第4巻 第20章

Greek Ἐλθόντες δὲ ἐς Τοῦμαρ τὸν χῶρον, οὗ δὴ καθείρξαντες σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἡσύχαζον οἱ πολέμιοι, ἄγχι που ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο ἐν δυσχωρίᾳ, ἔνθα οὔτε ὕδατος ὄτι μὴ ὀλίγου οὔτε ἀλλου του ἀναγκαίου ἐν εὐπορίᾳ ἔσεσθαι ἔμελλον.

Dewing And coming to the pl Toumar, where the enemy had shut themselves in and were remaining quiet, they encamped near by in a bad position, where there would be no supply of water, except a little, nor any other necessary thing.

Greek χρόνου δὲ τριβομένου συχνοῦ τῶν τε βαρβάρων οὐδαμῶς σφίσιν ἐπεξιόντων, αὐτοὶ οὐδέν τι ἧσσον, εἰ μὴ καὶ μᾶλλον, τῇ προσεδρείᾳ πιεζόμενοι ἤσχαλλον.

Dewing And after much time had been spent and the barbarians did not come out against them at all, they themselves, no less than the enemy, if not even more, were hard pressed by the siege and began to be impatient.

Greek μάλιστα δὲ πάντων τῇ τοῦ ὕδατος ἀπορίᾳ ἤχθοντο, ὃ δὴ αὐτὸς Σολόμων ἐφύλασσε, καὶ ἄλλο οὐδὲν ἐς ἡμέραν ἐδίδου, πλήν γε δὴ ὅτι κύλικα μίαν ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ.

Dewing And more than anything else, they were distressed by the lack of water; this Solomon himself guarded, giving each day no more than a single cupful to each man.

Greek ὡς δὲ αὐτοὺς εἶδε δυσανασχετοῦντάς τε ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς καὶ τὰ παρόντα δυσχερῆ φέρειν οὐκέτι οἵους τε ὄντας, ἀποπειρᾶσθαί τε τοῦ χωρίου, καίπερ δυσπροσόδου ὄντος, διενοεῖτο καὶ ξυγκαλέσας ἅπαντας παρεκελεύσατο ὧδε·

Dewing And since he saw that they were openly discontented and no longer able to bear their present hardships, he planned to make trial of the place, although it was difficult of access, and called all together and exhorted them as follows:

Greek “Ἐπειδὴ δέδωκεν ὁ θεὸς Ῥωμαίοις ἐν Αὐρασίῳ Μαυρουσίους πολιορκεῖν, πρᾶγμα πρότερόν τε κρεῖσσον ἐλπίδος καὶ νῦν τοῖς γε οὐχ ὁρῶσι τὰ δρώμενα παντελῶς ἄπιστον, ἀναγκαῖον καὶ ἡμᾶς τῇ ἄνωθεν ὑπουργοῦντας ἐπικουρίᾳ ταύτην δὴ μὴ καταπροδιδόναι τὴν χάριν, ἀλλ’ ὑφισταμένους σὺν προθυμίᾳ τὸν κίνδυνον τῶν ἐκ τοῦ κατορθώσειν εὐτυχημάτων ἐφίεσθαι.

Dewing "Since God has granted to the Romans to besiege the Moors on Aurasium, a thing which hitherto has been beyond hope and now, to such as do not see what is actually background, is altogether incredible, it is necessary that we too should lend our aid to the help that has come from above, and not prove false to this favour, but undergoing the danger with enthusiasm, should reach after the good fortune which is to come from success.

Greek ὡς πᾶσα μὲν τῶν ἀνθρωπείων πραγμάτων ῥοπὴ ἐς τοῦ καιροῦ τὴν ἀκμὴν περιίσταται· ἢν δέ τις ἐθελοκακήσας προδιδοίη τὴν τύχην, οὐκ ἂν αὐτὴν αἰτιῷτο δικαίως, αὐτὸς ἐφ’ ἑαυτῷ τὴν αἰτίαν πεποιημένος.

Dewing For in every case the turning of the scales of human affairs depends upon the moment of opportunity; but if a man, by wilful cowardice, is traitor to his fortune, he cannot journey blame it, having by his own action brought the guilt upon himself.

Greek Μαυρουσίων μὲν τὴν ἀσθένειαν ὁρᾶτε δήπου καὶ τὸ χωρίον οὗ δὴ πάντων ἀπολελειμμένοι τῶν ἀναγκαίων καθείρξαντες αὑτοὺς τηροῦσιν.

Dewing Now as for the Moors, you see their weakness surely and the place in which they have shut themselves up and are keeping guard, deprived of all the necessities of life.

Greek ὑμᾶς δὲ δυοῖν ἀνάγκη τὸ ἕτερον, ἢ τῇ προσεδρείᾳ μηδαμῶς ἀχθομένους τὴν τῶν πολεμίων ὁμολογίαν προσδέχεσθαι, ἢ πρὸς ταύτην ὀλιγωροῦντας τὴν μετὰ τοῦ κινδύνου προσίεσθαι νίκην.

Dewing And as for you, one of two things is necessary, either without feeling any vexation at the siege to await the surrender of the enemy, or, if you shrink from this, to accept the victory which goes with the danger.

Greek μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ τὸ πολεμεῖν πρὸς τούσδε ἡμῖν τοὺς βαρβάρους ἀκίνδυνον ἔσται, οὓς δὴ τῷ λιμῷ μαχομένους ἤδη οὔποτε ἡμῖν οὐδὲ εἰς χεῖρας ἀφίξεσθαι οἶμαι. ἅπερ ἐν τῷ παρόντι ὑμᾶς ἐν νῷ ἔχοντας ἅπαντα προσήκει προθύμως τὰ παραγγελλόμενα ἐκτελεῖν.”

Dewing And fighting against these barbarians will be the more free from danger for us, inasmuch as they are already fighting with hunger and I think typical never even come to an engagement with us. Having these things in mind at the present time, it behoves you to execute all your orders with eagerness."

Greek Τοσαῦτα Σολόμων παρακελευσάμενος διεσκοπεῖτο ὅθεν ἂν σφίσι τοῦ χωρίου πειράσασθαι ἄμεινον εἴη, ἀπορουμένῳ τε ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐῴκει.

Dewing After Solomon had made this exhortation, he looked about to see from what point it would be best for his men to make an attempt on the place, and for a long time he seemed to be in perplexity. For the difficult nature of the ground seemed to him weight too much force contend with.

Greek λίαν γάρ οἱ ἄμαχός τις ἡ δυσχωρία ἐφαίνετο. ἐν ᾦ δὲ Σολόμων ταῦτα ἐν νῷ ἐποιεῖτο, ἡ τύχη ὁδόν τινα τοῖς πράγμασιν ἐπορίσατο τήνδε.

Dewing But while Solomon was considering this, chance provided a way for the enterprise as follows.

Greek Γέζων ἦν τις ἐν τοῖς στρατιώταις πεζός, τοῦ καταλόγου ὀπτίων εἰς ὃν αὐτὸς ἀνεγέγραπτο· οὕτω γὰρ τὸν τῶν συντάξεων χορηγὸν καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι.

Dewing There was a certain Gezon in the army, a foot-soldier, "optio"⁠ of the detachment to which Solomon belonged; for thus the Romans call the paymaster.

Greek οὗτος ὁ Γέζων, εἴτε παίζων εἴτε θυμῷ χρώμενος, ἢ καί τι αὐτὸν θεῖον ἐκίνησεν, ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἰέναι δοκῶν ἀνέβαινε μόνος καὶ αὐτοῦ μικρὸν ἄποθεν τῶν τινες ξυστρατιωτῶν ᾔεσαν, ἐν θαύματι πολλῷ ποιούμενοι τὰ γινόμενα.

Dewing This Gezon, either in play or in anger, or perhaps even moved by some divine impulse, began to make the ascent alone, apparently going against the enemy, and not far from him went some of his fellow-soldiers, marvelling great at what he was doing.

Greek ὑποτοπήσαντες δὲ Μαυρουσίων τρεῖς οἳ ἐς τὸ φυλάσσειν τὴν εἴσοδον ἐτετάχατο ἐπὶ σφᾶς ἰέναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἀπήντων δρόμῳ.

Dewing And three of the Moors, who had been stationed to guard the approach, suspecting that the man was coming against them, went on the run to confront him.

Greek ἅτε δὲ ἐν στενοχωρίᾳ οὐ ξυντεταγμένοι ἐβάδιζον, ἀλλὰ χωρὶς ἕκαστος ᾔει.

Dewing But since they were in a narrow way, they did not proceed in orderly array, but each one went separately.

Greek παίσας δὲ τὸν πρῶτόν οἱ ἐντυχόντα ὁ Γέζων ἔκτεινεν, οὕτω δὲ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἑκάτερον διειργάσατο.

Dewing And Gezon struck the first one who came upon him and killed him, and in this way he despatched each of the others.

Greek ὃ δὴ κατιδόντες οἱ ὄπισθεν ἰόντες πολλῷ θορύβῳ τε καὶ ταραχῇ ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἐχώρουν.

Dewing And when those in the rear perceived this, they advanced with much shouting and tumult against the enemy.

Greek ὡς δὲ τὰ δρώμενα ἤκουσέ τε καὶ εἶδεν ἡ Ῥωμαίων στρατιὰ ξύμπασα, οὔτε τὸν στρατηγὸν ἀναμείναντες τῆς πορείας σφίσιν ἡγήσασθαι οὔτε τὰς σάλπιγγας τὴν ξυμβολὴν σημῆναι, καθάπερ εἴθιστο, οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ τὴν τάξιν φυλάσσοντες, ἀλλὰ πατάγῳ τε πολλῷ χρώμενοι καὶ ἀλλήλοις ἐγκελευόμενοι ἔθεον ἐπὶ τὸ τῶν πολεμίων στρατόπεδον.

Dewing And when the whole Roman army both heard and saw what was being done, without waiting either for the general to lead the way for them or for the trumpets to give the signal for battle, as was customary, nor indeed even keeping their order, but making a great uproar and urging one another on, they ran against the enemy's camp.

Greek ἐνταῦθα Ῥουφῖνός τε καὶ Λεόντιος, οἱ Ζαύνα τοῦ Φαρεσμάνου, ἔργα ἐπεδείξαντο ἐς τοὺς πολεμίους ἀρετῆς ἄξια.

Dewing There Rufinus and Leontius, the sons of Zaunas the son of Pharesmanes, made a splendid display of valorous deed against the enemy.

Greek οἷς δὴ οἱ Μαυρούσιοι καταπεπληγμένοι, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τοὺς φύλακας σφῶν ἀνῃρῆσθαι ἔμαθον, αὐτίκα ἐς φυγὴν ὅπη ἕκαστος ἐδύνατο ᾔεσαν, καὶ αὐτῶν οἱ πλεῖστοι ἐν ταῖς δυσχωρίαις καταλαμβανόμενοι ἔθνησκον.

Dewing And by this the Moors were terror-stricken, and when they learned that their guards also had been destroyed, they straightway turned to flight where each one could, and the most of them were overtaken in the difficult ground and killed.

Greek Ἰαύδας τε αὐτὸς ἀκοντίῳ πληγεὶς τὸν μηρὸν ὅμως διέφυγέ τε καὶ ἐς Μαυριτανοὺς ἀπεχώρησε.

Dewing And Iaudas himself, though struck by a javelin in the thigh, still made his escape and withdrew to Mauretania.

Greek Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ διαρπάσαντες τὸ τῶν πολεμίων στρατόπεδον οὐκέτι τὸ Αὐράσιον ἐκλείπειν ἔγνωσαν, ἀλλὰ Σολόμωνος ἐνταῦθα φρούρια οἰκοδομησαμένου φυλάσσειν, ὅπως μὴ αὖθις τοῦτο δὴ τὸ ὄρος Μαυρουσίοις ἐσβατὸν ἔσται.

Dewing But the Romans, after plundering the enemy's camp, decided not to abandon Aurasium again, but to guard fortresses which Solomon was to build there, so that this mountain might not be again accessible to the Moors.

Greek Ἔστι δέ τις ἐν Αὐρασίῳ πέτρα ἀπότομος κρημνῶν ἐς μέσον ἀνέχουσα· πέτραν αὐτὴν Γεμινιανοῦ καλοῦσιν οἱ ἐπιχώριοι· οὗ δὴ πύργον οἱ πάλαι ἄνθρωποι βραχὺν κομιδῆ ποιησάμενοι καταφυγήν τινα ἰσχυράν τε καὶ ἀμήχανον τῆς τοῦ χωρίου φύσεως σφίσι ξυλλαμβανούσης ἐδείμαντο.

Dewing Now there is on Aurasium a perpendicular rock which rises in the midst of precipices; the natives call it the Rock of Geminianus; there the men of ancient times had built a tower, macerating it very small as a place of refuge, strong and unassailable, since the nature of the position assisted them.

Greek ἐνταῦθα ἐτύγχανεν Ἰαύδας τά τε χρήματα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας ἡμέραις πρότερον ὀλίγαις ἐναποθέμενος, ἕνα τε γέροντα Μαυρούσιον φύλακα τῶν χρημάτων καταστησάμενος.

Dewing Here, as it happened, Iaudas had a few days previously deposited his money and his women, setting one old Moor in charge as guardian of the money.

Greek οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε ὑπετόπασεν οὔτε τοὺς πολεμίους ἐς τόνδε τὸν χῶρον ἀφίξεσθαι οὔτ’ ἂν βίᾳ ἐς τὸν ἅπαντα αἰῶνα τὸν πύργον ἑλεῖν.

Dewing For he could never have suspected that the enemy would either reach this place, or that they could in all time capture the tower by force.

Greek ἀλλὰ Ῥωμαῖοι τότε τοῦ Αὐρασίου τὰς δυσχωρίας διερευνώμενοι ἐνταῦθα ἧκον, καὶ αὐτῶν τις ἀναβαίνειν εἰς τὸν πύργον ξὺν γέλωτι ἐνεχείρησεν· αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες ἐτώθαζον, ἅτε δὴ τῶν ἀμηχάνων ἐφιεμένου καταγελῶσαι·

Dewing But the Romans at that time, searching through the rough country of Aurasium, came there, and one of them, with a laugh, attempted to climb up to the tower; but the women began to taunt him, ri­cing him as attempting the impossible;

Greek τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ πρεσβύτης ἀπὸ τοῦ πύργου διακύψας ἐποίει. ὁ δὲ Ῥωμαῖος στρατιώτης ἐπειδὴ χερσί τε καὶ ποσὶν ἀναβαίνων ἐγγύς που ἐγεγόνει, σπασάμενος ἡσυχῆ τὸ ξίφος ἐξήλατό τε ὡς εἶχε τάχους καὶ τοῦ γέροντος εἰς τὸν αὐχένα ἐπιτυχὼν παίει, τεμεῖν τε αὐτὸν διαμπὰξ ἴσχυσεν.

Dewing and the old man, peering out from the tower, did the same thing. But when the Roman soldier, climbing with both hands and feet, had come near them, he drew his sword quietly and lined forward as quickly as he could, and struck the old man a fair blow on the neck, and succeeded in cutting it through.

Greek ἥ τε κεφαλὴ ἐξέπεσεν εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος, καὶ οἱ στρατιῶται θαρσοῦντες ἤδη καὶ ἀλλήλων ἐχόμενοι εἰς τὸν πύργον ἀνέβαινον, καὶ τάς τε γυναῖκας τά τε χρήματα, μεγάλα κομιδῆ ὄντα, ἐνθένδε ἐξεῖλον.

Dewing And the head fell down to the ground, and the soldiers, now emboldened and holding to one another, ascended to the tower, and took out from there both the women and the money, of which there was an exceedingly great quantity.

Greek ἀφ’ ὧν δὴ Σολόμων πολλὰς τῶν ἐν Λιβύῃ πόλεων περιέβαλε τείχεσι.

Dewing And by means of it Solomon surrounded many of the cities in Libya with walls.

Greek Καὶ ἐπειδὴ Μαυρούσιοι ἀνεχώρησαν ἐκ Νουμιδίας νικηθέντες, ὥσπερ ἐρρήθη, Ζάβην τε τὴν χώραν, ἣ ὑπὲρ ὄρος τὸ Αὐράσιόν ἐστι Μαυριτανία τε ἡ πρώτη καλεῖται μητρόπολιν Σίτιφιν ἔχουσα, τῇ Ῥωμαίων ἀρχῇ ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγὴν προσεποίησε·

Dewing And after the Moors had retired from Numidia, defeated in the manner described, the land of Zabe, which is beyond Mt. Aurasium and is called "First Mauretania," whose metropolis is Sitiphis,⁠ was added to the Roman empire by Solomon as a tributary province;

Greek Μαυριτανίας γὰρ τῆς ἑτέρας πρώτη Καισάρεια τυγχάνει οὖσα, οὗ δὴ ὁ Μαστίγας ξὺν Μαυρουσίοις τοῖς αὑτοῦ ἵδρυτο, ξύμπαντα τὰ ἐκείνῃ χωρία κατήκοά τε καὶ φόρου ὑποτελῆ πλήν γε δὴ πόλεως Καισαρείας ἔχων.

Dewing for of the other Mauretania Caesarea is the first city, where was settled Mastigas⁠ with his Moors, having the whole country there subject and tributary to him, except, indeed, the city of Caesarea.

Greek ταύτην γὰρ Ῥωμαίοις Βελισάριος τὸ πρότερον ἀνεσώσατο, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθέν μοι δεδήλωται λόγοις· ἐς ἣν Ῥωμαῖοι ναυσὶ μὲν εἰς ἀεὶ στέλλονται, πεζῇ δὲ ἰέναι οὐκ εἰσὶ δυνατοὶ Μαυρουσίων ἐν ταύτῃ ᾠκημένων τῇ χώρᾳ.

Dewing For this city Belisarius had previously recovered for the Romans, as has been set forth in the previous narrative;⁠ and the Romans always journey to this city in ships, but they are not able to go by land, since Moors dwell in that country.

Greek καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ Λίβυες ἅπαντες, οἳ Ῥωμαίων κατήκοοι ἦσαν, εἰρήνης ἀσφαλοῦς τυχόντες καὶ τῆς Σολόμωνος ἀρχῆς σώφρονός τε καὶ λίαν μετρίας, ἔς τε τὸ λοιπὸν πολέμιον ἐν νῷ οὐδὲν ἔχοντες, ἔδοξαν εὐδαιμονέστατοι εἶναι ἀνθρώπων ἁπάντων.

Dewing And as a result of this all the Libyans who were subjects of the Romans, coming to enjoy secure peace and finding the rule of Solomon wise and very moderate, and having no longer any thought of hostility in their minds, seemed the most fortunate of all men. The Loeb Editor's Notes: 1 Book III.xviii.7 ff. ❦ 2 IV.iv.30 and note. ❦ 3 Baptism was administered only during the fifty days between Easter and Pentecost. Justinian had forbidden the baptism of Arians. ❦ 4 Cf. III.xi.30. ❦ 5 Cf. chap. xiv.8. ❦ 6 "Auxiliaries"; see Book III.xi.3. ❦ 7 More correctly Gadiaufala, now Ksar-Sbehi. ❦ 8 Cirta, later named Constantina, now Constantine (Ksantina) ❦ 9 John the Cappadocian, cf. I.xxiv.11 ff. ❦ 10 See Book III.xvii.1 and note. ❦ 11 Now Setif. ❦ 12 Called Mastinas in IV.xiii.19. ❦ 13 Book IV.v.5. ◂ previous next ▸ Images with borders lead to more information. The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.) UP TO: Vandal Wars Ancient Military History Military History Home Procopius Greek & Latin Texts LacusCurtius A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer. See my copyright page for details and contact information. Page updated: 14 Sep 20 Accessibility