第3巻 第13章

Greek Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐφρόντιζε Βελισάριος ὅπως τε ὁ ξύμπας στόλος ἀεὶ κατὰ ταὐτὰ πλέοι καὶ ἐς χωρίον ταὐτὸ προσορμίζοιτο.

Dewing After this Belisarius bethought him how his whole fleet should always keep together as it sailed and should anchor in the same place.

Greek ᾔδει γὰρ ὡς ἐν μεγάλῳ στόλῳ, ἄλλως τε καὶ ἢν τραχεῖς σφίσιν ἄνεμοι ἐπιπέσοιεν, ἐπάναγκες ἀπολείπεσθαί τε τῶν νεῶν πολλὰς καὶ σκεδάννυσθαι ἐς τὸ πέλαγος, οὐκ εἰδέναι τε αὐτῶν τοὺς κυβερνήτας ὁποίαις ποτὲ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν ἀναγομένων ἕπεσθαι ἄμεινον.

Dewing For he knew that in a large fleet, and especially if rough winds should assail them, it was inevitable that many of the ships should be left behind and scattered on the open sea, and that their pilots should not know which of the ships that put to sea ahead of them it was better to follow.

Greek λογισάμενος οὖν ἐποίει τάδε. τριῶν νεῶν, ἐν αἷς αὐτός τε καὶ ἡ θεραπεία ἔπλει, τὰ ἱστία ἐκ γωνίας τῆς ἄνω καὶ ἐς τριτημόριον μάλιστα ἔχρισε μίλτῳ, κοντούς τε ὀρθοὺς ἀναστήσας ἐν πρύμνῃ ἑκάστῃ ἀπεκρέμασεν ἀπ’ αὐτῶν λύχνα, ὅπως ἔν τε ἡμέρᾳ καὶ νυκτὶ αἱ τοῦ στρατηγοῦ νῆες ἔκδηλοι εἶεν· αἷς δὴ ἕπεσθαι τοὺς κυβερνήτας ἐκέλευε πάντας.

Dewing So after considering the matter, he did as follows. The sails of the three ships in which he and his following were carried he painted red from the upper corner for about one third of their length, and he erected upright poles on the prow of each, and hung lights from them, so that both by day and by night the general's ships might be distinguishable; then he commanded all the pilots to follow these ships.

Greek οὕτω τε τῶν νεῶν τῶν τριῶν ἡγουμένων παντὶ τῷ στόλῳ τετύχηκεν αὐτῶν οὐδεμίαν ἀπολελεῖφθαι. ὅτε μέντοι ἐκ λιμένος ἀπαίρειν μέλλοιεν, ἐσήμαινον αὐτοῖς αἱ σάλπιγγες τοῦτο.

Dewing Thus with the three ships leading the whole fleet not a single ship was left behind. And whenever they were about to put out from a harbour, the trumpets announced this to them.

Greek Ἐκ δὲ Ἀβύδου ἀναχθεῖσιν αὐτοῖς ἄνεμοι σκληροὶ ἐπιπεσόντες ἤγαγον εἰς τὸ Σίγειον. αὖθίς τε νηνεμίᾳ χρησάμενοι σχολαίτεροι ἐς Μαλέαν ἦλθον, ἔνθα δὴ αὐτοῖς ἡ νηνεμία ξυνήνεγκεν ἐς τὰ μάλιστα.

Dewing And upon setting out from Abydus they met with strong winds which carried them to Sigeum. And again in calm weather they proceeded more leisurely to Malea, where the calm proved of the greatest advantage to them.

Greek ἅτε γὰρ ἐν στόλῳ μεγάλῳ καὶ ναυσὶν ὑπερμεγέθεσι, νυκτὸς ἐπιγενομένης, ἡ στενοχωρία ξυνετάραξέ τε ἅπαντα καὶ ἐς ἔσχατον κινδύνου ἤνεγκεν.

Dewing For since they had a great fleet and exceedingly large ships, as night came on everything was thrown into confusion by reason of their being crowded into small space, and they were brought into extreme peril.

Greek ἐνταῦθα οἵ τε κυβερνῆται καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι ναῦται ἀρετὴν ἐπεδείξαντο, βοῇ τε καὶ πατάγῳ πολλῷ χρώμενοι καὶ τοῖς κοντοῖς διωθούμενοι, ἐμπείρως τε ἀπ’ ἀλλήλων τὰς διαστάσεις ποιούμενοι, ὥστε εἰ καὶ πνεῦμα ἐπίφορον ἢ καὶ ἀπ’ ἐναντίας αὐτοῖς ἐπεγένετο, μόλις ἂν οἱ ναῦταί μοι δοκεῖ σφᾶς τε αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰς ναῦς διεσώσαντο.

Dewing At that time both the pilots and the rest of the sailors shewed themselves skilful and efficient, for while shouting at the top of their voices and making a great noise they kept pushing the ships apart with their poles, and cleverly kept the distances between their different vessels; but if a wind had arisen, whether a following or a head wind, it seems to me that the sailors would hardly have preserved themselves and their ships.

Greek νῦν δὲ οὕτως ὥσπερ εἴρηται διαφυγόντες Ταινάρῳ προσέμιξαν, ἣ νῦν Καινούπολις ἐπικαλεῖται.

Dewing But as it was, they escaped, as I have said, and put in at Taenarum, which is now called Caenopolis.⁠

Greek εἶτα ἐνθένδε ὁρμηθέντες Μεθώνῃ προσέσχον, εὗρόν τε ὀλίγῳ πρότερον τοὺς ἀμφὶ Βαλεριανόν τε καὶ Μαρτῖνον αὐτόσε ἀφικομένους.

Dewing Then, pressing on from there, they touched at Methone, and found Valerian and Martinus with their men, who had reached the same place a short time before.

Greek καὶ ἐπεὶ ἄνεμοι οὐκ ἐπέπνεον σφίσι, τὰς μὲν ναῦς Βελισάριος ἐνταῦθα ὥρμισε, τὸ δὲ στράτευμα ἀπεβίβασεν ἅπαν, καὶ ἀποβάντας τούς τε ἄρχοντας διεκόσμησε καὶ τοὺς στρατιώτας διέτασσε.

Dewing And since there were no winds blowing, Belisarius anchored the ships there, and disembarked the whole army; and after they were on shore he assigned the commanders their positions and drew up the soldiers.

Greek ταῦτά τε αὐτοῦ διέποντος καὶ ἀνέμων ἥκιστα ἐπιγινομένων, ἐπῆλθε πολλοῖς τῶν στρατιωτῶν νόσῳ διαφθαρῆναι ἐξ αἰτίας τοιᾶσδε.

Dewing And while he was thus engaged and no wind at all arose, it came about that many of the soldiers were destroyed by disease caused in the following manner.

Greek Ὁ τῆς αὐλῆς ἔπαρχος Ἰωάννης φλαῦρός τε ἦν τὸν τρόπον καὶ οὕτω δυνατὸς εἰς τὸ προσαγαγεῖν εἰς τὸ δημόσιον ἐπινοῆσαι χρήματα ἐπὶ λύμῃ ἀνθρώπων, ὡς οὐκ ἄν ποτε ἔγωγε φράσαι ἱκανῶς ἔχοιμι.

Dewing The pretorian prefect, John, was a man of worthless character, and so skilful at devising ways of bringing money into the public treasury to the detriment of men that I, for my part, should never be competent to describe this trait of his.

Greek ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν λόγοις ἐρρήθη, ἡνίκα πρὸς τῆς ἱστορίας ἐς τόδε ἠγόμην τοῦ λόγου.

Dewing But this has been said in the preceding pages, when I was brought to this point by my narrative.⁠

Greek τὰ δὲ νῦν ὅτῳ ποτὲ τρόπῳ τούτους δὴ τοὺς στρατιώτας διεχρήσατο ἐρῶν ἔρχομαι.

Dewing But I shall tell in the present case in what manner he destroyed the soldiers.

Greek τὸν ἄρτον ᾧ δὴ μέλλουσιν ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ οἱ στρατιῶται σιτίζεσθαι, δὶς μὲν ἐπάναγκες ἐς τὸν πνιγέα εἰσάγεσθαι, ἐπιμελῶς δὲ οὕτως ὀπτᾶσθαι ὥστε ἐξικνεῖσθαί τε ἐπὶ πλεῖστον καὶ μὴ χρόνῳ βραχεῖ διαφθείρεσθαι, τόν τε οὕτως ὀπτώμενον ἄρτον ἀνάγκη ἐλάσσω τὸν σταθμὸν ἕλκειν· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐν ταῖς τοιαῖσδε ἀρτοδαισίαις εἰώθασιν οἱ στρατιῶται τοῦ συνειθισμένου σταθμοῦ τὸ τεταρτημόριον ἀποτέμνεσθαι.

Dewing The bread which soldiers are destined to eat in camp must of necessity be put twice into the oven, and be cooked so carefully as to last for a very long period and not spoil in a short time, and loaves cooked in this way necessarily weigh less; and for this reason, when such bread is distributed, the soldiers generally received as their portion one‑fourth more than the usual weight.⁠

Greek Ἰωάννης οὖν λογισάμενος ὅπως ἐλάσσω τε τὰ ξύλα καὶ τὸν μισθὸν τοῖς ἀρτοποιοῖς ἥσσονα δοίη, καὶ ὅπως οἱ οὐκ ἐνδεὴς ὁ σταθμὸς εἴη, ὠμὸν ἔτι τὸν ἄρτον ἐς τὸ δημόσιον βαλανεῖον ἐσκομίσας τὸν Ἀχιλλέα, οὗ δὴ ἔνερθεν τὸ πῦρ καίεται, καταθέσθαι ἐκέλευσε.

Dewing John, therefore, calculating how he might reduce the amount of firewood used and have less to pay to the bakers in wages, and also how he might not lose in the weight of the bread, brought the still uncooked dough to the public baths of Achilles, in the basement of which the fire is kept burning, and bade his men set it down there.

Greek καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἀμωσγέπως ὀπτᾶσθαι ἐδόκει, ἐμβαλὼν θυλακίοις ἐνθέμενός τε ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶν ἔστελλε.

Dewing And when it seemed to be cooked in some fashion or other, he threw it into bags, put it on the ships, and sent it off.

Greek καὶ ἐπεὶ ὁ στόλος ἐς Μεθώνην ἀφίκετο, διαρρυέντες οἱ ἄρτοι ἐπανῆκον αὖθις ἐς ἄλευρα, οὐχ ὑγιᾶ μέντοι, σεσηπότα δὲ καὶ εὐρωτιῶντα καί τινα ὀσμὴν ἤδη βαρεῖαν φέροντα.

Dewing And when the fleet arrived at Methone, the loaves disintegrated and returned again to flour, not wholesome flour, but rotten and becoming mouldy and already giving out a sort of oppressive odour.

Greek ἐχορήγουν τε αὐτὰ τοῖς στρατιώταις πρὸς μέτρον οἷς προσέκειτο ἡ τιμὴ αὕτη, χοίνιξί τε ἤδη καὶ μεδίμνοις τὴν ἀρτοδαισίαν ποιούμενοι.

Dewing And the loaves were dispensed by measure⁠ to the soldiers by those to whom this office was assigned, and they were already making the distribution of the bread by quarts and bushels.

Greek τούτοις δὲ οἱ στρατιῶται ὥρᾳ θέρους ἐν χωρίῳ αὐχμοὺς ἔχοντι σιτιζόμενοι ἐνόσησάν τε καὶ αὐτῶν ἀπέθανον οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ πεντακόσιοι· ὃ δὴ καὶ τοῖς πλείοσι ξυμπεσεῖν ἔμελλεν, ἀλλὰ Βελισάριος διεκώλυσεν, ἄρτους αὐτοῖς ἐπιχωρίους χορηγεῖσθαι κελεύσας. βασιλεῖ δὲ τὸ πρᾶγμα δηλώσας αὐτὸς μὲν ηὐδοκίμησεν, οὐ μήν τινα τότε Ἰωάννῃ ζημίαν ἤνεγκε.

Dewing And the soldiers, feeding upon this in the summer time in a place where the climate is very hot, became sick, and not less than five hundred of them died; and the same thing was about to happen to more, but Belisarius prevented it by ordering the bread of the country to be furnished them. And reporting the matter to the emperor, he himself gained in favour, but he did not at that time bring any punishment upon John.

Greek Ταῦτα μὲν δὴ οὕτως ἐγένετο. ἐκ δὲ Μεθώνης ὁρμηθέντες ἀφίκοντο ἐς τὸν Ζακυνθίων λιμένα, ἔνθα δὴ ὕδωρ τε ἐμβεβλημένοι ὅσον σφίσιν ἐξικνεῖσθαι ἔμελλε τὸ Ἀδριατικὸν πέλαγος διαπλέουσι καὶ τὰ ἄλλα παρασκευασάμενοι ἔπλεον.

Dewing These events, then, took place in the manner described. And setting out from Methone they reached the harbour of Zacynthus, where they took in enough water to last them in crossing the Adriatic Sea, and after making all their other preparations, sailed on.

Greek ἀνέμου δὲ σφίσι μαλακοῦ τε καὶ νωθροῦ κομιδῆ ἐπιπνεύσαντος ἑκκαιδεκαταῖοι κατέπλευσαν τῆς Σικελίας ἐς χῶρον ἔρημον, οὗ τὸ ὄρος ἐγγὺς ἡ Αἴτνη ἀνέχει.

Dewing But since the wind they had was very gentle and languid, it was only on the sixteenth day that they came to land at a deserted place in Sicily near which Mount Aetna rises.

Greek ἐν δὲ τῷ διάπλῳ τούτῳ διατρίψασιν αὐτοῖς ὥσπερ εἴρηται, ξυνέπεσεν ἅπασι διαφθαρῆναι τὰ ὕδατα, πλήν γε δὴ οὗ Βελισάριός τε αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ ξυμπόται ἔπινον.

Dewing And while they were being delayed in this passage, as has been said, it so happened that the water of the whole fleet was spoiled, except that which Belisarius himself and his table-companions were drinking.

Greek τοῦτο γὰρ διεσώσατο μόνον ἡ Βελισαρίου γυνὴ τρόπῳ τοιῷδε. ἀμφορέας ἐξ ὑάλου πεποιημένους ὕδατος ἐμπλησαμένη οἰκίσκον τε ἐκ σανίδων ποιήσασα ἐν κοίλῃ νηὶ ἔνθα δὴ τῷ ἡλίῳ ἐσιέναι ἀδύνατα ἦν, ἐνταῦθα ἐς ψάμμον τοὺς ἀμφορέας κατέχωσε, ταύτῃ τε ἀπαθὲς τὸ ὕδωρ διέμεινε. τοῦτο μὲν οὖν οὕτως ἔσχε.

Dewing For this alone was preserved by the wife of Belisarius in the following manner. She filled with water jars made of glass and constructed a small room with planks in the hold of the ship where it was impossible for the sun to penetrate, and there she sank the jars in sand, and by this means the water remained unaffected. So much, then, for this.