第4巻 第10章

Greek Σολόμων δὲ τὸ ἐν Λιβύῃ παραλαβὼν στράτευμα, ἐπηρμένων μέν, ὡς προδεδήλωται, τῶν Μαυρουσίων, ᾐωρημένων δὲ τῶν ὅλων πραγμά των, ἐν ἀπόρῳ εἶχεν ᾗ τὸ παρὸν θέσθαι.

Dewing And Solomon took over the army in Libya; but in view of the fact that the Moors had risen against him, as has been told previously, and that everything was in suspend, he was at a loss how to treat the stillness.

Greek τούς τε γὰρ στρατιώτας ἐν Βυζακίῳ καὶ Νουμιδίᾳ οἱ βάρβαροι ἀνῃρηκέναι καὶ πάντα ἄγειν τε καὶ φέρειν τὰ ἐκείνῃ ἠγγέλλοντο.

Dewing For it was reported that the barbarians had destroyed the soldiers in Byzacium and Numidia and that they were pillaging and plundering everything there.

Greek μάλιστα δὲ αὐτόν τε καὶ Καρχηδόνα πᾶσαν συνετάραξε τὰ ἐς Ἀιγάν τε τὸν Μασσαγέτην καὶ Ῥουφῖνον τὸν Θρᾷκα ἐν Βυζακίῳ ξυνενεχθέντα.

Dewing But what disturbed most of all both him and all Carthage was the fate which befell Aïgan, the Massagete, and Rufinus, the Thracian, in Byzacium.

Greek ἄμφω γὰρ λογίμω ἐς ἄγαν ἔν τε τῇ Βελισαρίου οἰκίᾳ ἤστην καὶ τῷ Ῥωμαίων στρατεύματι, ἅτερος μὲν αὐτοῖν Ἀιγὰν ἐν τοῖς Βελισαρίου δορυφόροις ταττόμενος, ὁ δὲ ἕτερος ἅτε ἁπάντων εὐψυχότατος τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ στρατηγοῦ ἐν ταῖς παρατάξεσιν εἰωθὼς φέρειν, ὃν δὴ βανδοφόρον καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι.

Dewing For both were men of great repute both in the household of Belisarius and in the Roman army, one of them, Aïgan, being among the spearmen of Belisarius, while the other, as the most courageous of all, was accustomed to carry the standard of the general in battle; such an officer the Romans call "bandifer."⁠

Greek τότε γὰρ τούτω τὼ ἄνδρε ἱππικῶν καταλόγων ἡγουμένω ἐν Βυζακίῳ, ἐπειδὴ τοὺς Μαυρουσίους εἶδον τά τε ἐν ποσὶ ληιζομένους καὶ Λίβυας ἅπαντας ἐν ἀνδραπόδων λόγῳ ποιησαμένους, τηρήσαντες ἐν στενοχωρίᾳ ξὺν τοῖς σφίσιν ἑπομένοις τοὺς τὴν λείαν παραπέμποντας, αὐτούς τε κτείνουσι καὶ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ἀφαιροῦνται πάντας.

Dewing Now at the time referred to these two men were commanding detachments of cavalry in Byzacium, and when they saw the Moors plundering everything before them and making all the Libyans captives, they watched in a narrow pass with their followers for those who were escorting the booty, and killed them and took away all the captives.

Greek ὡς δὲ οὗτος ὁ λόγος ἐς τῶν βαρβάρων τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἧκε, Κουτζίναν τε καὶ Ἐσδιλάσαν καὶ Ἰουρφούθην καὶ Μεδισινίσσαν, οὐ μακρὰν ταύτης δὴ τῆς στενοχωρίας ἀπέχοντας, χωροῦσιν ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ περὶ δείλην ὀψίαν.

Dewing And when a report of this came to the commanders of the barbarians, Coutzinas and Esdilasas and Iourphouthes and Medisinissas, who were not far away from this pass, they moved against them with their whole army in the late afternoon.

Greek Ῥωμαῖοι δέ, κομιδῆ τε ὀλίγοι ὄντες καὶ ἐν χώρῳ στενῷ ἐς μέσον μυριάδων πολλῶν ἀπειλημμένοι, ἀμύνεσθαι τοὺς ἐπιόντας οὐχ οἷοί τε ἦσαν. ἔνθα γὰρ ἂν τραπεῖεν, ἀεὶ κατὰ νώτου ἐβάλλοντο.

Dewing And the Romans, being a very few men and shut off in a narrow place in the midst of many thousands, were not able to ward off their assailants. For wherever they might turn, they were always shot at from the rear.

Greek τότε δὴ Ῥουφῖνός τε καὶ Ἀιγὰν ξὺν ὀλίγοις τισὶν ἐς πέτραν ἐγγύς που οὖσαν ἀναδραμόντες ἐνθένδε τοὺς βαρβάρους ἠμύνοντο.

Dewing Then, indeed, Rufinus and Aïgan with some few men ran to the top of a rock which was near by and from there defended themselves against the barbarians.

Greek ἕως μὲν οὖν τοῖς τόξοις ἐχρῶντο, οὐκ ἐτόλμων σφίσιν ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν οἱ πολέμιοι, ἀλλὰ τὰς αἰχμὰς ἐσηκόντιζον· ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰ βέλη ἅπαντα σφᾶς ἤδη ἐπιλελοίπει, οἵ τε Μαυρούσιοι αὐτοῖς ἐς χεῖρας ἦλθον καὶ αὐτοὶ τοῖς ξίφεσιν ἐκ τῶν παρόντων ἠμύνοντο.

Dewing Now as long as they were using their bows, the enemy did not dare co directly to a hand-to‑hand struggle with them, but they kept hurling their javelins among them; but when all the arrows of the Romans were now exhausted, the Moors closed with them, and they defended themselves with their swords as well as the circumstances permitted.

Greek τοῦ δὲ πλήθους τῶν βαρβάρων βιαζομένου, Ἀιγὰν μὲν κρεουργηθεὶς τὸ σῶμα ὅλον ἐνταῦθα ἔπεσε, Ῥουφῖνον δὲ οἱ πολέμιοι ἁρπάσαντες ἦγον.

Dewing But since they were over­powered by the multitude of the barbarians, Aïgan fell there with his whole body hacked to pieces, and Rufinus was seized by the enemy and led away.

Greek αὐτίκα δὲ τῶν ἀρχόντων εἷς Μεδισινίσσας, δείσας μὴ διαφυγὼν πράγματα σφίσιν αὖθις παρέχοι, τῆς τε κεφαλῆς αὐτὸν ἀφαιρεῖται καὶ ταύτην ἐς τὰ οἰκεῖα λαβὼω ταῖς γυναιξὶ ταῖς αὑτοῦ ἔδειξε, μεγέθους τε ὑπερβολῇ καὶ τριχῶν πλήθει ἀξιοθέατον οὖσαν.

Dewing But straightway one of the commanders, Medisinissas, fearing lest he should escape and again make trouble for them, cut off his head and taking it to his home shewed it to his wives, for it was a remarkable sight on account of the extraordinary size of the head and the abundance of hair.

Greek ἐπεὶ δὲ ἡμᾶς ὁ τῆς ἱστορίας λόγος ἐνταῦθα ἤγαγεν, ἐπάναγκες εἰπεῖν ἄνωθεν ὅθεν τε τὰ Μαυρουσίων ἔθνη ἐς Λιβύην ἦλθον καὶ ὅπως ἐνταῦθα ᾠκήσαντο.

Dewing And now, since the narration of the history has brought me to this point, it is necessary to tell from the beginning whence the nations of the Moors came to Libya and how they settled there.

Greek Ἐπειδὴ Ἑβραῖοι ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἀνεχώρησαν καὶ ἄγχι τῶν Παλαιστίνης ὁρίων ἐγένοντο, Μωσῆς μὲν σοφὸς ἀνήρ, ὃς αὐτοῖς τῆς ὁδοῦ ἡγήσατο. θνήσκει, διαδέχεται δὲ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυῆ παῖς, ὃς ἔς τε τὴν Παλαιστίνην τὸν λεὼν τοῦτον εἰσήγαγε καὶ ἀρετὴν ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ κρείττω ἢ κατὰ ἀνθρώπου φύσιν ἐπιδειξάμενος τὴν χώραν ἔσχε.

Dewing When the Hebrews had withdrawn from Egypt and had come near the boundaries of Palestine, Moses, a wise man, who was their leader on the journey, died, and the leader­ship was passed on to Joshua, the son of Nun, who led this people into Palestine, and, by displaying a valour in war greater than that natural to a man, gained possession of the land.

Greek καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ἅπαντα καταστρεψάμενος τὰς πόλεις εὐπετῶς παρεστήσατο, ἀνίκητός τε παντάπασιν ἔδοξεν εἶναι.

Dewing And after overthrowing all the nations he easily won the cities, and he seemed to be altogether invincible.

Greek τότε δὲ ἡ ἐπιθαλασσία χώρα ἐκ Σιδῶνος μέχρι τῶν Αἰγύπτου ὁρίων Φοινίκη ξύμπασα ὠνομάζετο.

Dewing Now at that time the whole country along the sea from Sidon as far as the boundaries of Egypt was called Phoenicia.

Greek βασιλεὺς δὲ εἷς τὸ παλαιὸν αὐτῇ ἐφειστήκει, ὥσπερ ἅπασιν ὁμολογεῖται οἳ Φοινίκων τὰ ἀρχαιότατα ἀνεγράψαντο.

Dewing And one king in ancient times held sway over it, as is agreed by all who have written the earliest accounts of the Phoenicians.

Greek ἐνταῦθα ᾤκηντο ἔθνη πολυανθρωπότατα, Γεργεσαῖοί τε καὶ Ἰεβουσαῖοι καὶ ἄλλα ἄττα ὀνόματα ἔχοντα, οἷς δὴ αὐτὰ ἡ τῶν Ἑβραίων ἱστορία καλεῖ.

Dewing In that country there dwelt very populous tribes, the Gergesites and the Jebusites and some others with other names by which they are called in the history of the Hebrews.⁠

Greek οὗτος ὁ λεὼς ἐπεὶ ἄμαχόν τι χρῆμα τὸν ἐπηλύτην στρατηγὸν εἶδον, ἐξ ἠθῶν τῶν πατρίων ἐξαναστάντες ἐπ’ Αἰγύπτου ὁμόρου οὔσης ἐχώρησαν.

Dewing Now when these nations saw that the invading general was an irresistible prodigy, they emigrated from their ancestral homes and made their way to Egypt, which adjoined their country.

Greek ἔνθα χῶρον οὐδένα ἱκανὸν σφίσιν ἐνοικήσασθαι εὑρόντες, ἐπεὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πολυανθρωπία ἐκ παλαιοῦ ἦν, ἐς Λιβύην ἐστάλησαν.

Dewing And finding there no place sufficient for them to dwell inn, since there has been a great population in Aegypt from ancient times, they proceeded to Libya.

Greek πόλεις τε οἰκήσαντες πολλὰς ξύμπασαν Λιβύην μέχρι στηλῶν τῶν Ἡρακλείων ἔσχον, ἐνταῦθά τε καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ τῇ Φοινίκων φωνῇ χρώμενοι ᾤκηνται.

Dewing And they established numerous cities and took possession of the whole of Libya as far as the Pillars of Heracles, and there they lived even up to my time, using the Phoenician tongue.

Greek ἐδείμαντο δὲ καὶ φρούριον ἐν Νουμιδίᾳ, οὗ νῦν πόλις Τίγισίς ἐστί τε καὶ ὀνομάζεται.

Dewing They also built a fortress in Numidia, where now is the city called Tigisis.

Greek ἔνθα στῆλαι δύο ἐκ λίθων λευκῶν πεποιημέναι ἄγχι κρήνης εἰσὶ τῆς μεγάλης, γράμματα Φοινικικὰ ἐγκεκολαμμένα ἔχουσαι τῇ Φοινίκων γλώσσῃ λέγοντα ὧδε· “Ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν οἱ φυγόντες ἀπὸ προσώπου Ἰησοῦ

Dewing In that place are two columns made of white stone near by the great spring, having Phoenician letters cut in them which say in the Phoenician tongue: "We are they who fled from before the face of Joshua, the robber, the son of Nun."

Greek τοῦ λῃστοῦ υἱοῦ Ναυῆ.” ἦσαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἔθνη ἐν Λιβύῃ πρότερον ᾠκημένα, οἳ διὰ τὸ ἐκ παλαιοῦ ἐνταῦθα ἱδρῦσθαι αὐτόχθονες εἶναι ἐλέγοντο.

Dewing There were also other nations settled in Libya before the Moors, who on account of having been established there from of old were said to be children of the soil.

Greek καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ Ἀνταῖον, τὸν αὐτῶν βασιλέα, ὃς ἐν Κλιπέᾳ Ἡρακλεῖ ἐπάλαισε, τῆς γῆς υἱὸν ἔφασαν εἶναι.

Dewing And because of this they said that Antaeus, their king, who wrestled with Heracles in Clipea,⁠ was a son of the earth.

Greek χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον καὶ ὅσοι μετὰ Διδοῦς ἐκ Φοινίκης ἀνέστησαν ἅτε πρὸς ξυγγενεῖς τοὺς ἐν Λιβύῃ ᾠκημένους ἀφίκοντο. οἳ δὴ αὐτοῖς Καρχηδόνα κτίσαι τε καὶ ἔχειν ἐθελούσιοι ξυνεχώρησαν.

Dewing And in later times those who removed from Phoenicia with Dido came to the inhabitants of Libya as to kinsmen. And they willingly allowed them to found and hold Carthage.

Greek προϊόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου ἡ τῶν Καρχηδονίων δύναμις μεγάλη ἐγίνετο καὶ πολυάνθρωπος.

Dewing But as time went on Carthage became a powerful and populous city.

Greek μάχης τε σφίσι γενομένης πρὸς τοὺς ὁμόρους, οἳ πρότεροι, ὥσπερ ἐρρήθη, ἐκ Παλαιστίνης ἀφίκοντο καὶ τὰ νῦν Μαυρούσιοι καλοῦνται, ἐκράτησάν τε αὐτῶν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι καὶ ὡς ἀπωτάτω οἰκεῖν Καρχηδόνος ἠνάγκασαν.

Dewing And a battle took place between them and their neighbours, who, as has been said, had come from Palestine before them and are called Moors at the present time, and the Carthaginians defeated them and compelled them to live a very great distance away from Carthage.

Greek ἔπειτα δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι πάντων καθυπέρτεροι τῷ πολέμῳ γενόμενοι Μαυρουσίους μὲν ἐς τὰς ἐσχατιὰς τῆς ἐν Λιβύῃ οἰκουμένης χώρας ἱδρύσαντο, Καρχηδονίους δὲ καὶ Λίβυας τοὺς ἄλλους κατηκόους σφίσιν ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγὴν ἐποιήσαντο.

Dewing Later on the Romans gained the supremacy over all of them in war, and settled the Moors at the extremity of the inhabited land of Libya, and made the Carthaginians and the other Libyans subject and tributary to themselves.

Greek ὕστερον δὲ οἱ Μαυρούσιοι πολλὰς κατὰ Βανδίλων νίκας ἀνελόμενοι Μαυριτανίαν τε τὴν νῦν καλουμένην ἐκ Γαδείρων μέχρι τῶν Καισαρείας ὁρίων τείνουσαν καὶ Λιβύης τῆς ἄλλης τὰ πλεῖστα ἔσχον. τὰ μὲν δὴ τῆς Μαυρουσίων ἐν Λιβύῃ ἐνοικήσεως ταύτῃ πη ἔσχε.

Dewing And after this the Moors won many victories over the Vandals and gained possession of the land now called Mauretania, extending from Gadira as far as the boundaries of Caesarea,⁠ as well as the most of Libya which remained. Such, then, is the story of the settlement of the Moors in Libya.