第2巻 第9章

Greek Ἐνταῦθα ὁ Χοσρόης τοῖς πρέσβεσιν ἔλεξε τοιάδε “Οὐκ ἔξω τοῦ ἀληθοῦς τὸν παλαιὸν λόγον οἴομαι εἶναι, ὅτι δὴ οὐκ ἀκραιφνῆ τἀγαθὰ ὁ θεός, ἀλλὰ κεραννύων αὐτὰ τοῖς κακοῖς εἶτα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις παρέχεται.

Dewing Then Chosroes spoke to the ambassadors as follows: "Not far from the truth, I think, is the ancient saying that God does not give blessings unmixed, but He mingles them with troubles and then bestows them upon men.

Greek καὶ δι’ αὐτὸ οὐδὲ τὸ γελᾶν ἄκλαυστον ἔχομεν, παραπέπηγε δέ τις ἀεὶ τοῖς μὲν εὐτυχήμασι συμφορά, ταῖς δὲ ἡδοναῖς λύπη, οὐκ ἐῶσαί τινα γνησίας ποτὲ τῆς δεδομένης εὐημερίας ἀπόνασθαι.

Dewing And for this reason we do not even have laughter without tears, but there is always attached to our successes some misfortune, and to our pleasures pain, not permitting anyone to enjoy in its purity such good fortune as is granted.

Greek πόλιν γὰρ τήνδε, ἀξιολογωτάτην ἐς τὰ μάλιστα λεγομένην τε καὶ οὖσαν ἐν γῇ τῇ Ῥωμαίων, ἀπονώτατα μὲν ἑλεῖν ἴσχυσα, τοῦ θεοῦ αὐτοσχεδιάσαντος ἡμῖν, ὡς ὁρᾶτε δήπου, τὴν νίκην.

Dewing For this city, which is of altogether pre‑eminent importance in fact as well as in name in the land of the Romans I have indeed succeeded in capturing with the least exertion, since God has provided the victory all at once for us, as you doubtless see.

Greek φόνον μέντοι ἀνθρώπων ὁρῶντί μοι τοσούτων τὸ πλῆθος, αἵματί τε πολλῷ βεβαπτισμένον τὸ τρόπαιον, οὐδεμία τῆς ἀπὸ τῆς πράξεως ἡδονῆς γέγονεν αἴσθησις.

Dewing But when I behold the massacre of such a multitude of men, and the victory thus drenched in blood, there is in me no sense of the delight that should follow my achievement.

Greek καὶ τῶνδε οἱ ταλαίπωροι Ἀντιοχεῖς αἴτιοι, οἵ γε τειχομαχοῦντας μὲν οὐχ οἷοί τε γεγόνασι Πέρσας ἀπώσασθαι, πρὸς δὲ νενικηκότας ἤδη καὶ αὐτοβοεὶ τὴν πόλιν ἑλόντας θράσει θανατῶντες ἀλογίστῳ ζυγομαχεῖν ἔγνωσαν.

Dewing And for this the wretched men of Antioch are to blame, for when the Persians were storming the wall they did not prove able to keep them back, and then when they had already triumphed and had captured the city at the first cry these men with unreasoned daring sought to die fighting against them in close combat.

Greek πάντες μὲν οὖν οἱ Περσῶν δόκιμοι πολλὰ ἐνοχλοῦντες σαγηνεῦσαί τέ με τὴν πόλιν ἠξίουν καὶ ξύμπαντας διαφθεῖραι τοὺς ἡλωκότας, ἐγὼ δὲ τοὺς φεύγοντας ἐκέλευον εἰς τὴν ὑπαγωγὴν ἔτι μᾶλλον ὁρμᾶν, ὅπως ὅτι τάχιστα σώζοιντο. τὸ γὰρ ἐπεμβαίνειν τοῖς ἡλωκόσιν οὐχ

Dewing So while all the notables of the Persians were harassing me unceasingly with their demand that I should drag the city as with a net and destroy all the captives, I was commanding the fugitives to press on still more in their flight, in order that they might save themselves as quickly as possible. For to trample upon captives is not holy."

Greek ὅσιον.” τοσαῦτα μὲν ὁ Χοσρόης τερατευόμενός τε καὶ διαθρυπτόμενος τοῖς πρέσβεσιν εἶπεν, οὐκ ἔλαθε μέντοι αὐτοὺς ὅτου ἕνεκα τὸν καιρὸν φεύγουσι τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ἐνδοίη.

Dewing Such high-sounding and airy words did Chosroes speak to the ambassadors, but nevertheless it did not escape them why he gave time to the races in their flight.

Greek Ἦν γὰρ δεινότατος ἀνθρώπων ἁπάντων τὰ μὲν οὐκ ὄντα εἰπεῖν, τὰ δὲ ἀληθῆ ἀποκρύψασθαι, καὶ ὧν αὐτὸς ἐξημάρτανε τὰς αἰτίας τοῖς ἠδικημένοις ἐπενεγκεῖν· ἔτι δὲ ὁμολογῆσαι μὲν ἕτοιμος ἅπαντα καὶ ὅρκῳ τὴν ὁμολογίαν πιστώσασθαι, λίαν δὲ τῶν ἔναγχος αὐτῷ ξυγκειμένων τε καὶ ὀμωμοσμένων ἑτοιμότερος ἐς λήθην ἀφῖχθαι, καὶ χρημάτων μὲν ἕνεκεν ἐπὶ πᾶν ἄγος καθεῖναι τὴν ψυχὴν ἄοκνος, τῷ δὲ προσώπῳ σχηματίζεσθαι τὴν εὐλάβειαν ἀτεχνῶς ἔμπειρος, ἀφοσιοῦσθαί τε τῷ λόγῳ τὴν πρᾶξιν.

Dewing For he was the cleverest of all men in saying that which was not, and in concealing the truth, and in attributing the blame for the wrongs which he committed to those who suffered the wrong; besides he was ready to agree to everything and to pledge the agreement with an oath, and much more ready to forget completely the things lately agreed to and sworn to by him, and for the sake of money to debase his soul without reluctance to every act of pollution — a past master at feigning piety in his countenance, and absolving himself in words from the responsibility of the act. This man well displayed his own peculiar character on a certain occasion at Sura;

Greek ὃς καὶ Σουρηνούς, πρότερον οὐδὲν τὸ παράπαν ἠδικηκότας, δόλῳ τε περιελθὼν καὶ τρόπῳ ἀπολέσας τῷ εἰρημένῳ, ἐπειδὴ γυναῖκα κοσμίαν τε καὶ οὐκ ἀφανῆ ἁλισκομένης τῆς πόλεως εἶδεν ἐκ χειρὸς μὲν τῆς ἀριστερᾶς πρός του τῶν βαρβάρων ἑλκομένην ξὺν πολλῇ βίᾳ, παιδίον δὲ ὅπερ αὐτῇ ἄρτι τοῦ τιτθοῦ ἦν ἀπαλλαγὲν ἀφεῖναι μὲν οὐ βουλομένην, ἕλκουσαν δὲ θατέρᾳ χειρὶ ἐμπεπτωκὸς εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος, ἐπεί οἱ ξυντρέχειν οὐχ οἷόν τε ἦν τοῦτον δὴ τὸν βίαιον δρόμον, τὸν οἰκεῖον κἀνταῦθα ἐνδέδεικται τρόπον.

Dewing for after he had hoodwinked the inhabitants of the city by a trick and had destroyed them in the manner which I have described, although they had previously done him no wrong at all, he saw, while the city was being captured, a comely woman and one not of lowly station being dragged by her left hand with great violence by one of the barbarians; and the child, which she had only lately weaned, she was unwilling to let go, but was dragging it with her other hand, fallen, as it was, to the ground since it was not able to keep pace with that violent running.

Greek φασὶ γὰρ αὐτὸν στενάξαντα δῆθεν τῷ λόγῳ, δόκησίν τε ὡς εἴη δεδακρυμένος παρεχόμενον τοῖς τότε παροῦσιν ἄλλοις τε καὶ Ἀναστασίῳ τῷ πρεσβευτῇ, εὔξασθαι τὸν θεὸν τίσασθαι τὸν τῶν γεγονότων κακῶν αἴτιον.

Dewing And they say that he uttered a pretended groan, and making it appear to all who were present at that time including Anastasius the ambassador that he was all in tears, he prayed God to exact vengeance from the man who was guilty of the troubles which had come to pass.

Greek Ἰουστινιανὸν δὲ τὸν Ῥωμαίων αὐτοκράτορα παραδηλοῦν ἤθελεν, ἐξεπιστάμενος ὅτι δὴ αὐτὸς αἰτιώτατος ἁπάντων εἴη.

Dewing Now Justinian, the Emperor of the Romans, was the one whom he wished to have understood, though he knew well that he himself was most responsible for everything.

Greek τοσαύτῃ χρώμενος φύσεως ἀτοπίᾳ Χοσρόης βασιλεύς τε Περσῶν γέγονε ʽΖάμου τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τοῦ δαιμονίου πηρώσαντος, ὅσπερ τῷ χρόνῳ τὰ πρωτεῖα ἐς τὴν βασιλείαν ἐφέρετο μετά γε τὸν Καόσην, ὅνπερ οὐδενὶ λόγῳ ἐμίσει Καβάδησ̓ καὶ πόνῳ οὐδενὶ τῶν οἱ ἐπαναστάντων ἐκράτησε, κακά τε Ῥωμαίους ὅσα ἐβούλευσεν εὐπετῶς ἔδρασε.

Dewing Endowed with such a singular nature Chosroes both became King of the Persians (for ill fortune had deprived Zames of his eye, he who in point of years had first right to the kingdom, at any rate after Caoses, whom Cabades for no good reason hated), and with no difficulty he conquered those who revolted against him, and all the harm which he purposed to do the Romans he accomplished easily.

Greek βουλομένη γάρ τινα μέγαν ἀεὶ ποιεῖν ἡ τύχη πράσσει τοῖς καθήκουσι χρόνοις τὰ δόξαντα, οὐδενὸς τῇ ῥύμῃ τῆς βουλήσεως ἀντιστατοῦντος, οὔτε τὸ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς διασκοπουμένη ἀξίωμα οὔτε ὅπως μὴ γένηταί τι τῶν οὐ δεόντων λογιζομένη, οὐδὲ ὅτι βλασφημήσουσιν ἐς αὐτὴν διὰ ταῦτα πολλοί, τὸ γεγονὸς αὐτῇ παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν τοῦ τῆς χάριτος τετυχηκότος χλευάζοντες, οὐδὲ ἄλλο τῶν πάντων οὐδὲν ἐν νῷ ποιουμένη, ἢν τὸ δόξαν αὐτῇ περαίνοιτο μόνον. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ὅπη τῷ θεῷ φίλον ἐχέτω.

Dewing For every time when Fortune wishes to make a man great, she does at the fitting times those things which she has decided upon, with no one standing against the force of her will; and she neither regards the man's station, nor purposes to prevent the occurrence of things which ought not to be, nor does she give heed that many will blaspheme against her because of these things, mocking scornfully at that which has been done by her contrary to the deserts of the man who receives her favour; nor does she take into consideration anything else at all, if only she accomplish the thing which has been decided upon by her. But as for these matters, let them be as God wishes.

Greek Χοσρόης δὲ τὸ μὲν στράτευμα τῶν Ἀντιοχέων τοὺς περιόντας ζωγρεῖν καὶ ἀνδραποδίζειν ἐκέλευε καὶ τὰ χρήματα πάντα ληίζεσθαι, αὐτὸς δὲ ξὺν τοῖς πρέσβεσιν ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἀπὸ τῆς ἄκρας κατέβαινεν, ὅπερ ἐκκλησίαν καλοῦσιν.

Dewing Chosroes commanded the army to capture and enslave the survivors of the population of Antioch, and to plunder all the property, while he himself with the ambassadors descended from the height to the sanctuary which they call a church.

Greek ἐνταῦθα κειμήλια χρυσοῦ τε καὶ ἀργύρου τοσαῦτα τὸ πλῆθος ὁ Χοσρόης εὗρεν, ὥστε τῆς λείας ἄλλο οὐδὲν ὅτι μὴ τὰ κειμήλια ταῦτα λαβὼν πλούτου τι μέγεθος περιβεβλημένος ἀπιὼν ᾤχετο.

Dewing There Chosroes found stores of gold and silver so great in amount that, though he took no other part of the booty except these stores, he departed possessed of enormous wealth.

Greek καὶ μάρμαρά τε πολλὰ καὶ θαυμαστὰ ἐνθένδε ἀφελὼν ἔξω τοῦ περιβόλου ἐκέλευε κατατίθεσθαι, ὅπως καὶ ταῦτα ἐς τὰ Περσῶν ἤθη κομίσωνται.

Dewing And he took down from there many wonderful marbles and ordered them to be deposited outside the fortifications, in order that that they might convey these too to the land of Persia.

Greek ταῦτα διαπεπραγμένος ξύμπασαν τὴν πόλιν ἐμπρῆσαι Πέρσαις ἐπέστελλε. καὶ αὐτοῦ οἱ πρέσβεις ἐδέοντο τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἀπέχεσθαι μόνης, ἧς τὰ λύτρα κεκομισμένος διαρκῶς εἴη.

Dewing When he had finished these things, he gave orders to the Persians to burn the whole city. And the ambassadors begged him to withhold his hand only from the church, for which he had carried away ransom in abundance.

Greek ὁ δὲ τοῦτο τοῖς πρέσβεσι ξυγκεχωρηκὼς τἄλλα καίειν ἐκέλευε πάντα, ὀλίγους τέ τινας αὐτόθι ἀπολιπὼν τοὺς τὴν πόλιν ἐμπρήσοντας, αὐτὸς ξὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις ἅπασιν ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον ἀπεχώρησεν οὗ καὶ πρότερον διεσκηνημένοι ἐτύγχανον.

Dewing This he granted to the ambassadors, but gave orders to burn everything else; then, leaving there a few men who were to fire the city, he himself with all the rest retired to the camp where they had previously set up their tents.