀναλεξάμενος ἀποκλαύσας τε δεινῶς ἀντέγραψεν ὧδε· “Καὶ τῆς ξυμβουλῆς ἥν μοι ἐποιήσω πολλὴν ἔχω σοι χάριν καὶ πολεμίῳ ἀδικοῦντι δουλεύειν οὐκ ἀνεκτὸν οἶμαι, παρ’ οὗ ἂν δίκην εὐξαίμην λαβεῖν, εἴ μοι ὁ θεὸς ἵλεως εἴη, ὅς γε οὐδὲν πώποτε ἄχαρι πρὸς ἐμοῦ οὔτε ἔργῳ παθὼν οὔτε λόγῳ ἀκούσας πολέμῳ μὲν αἰτίαν οὐκ ἔχοντι παρέσχετο σκῆψιν, ἐμὲ δὲ ἐς τοῦτο μετήνεγκε τύχης, Βελισάριον οὐκ οἶδα ὅθεν ἐπενεγκών.

Dewing When Gelimer had read this letter and wept bitterly over it, he wrote in reply as follows: "I am both deeply grateful to you for the advice which you have given me and I also think it unbearable to be a slave to an enemy who wrongs me, from whom I should pray God to exact justice, if He should be propitious to me,—an enemy who, though he had never experienced any harm from me either in deeds which he suffered or in words which he heard, provided a pretext for a war which was unprovoked, and reduced me to this state of misfortune, bringing Belisarius against me from I know not where.

Greek καίτοι καὶ αὐτῷ ἀνθρώπῳ γε ὄντι, καὶ βασιλεῖ οὐδὲν ἀπεικὸς ξυμβήσεσθαί τι ὧν οὐκ ἂν ἕλοιτο.

Dewing And yet it is not at all unlikely that he also, since he is but a man, though he be emperor too, may have something befall him which he would not choose.

Greek ἐγὼ μέντοι περαιτέρω τι γράφειν οὐκ ἔχω. ἀφείλετο γάρ με τὴν ἔννοιαν ἡ παροῦσα τύχη.

Dewing But as for me, I am not able to write further. For my present misfortune has robbed me of my thoughts.

Greek ἀλλὰ χαῖρέ μοι, ὦ φίλε Φάρα, καί μοι κιθάραν τε καὶ ἄρτον

Dewing Farewell, then, dear Pharas, and sent down me a lyre and one loaf of bread and a sponge, I pray you."

Greek ἕνα καὶ σπόγγον δεομένῳ πέμπε.” ταῦτα ἐπεὶ ἀπενεχθέντα ὁ Φάρας ἔγνω, χρόνον δή τινα διηπορεῖτο τῆς ἐπιστολῆς τὸ ἀκροτελεύτιον συμβαλεῖν οὐκ ἔχων, ἕως οἱ ὁ ταύτην κομίσας ἔφρασεν ὡς ἄρτου μὲν ἑνὸς δέοιτο Γελίμερ, ἐπιθυμῶν ἐς θέαν τε αὐτοῦ ἀφικέσθαι καὶ βρῶσιν, ἐπεὶ ἐξ οὗ ἐς Παπούαν ἀναβέβηκεν, οὐδένα που ἄρτον ὠπτημένον εἶδε.

Dewing When this reply was read by Pharas, he was at a loss for some time, being unable to understand the final words of the letter, until he who had brought the letter explained that Gelimer desired one loaf because he was eager to enjoy the sight of it and to eat it, since from the time when he went up upon Papua he had not seen a single baked loaf.

Greek σπόγγος δέ οἱ ἀναγκαῖος εἴη· τοῖν γάρ οἱ ὀφθαλμοῖν ἅτερος, τραχυνόμενος τῇ ἀλουσίᾳ, ἐς ἄγαν ἐπῆρται.

Dewing A sponge also was necessary for him; for one of his eyes, becoming irritated by lack of washing, was greatly swollen.

Greek κιθαριστῇ δὲ ἀγαθῷ ὄντι ᾠδή τις αὐτῷ ἐς ξυμφορὰν τὴν παροῦσαν πεποίηται, ἣν δὴ πρὸς κιθάραν θρηνῆσαί τε καὶ ἀποκλαῦσαι ἐπείγεται.

Dewing And being a skilfull harpist he had composed an ode relating to his present misfortune, which he was eager to consequent to the accompaniment of a lyre while he wept out his soul.

Greek ταῦτα ἀκούσας Φάρας περιαλγήσας τε καὶ τύχην τὴν ἀνθρωπείαν ἀπολοφυράμενος κατὰ τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐποίει καὶ πάντα ἔπεμπεν ὅσων αὐτοῦ ἔχρῃζε Γελίμερ. τῆς μέντοι προσεδρείας οὐδὲν μεθιεὶς ἐφύλασσε μᾶλλον ἢ πρότερον.

Dewing When Pharas heard this, he was deeply moved, and lamenting the fortune of men, he did as was written and sent all the things which Gelimer desired of him. However he relaxed the siege not a whit, but kept watch more closely than before.