第3巻 第5章

Greek Γιζέριχος δὲ δι’ ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, ὅτι δὲ αὐτῷ χρήματα μεγάλα ἔσεσθαι ὑπετόπαζε, στόλῳ πολλῷ ἐς Ἰταλίαν κατέπλευσεν. ἀναβὰς δὲ ἐς Ῥώμην, ἐπεὶ οὐδείς οἱ ἐμποδὼν ἕστηκε, τῶν βασιλείων ἐκράτησε.

Dewing And Gizeric, for no other reason than that he suspected that much money would come to him, set sail for Italy with a great fleet. And going up to Rome since no one stood in his way, he took possession of the palace.

Greek Μάξιμον μὲν οὖν φεύγοντα Ῥωμαῖοι λίθοις βαλόντες διέφθειραν, καὶ τήν τε κεφαλὴν τῶν τε ἄλλων μελῶν ἕκαστον ἀποτεμόμενοι διείλοντο σφίσι.

Dewing Now while Maximus was trying to flee, the Romans threw stones at him and killed him, and they cut off his head and each of his other members and divided them among themselves.

Greek Γιζέριχος δὲ τήν τε Εὐδοξίαν ἅμα Εὐδοκίᾳ τε καὶ Πλακιδίᾳ, ταῖς αὐτῆς τε καὶ Βαλεντινιανοῦ παισίν, αἰχμάλωτον εἷλε, χρυσοῦ τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων βασιλέως κτημάτων πολύ τι χρῆμα ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐνθέμενος ἐς Καρχηδόνα ἔπλει, οὔτε χαλκοῦ οὔτε ἄλλου ὁτουοῦν ἐν τοῖς βασιλείοις φεισάμενος.

Dewing But Gizeric took Eudoxia captive, together with Eudocia and Placidia, the children of herself and Valentinian, and pla­cing an exceedingly great amount of gold and other imperial treasure⁠ in his ships sailed to Carthage, having spared neither bronze nor anything else whatsoever in the palace.

Greek ἐσύλησε δὲ καὶ τὸν τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Καπιτωλίου νεὼν καὶ τοῦ τέγους τὴν ἡμίσειαν ἀφείλετο μοῖραν. τοῦτο δὲ τὸ τέγος χαλκοῦ μὲν τοῦ ἀρίστου ἐτύγχανεν ὄν, χρυσοῦ δὲ αὐτῷ ὑπερχυθέντος ἁδροῦ ὡς μάλιστα μεγαλοπρεπές τε καὶ θαύματος πολλοῦ ἄξιον διεφαίνετο.

Dewing He plundered also the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus, and tore off half of the roof. Now this roof was of bronze of the finest quality, and since gold was laid over it exceedingly thick, it shone as a magnificent and wonderful spectacle.⁠

Greek τῶν δὲ μετὰ Γιζερίχου νεῶν μίαν μέν, ἣ τὰς εἰκόνας ἔφερε, φασὶν ἀπολέσθαι, πάσαις δὲ ταῖς ἄλλαις οἱ Βανδίλοι ἐς τὸν Καρχηδόνος λιμένα κατῆραν.

Dewing But of the ships with Gizeric, one, which was bearing the statues, was lost, they say, but with all the others the Vandals reached port in the harbour of Carthage.

Greek Εὐδοκίαν μὲν οὖν Γιζέριχος Ὁνωρίχῳ τῷ τῶν παίδων πρεσβυτέρῳ ξυνῴκισε, τὴν δὲ δὴ ἑτέραν ʽἀνδρὶ γὰρ ξυνῴκει Ὀλυβρίῳ, τῶν ἐν βουλῇ τῇ Ῥωμαίων δοκιμωτάτᾠ ἅμα τῇ μητρὶ Εὐδοξίᾳ, ἐξαιτησαμένου βασιλέως, ἐς Βυζάντιον ἔπεμψεν.

Dewing Gizeric then married Eudocia to Honoric, the elder of his sons; but the other of the two women, being the wife of Olybrius, a most distinguished man in the Roman senate, he sent to Byzantium together with her mother, Eudoxia, at the request of the emperor.

Greek ἤδη δὲ τὸ τῶν ἑῴων κράτος ἐς Λέοντα περιεστήκει, Ἄσπαρος ἐς τοῦτο αὐτὸν καταστησαμένου, ἐπειδὴ Μαρκιανὸς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπήλλακτο.

Dewing Now the power of the East had by now fallen to Leon, who had been set in this position by Aspar, since Marcian had already passed from the world.

Greek Ὕστερον δὲ Γιζέριχος ἐπενόει τοιάδε. τῶν ἐν Λιβύῃ πόλεων, πλὴν Καρχηδόνος, τὰ τείχη καθεῖλεν, ὡς ἂν μήτε αὐτοὶ Λίβυες τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἑλόμενοι ἔκ τε ἐχυροῦ ὁρμᾶσθαι καὶ νεωτερίζειν ἱκανοὶ εἶεν μήτε τοῖς ἐκ βασιλέως στελλομένοις ἐν ἐλπίδι ἔσται ὡς καὶ πόλιν καταλήψονται καὶ φρουρὰν ἐν αὐτῇ ποιησάμενοι πράγματα Βανδίλοις παρέξονται.

Dewing Afterwards Gizeric devised the following scheme. He tore down the walls of all the cities in Libya except Carthage, so that neither the Libyans themselves, espousing the cause of the Romans, might have a strong base from which to begin a rebellion, nor those sent by the emperor have any ground for hoping to capture a city and by establishing a garrison in it to make trouble for the Vandals.

Greek τότε μὲν οὖν εὖ τε ἔδοξε βεβουλεῦσθαι καὶ τὴν εὐημερίαν Βανδίλοις ὡς ἀσφαλέστατα διασώσασθαι, χρόνῳ δὲ τῷ ὑστέρῳ, ὅτε δὴ ἀτείχιστοι οὖσαι ῥᾷόν τε καὶ ἀπονώτερον πρὸς Βελισαρίου αἱ πόλεις αὗται ἡλίσκοντο, πολύν τε γέλωτα ἤδη Γιζέριχος ὦφλε καὶ ἡ τέως δοκοῦσά οἱ εὐβουλία ἐς ἄνοιαν αὐτῷ ἀπεκρίθη.

Dewing Now at that time it seemed that he had counselled well and had ensured prosperity for the Vandals in the safest possible manner; but in later times when these cities, being without walls, were captured by Belisarius all the more easily and with less exertion, Gizeric was then condemned to suffer much ridicule, and that which for the time he considered wise counsel turned out for him to be folly.

Greek ταῖς γὰρ δὴ τύχαις ἀεὶ τὰς δόξας ἐπὶ τοῖς πρότερον βεβουλευμένοις ξυμμεταβάλλεσθαι φιλοῦσιν ἄνθρωποι.

Dewing For as fortunes change, men are always accustomed to change with them their judgments regarding what has been planned in the past.

Greek τῶν δὲ Λιβύων εἴ τι μὲν δόκιμον ἐτύγχανεν ὂν καὶ πλούτῳ ἀκμάζον, αὐτοῖς ἀγροῖς τε καὶ πᾶσι χρήμασιν ἐν ἀνδραπόδων μοίρᾳ παρέδωκε τοῖς παισὶν Ὁνωρίχῳ τε καὶ Γένζωνι. Θεόδωρος γὰρ ὁ νεώτατος ἐτελεύτα ἤδη, ἄπαις τὸ παράπαν ἄρρενός τε καὶ θήλεος γόνου.

Dewing And among the Libyans all who happened to be men of note and conspicuous for their wealth he handed over as slaves, together with their estates and all their money, to his sons Honoric and Genzon. For Theodorus, the youngest son, had died already, being altogether without offspring, either male or female.

Greek Λίβυας δὲ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀφείλετο μὲν τοὺς ἀγρούς, οἳ πλεῖστοί τε ἦσαν καὶ ἄριστοι, ἐς δὲ τὸ τῶν Βανδίλων διένειμεν ἔθνος, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ κλῆροι Βανδίλων οἱ ἀγροὶ οὗτοι ἐς τόδε καλοῦνται τοῦ χρόνου.

Dewing And he robbed the rest of the Libyans of their estates, which were both very numerous and excellent, and day by day them among the nation of the Vandals, and as a result of this these lands have been called "Vandals' estates" up to the present time.

Greek τοῖς δὲ δὴ πάλαι κεκτημένοις τὰ χωρία ταῦτα πένεσθαί τε ὡς μάλιστα καὶ ἐλευθέροις εἶναι ξυνέβαινεν· ἦν δὲ αὐτοῖς ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ καὶ ὅποι βούλοιντο ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι.

Dewing And it fell to the lot of those who had formerly possessed these lands to be in extreme poverty and to be at the same time free men; and they had the privilege of going away wheresoever they wished.

Greek καὶ τὰ μὲν χωρία ξύμπαντα, ὅσα τοῖς τε παισὶ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις Βανδίλοις Γιζέριχος παραδεδώκει, οὐδεμιᾶς φόρου ἀπαγωγῆς ὑποτελῆ ἐκέλευσεν εἶναι.

Dewing And Gizeric commanded that all the lands which he had given over to his sons and to the other Vandals should not be subject to any kind of taxation.

Greek τῆς δὲ γῆς ὅση οἱ οὐκ ἀγαθὴ ἔδοξεν εἶναι, ἀφῆκε τοῖς πρότερον ἔχουσι, τοσαῦτα ἐνθένδε τῷ δημοσίῳ φέρεσθαι τάξας ὥστε οὐδ’ ὁτιοῦν περιῆν τοῖς τὰ χωρία τὰ σφέτερα αὐτῶν ἔχουσιν.

Dewing But as much of the land as did not seem to him good he allowed to remain in the hands of the former owners, but assessed so large a sum to be paid on this land for taxes to the government that nothing whatever remained to those who retained their farms. And many of them were constantly being sent into exile or killed.

Greek ἔφευγον δὲ πολλοὶ καὶ ἐκτείνοντο. αἰτίαι γὰρ αὐτοῖς πολλαί τε καὶ χαλεπαὶ προσεφέροντο·

Dewing For charges were brought against them of many sorts, and heavy ones too;

Greek πασῶν δὲ μία μεγίστη δὴ ἐδόκει εἶναι ὅτι χρήματά τις οἰκεῖα ἔχων ἀπέκρυπτεν. οὕτω τοὺς Λίβυας πᾶσα ἰδέα ξυμφορᾶς περιέστη.

Dewing but one charge seemed to be the greatest of all, that a man, having money of his own, was hiding it. Thus the Libyans were visited with every form of misfortune.

Greek Τοὺς δὲ δὴ Βανδίλους τε καὶ Ἀλανοὺς ἐς λόχους καταστησάμενος, λοχαγοὺς αὐτοῖς ἐπέστησεν οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ ὀγδοήκοντα, οὕσπερ χιλιάρχους ἐκάλεσε, δόκησιν παρέχων ἐς ὀκτώ οἱ μυριάδας συνιέναι τὸν τῶν στρατευομένων λεών.

Dewing The Vandals and the Alani he arranged in companies, appointing over them no less than eighty captains, whom he called "chiliarchs,"⁠ making it appear that his host of fighting men in active service amounted to eighty thousand.

Greek καίτοι οὐ μᾶλλον ἢ ἐς μυριάδας πέντε τὸ τῶν Βανδίλων τε καὶ Ἀλανῶν πλῆθος ἔν γε τῷ πρὶν χρόνῳ ἐλέγετο εἶναι.

Dewing And yet the number of the Vandals and Alani was said in former times, at least, to amount to no more than fifty thousand men.

Greek ἔπειτα μέντοι τῇ τε κατὰ σφᾶς παιδοποιίᾳ καὶ ἄλλους βαρβάρους ἑταιρισάμενοι ἐς μεγάλην τινὰ πολυανθρωπίαν ἐχώρησαν.

Dewing However, after that time by their natural increase among themselves and by associating other barbarians with them they came to be an exceedingly numerous people.

Greek τὰ δὲ τῶν Ἀλανῶν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων βαρβάρων ὀνόματα, πλὴν Μαυρουσίων, ἐς τὸ τῶν Βανδίλων ἅπαντα ἀπεκρίθη.

Dewing But the names of the Alani and all the other barbarians, except the Moors, were united in the name of Vandals.

Greek τότε δὲ Γιζέριχος Μαυρουσίους προσποιησάμενος, ἐπειδὴ Βαλεντινιανὸς ἐτελεύτησεν, ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ ἔς τε Σικελίαν καὶ Ἰταλίαν ἐσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο καὶ τῶν πόλεων τὰς μὲν ἀνδραποδίσας, τὰς δὲ καθελὼν ἐς ἔδαφος, ληισάμενός τε ἅπαντα, ἐπεὶ ἀνθρώπων τε ἡ χώρα καὶ χρημάτων ἔρημος ἐγεγόνει, ἐς τὸ τοῦ ἑῴου βασιλέως ἐσέβαλε κράτος.

Dewing At that time, after the death of Valentinian, Gizeric gained the support of the Moors, and every year at the beginning of spring he made invasions into Sicily and Italy, enslaving some of the cities, razing others to the ground, and plundering everything; and when the land had become destitute of men and of money, he invaded the domain of the emperor of the East.

Greek Ἰλλυριοὺς οὖν ἐληίζετο καὶ τῆς τε Πελοποννήσου τῆς τε ἄλλης Ἑλλάδος τὰ πλεῖστα καὶ ὅσαι αὐτῇ νῆσοι ἐπίκεινται. αὖθις δὲ ἔς τε Σικελίαν καὶ Ἰταλίαν ἀπέβαινεν, ἦγέ τε καὶ ἔφερεν ἐκ περιτροπῆς ἅπαντα.

Dewing And so he plundered Illyricum and the most of the Peloponnesus and of the rest of Greece and all the islands which lie near it. And again he went off to Sicily and Italy, and kept plundering and pillaging all places in turn.

Greek καί ποτε αὐτὸν ἐς τὴν ναῦν ἐσβάντα ἐν τῷ Καρχηδόνος λιμένι, ἀνατεινομένων ἤδη τῶν ἱστίων, φασὶν ἐρέσθαι τὸν κυβερνήτην ἐπὶ τίνας ποτὲ ἀνθρώπων ἰέναι κελεύοι.

Dewing And one day when he had embarked on his ship in the harbour of Carthage, and the sails were already being spread, the pilot asked him, they say, against what men in the world he bade them go.

Greek καὶ τὸν ἀποκρινάμενον φάναι, δηλονότι ἐφ’ οὓς ὁ θεὸς ὤργισται. οὕτως ἐξ οὐδεμιᾶς αἰτίας ἐφ’ οὓς ἂν τύχοι ἐσέβαλλε.

Dewing And he in reply said: "Plainly against those with whom God is angry." Thus without any cause he kept making invasions wherever chance might lead him.