第2巻 第7章

Greek Οὕτω μὲν οὖν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ὅ τε Μέγας ἐνθένδε ἀπαλλαγεὶς τὴν ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀντιοχέας ἤλαυνε καὶ ὁ Χοσρόης τὰ λύτρα λαβὼν ἐς Βέροιαν ᾔει.

Dewing Thus, then, on that day Megas departed thence and when on the way to Antioch, while Chosroes after receiving the ransom was moving toward Beroea.

Greek Βέροια δὲ Ἀντιοχείας μὲν καὶ Ἱεραπόλεως μεταξὺ κεῖται, δυοῖν δὲ ἡμερῶν ὁδῷ εὐζώνῳ ἀνδρὶ ἑκατέρας διέχει.

Dewing This city lies between Antioch and Hierapolis, at a distance from both of two days' journey for an unencumbered traveller.

Greek ὁ μὲν οὖν Μέγας ἅτε ξὺν ὀλίγοις τισὶ πορευόμενος ὀξύτερον ᾔει, ὁ δὲ Περσῶν στρατὸς μοῖραν ἀεὶ τὴν ἡμίσειαν τῆς ὁδοῦ ἤνυε.

Dewing Now while Megas, who travelled with a small company, advanced very quickly, the Persian army was accomplishing only one half of the distance which he travelled each day.

Greek τετάρτῃ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ ὁ μὲν ἐς Ἀντιόχειαν, οἱ δὲ ἐς τὸ Βεροίας προάστειον ἦλθον.

Dewing And so on the fourth day he reached Antioch, while the Persians came to the suburb of Beroea.

Greek καὶ χρήματα Χοσρόης τοὺς Βεροιαίους τὸν Παῦλον στείλας εὐθὺς ἔπραττεν, οὐχ ὅσα πρὸς τῶν Ἱεραπολιτῶν ἔλαβε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τούτων διπλάσια, ἐπεὶ τὸ τεῖχος αὐτοῖς ἐπιμαχώτατον ὂν πολλαχῆ εἶδε.

Dewing And Chosroes immediately sent Paulus and demanded money of the Beroeans, not only as much as he had received from the Hierapolitans, but double the amount, since he saw that their wall in many places was very vulnerable.

Greek Βεροιαῖοι δέ ʽθαρρεῖν γὰρ ἐπὶ τῷ περιβόλῳ οὐδαμῆ εἶχον’ ξὺν προθυμίᾳ μὲν ὑπεδέξαντο ἅπαντα δώσειν, δισχίλια δὲ δόντες ἀργύρου σταθμά, τὰ λειπόμενα διδόναι οὐκ ἔφασαν οἷοί τε εἶναι.

Dewing As for the Beroeans, since they could by no means place confidence in their fortifications, they Florida agreed to gate Jalapa, but after giving two thousand pounds of silver, they said that they were not able to give the remainder.

Greek ἐγκειμένου τε σφίσι διὰ ταῦτα Χοσρόου, νυκτὸς ἐπιλαβούσης ἐς τὸ φρούριον ἅπαντες ὃ ἐν τῇ ἀκροπόλει ἐστὶ κατέφυγον ξὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις στρατιώταις, οἳ δὴ ἐνταῦθα ἐπὶ φυλακῇ ἐτετάχατο.

Dewing And since Chosroes pressed them on this account, on the following night all of them fled for refuge into the fortress which is on the acropolis together with the soldiers who had been stationed there to guard the place.

Greek τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐστέλλοντο μὲν πρὸς Χοσρόου ἐς τὴν πόλιν τινὲς ἐφ’ ᾧ τὰ χρήματα λήψονται, οἱ δὲ ἄγχιστά πη τοῦ περιβόλου γενόμενοι κεκλεισμένας μὲν τὰς πύλας ἁπάσας εὗρον, ἀνθρώπων δὲ οὐδενὶ ἐντυχεῖν ἔχοντες τῷ βασιλεῖ τὰ παρόντα σφίσιν ἐσήγγελλον.

Dewing And on the following day men were sent to the city by Chosroes in order to receive the money; but in coming near the fortifications they found all the gates closed, and being unable to discover any man, they reported the situation to the king.

Greek καὶ ὃς τῷ τείχει κλίμακας ἐπιθέντας ἀποπειρᾶσθαι τῆς ἀνόδου ἐκέλευεν, οἱ δὲ κατὰ ταῦτα ἐποίουν.

Dewing And he commanded them to set ladders against the wall and to make trial of mounting it, and they did as directed.

Greek οὐδενός τε σφίσιν ἀντιστατοῦντος, ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου γενόμενοι τὰς μὲν πύλας κατ’ ἐξουσίαν ἀνέῳγον,

Dewing Then since no one opposed them, they got inside the fortifications and opened the gates at their leisure,

Greek ἐδέχοντο δὲ τῇ πόλει τόν τε στρατὸν ἅπαντα καὶ Χοσρόην αὐτόν. θυμῷ τε πολλῷ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἤδη ἐχόμενος τὴν πόλιν ὀλίγου δέοντος ἐνέπρησε πᾶσαν. ἐς δὲ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὸ φρούριον τειχομαχεῖν ἔγνω.

Dewing and received into the city the whole army and Chosroes himself. By this time the king was furious with anger and he fired nearly the whole city. He then mounted the acropolis and decided to storm the fortress.

Greek ἐνταῦθα οἱ. μὲν Ῥωμαίων στρατιῶται καρτερῶς ἀμυνόμενοι τῶν πολεμίων τινὰς ἔκτεινον, τῷ δὲ Χοσρόῃ εὐτύχημα μέγα τῷ τῶν πολιορκουμένων ἀξυνέτῳ γενέσθαι ξυνέβη, οἳ δὴ οὐ μόνοι ἐς τὸ φρούριον τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ ξύν τε τοῖς ἵπποις καὶ ζῴοις τοῖς ἄλλοις κατέφυγον, ταύτῃ τε τῇ σμικρολογίᾳ καταστρατηγηθέντες ἐς κίνδυνον ἦλθον.

Dewing There indeed the Roman soldiers while valiantly defending themselves slew some of the enemy; but Chosroes was greatly favoured by fortune by reason of the folly of the besieged, who had not sought refuge in this fortress by themselves, but along with all their horses and other animals, and by this inconsiderate act they were placed at a great disadvantage and began to be in danger.

Greek μιᾶς γὰρ οὔσης ἐνταῦθα πηγῆς, ἵππων τε καὶ ἡμιόνων καὶ ζῴων ἑτέρων οὐ δέον αὐτὴν ἐκπεπωκότων, ἀποξηρανθῆναι ξυνέβη τὸ ὕδωρ. Βεροιαίοις μὲν τὰ πράγματα ὧδέ πη εἶχεν.

Dewing For since there was only one spring there and the horses and mules and other animals drank from it when they should not have done so, it came about that the water was exhausted. Such, then, was the situation of the Beroeans.

Greek Ὁ δὲ Μέγας εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν ἀφικόμενος ἀγγείλας τε ὅσα οἱ πρὸς Χοσρόην ξυνέκειτο, ἔργῳ ταῦτα ἐπιτελεῖν οὐδαμῆ ἔπειθεν.

Dewing Megas, upon reaching Antioch and announcing the terms arranged by him with Chosroes, failed utterly to persuade them to carry out this agreement.

Greek ἐτύγχανε γὰρ Ἰουστινιανὸς βασιλεὺς Ἰωάννην τε τὸν Ῥουφίνου καὶ Ἰουλιανὸν τὸν τῶν ἀπορρήτων γραμματέα πρέσβεις παρὰ Χοσρόην στείλας. ἀσηκρήτις καλοῦσι τὸ ἀξίωμα τοῦτο Ῥωμαῖοι· σήκρητα γὰρ καλεῖν τὰ ἀπόρρητα νενομίκασιν.

Dewing For it happened that the Emperor Justinian had sent John, the son of Rufinus, and Julian, his private1 secretary, as ambassadors to Chosroes. The person holding this office is styled "a secretis" by the Romans; for secrets they are accustomed to call "secreta."

Greek οἳ δὴ ἐς Ἀντιόχειαν ἀφικόμενοι ἔμενον. Ἰουλιανός τε, τῶν πρέσβεων ἅτερος, διαρρήδην ἀπεῖπεν ἅπασι χρήματα μὴ διδόναι τοῖς πολεμίοις, μηδὲ τὰς βασιλέως ὠνεῖσθαι πόλεις, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ Γερμανῷ διέβαλλε τὸν ἀρχιερέα Ἐφραίμιον, ἅτε τῷ Χοσρόῃ ἐνδοῦναι τὴν πόλιν ἐν σπουδῇ ἔχοντα.

Dewing These men had reached Antioch and were remaining there. Now Julian, one of the ambassadors, explicitly forbade everybody to give money to the enemy, or to purchase the cities of the emperor, and besides he denounced to Germanus the chief priest Ephraemius, as being eager to deliver over the city to Chosroes.

Greek διὸ δὴ Μέγας ἄπρακτος ἀνεχώρησεν. Ἐφραίμιος δέ, ὁ τῆς Ἀντιοχείας ἐπίσκοπος, δείσας τὴν Περσῶν ἔφοδον ἐς Κίλικας ἦλθεν.

Dewing For this reason Megas returned unsuccessful. But Ephraemius, the bishop of Antioch, fearing the attack of the Persians, went into Cilicia.

Greek οὗ δὴ καὶ Γερμανὸς ἀφίκετο οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον, ὀλίγους μέν τινας ἐπαγόμενος, τοὺς δὲ πλείστους ἐνταῦθα ἐάσας.

Dewing There too came Germanus not long afterwards, taking with him some few men but leaving the most of them in Antioch.

Greek Μέγας δὲ κατὰ τάχος ἐς Βέροιαν ἥκων περιώδυνός τε τοῖς ξυμπεσοῦσι γενόμενος ᾐτιᾶτο Χοσρόην εἰργάσθαι Βεροιαίους ἀνόσια ἔργα, ὅτι δὴ αὐτὸν μὲν ἐς Ἀντιόχειαν ὡς ἐπὶ ταῖς σπονδαῖς στείλειε, τῶν δὲ πολιτῶν οὐδὲν τὸ παράπαν ἠδικηκότων τά τε χρήματα ἐληίσατο καὶ ἠνάγκασε σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐν τούτῳ δὴ τῷ φρουρίῳ καθεῖρξαι, οὕτω τε τὴν πόλιν ἐμπρήσας ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος οὐ δέον καθεῖλε.

Dewing Megas then came in haste to Beroea, and in vexation at what had taken place, he charged Chosroes with having treated the Beroeans outrageously; for while, as it seemed, he had both plundered the property of the citizens, though they had committed no wrong at all, and had compelled them to shut themselves up in that fortress, and had then set fire to the city and razed it to the ground in defiance of right.

Greek πρὸς ταῦτα ὁ Χοσρόης ἀπεκρίνατο ὧδε “Τούτων μέντοι, ὦ ἑταῖρε, αὐτὸς αἴτιος, ἐνταῦθα ἀναγκάσας ἡμᾶς διατρῖψαι· οὐ γὰρ ἐν τῷ τεταγμένῳ καιρῷ, ἀλλὰ κατὰ πολὺ τούτου γε ὑστερήσας τανῦν ἀφῖξαι.

Dewing To this Chosroes replied as follows: "Verily, my friend, you yourself are responsible for these things, in having compelled us to delay here; for as it is, you have arrived, not at the appointed time, but far behind it.

Greek τῶν δὲ σῶν πολιτῶν τὴν ἀτοπίαν τί ἄν τις ἐπὶ πλεῖστον, ὦ βέλτιστε, μακρολογοίη; οἵ γε τακτὸν ἡμῖν ὡμολογηκότες ἀργύριον δώσειν ὑπὲρ τῆς σφῶν αὐτῶν σωτηρίας, οὔπω καὶ νῦν ἐπιτελεῖν οἴονται δεῖν τὰ ξυγκείμενα, ἀλλ’ ἀνέδην οὕτω χωρίου ἰσχύϊ θαρσήσαντες περιορῶσιν ἡμᾶς ὡς μάλιστα ἠναγκας μένους ἐς φρουρίου πολιορκίαν, ὡς ὁρᾷς δήπου, καθίστασθαι.

Dewing And as for the strange conduct of your fellow-citizens, my most excellent sir, why should one make speeches of great length? For after agreeing to give us a fixed amount of silver for their own safety, they even now do not think it necessary to fulfil the agreement, but pla­cing such complete confidence in the strength of their position, they are disregarding us absolutely while we are compelled to undertake a siege of a fortress, as you surely see.

Greek οὕς γε δὴ ἔγωγε ξὺν θεοῖς ἐλπίδα ἔχω ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον τίσασθαι, καὶ Περσῶν τῶν μοι οὐ δέον πρὸ τοῦδε τοῦ τείχους ἀπολωλότων τὴν κόλασιν ἐς τοὺς αἰτίους ἐπιτελέσειν.”

Dewing But for my part, I have hope that with the help of the gods I shall have vengeance upon them shortly, and execute upon the guilty the punishment for the Persians whom I have lost wrongfully before this wall."

Greek ὁ μὲν Χοσρόης τοσαῦτα εἶπεν, ὁ Μέγας δὲ ἀμείβεται ὧδε “Εἰ μέν, ὅτι βασιλεὺς ἀνθρώποις οἰκτροῖς τε καὶ ἀτιμοτάτοις ταῦτα ἐπικαλεῖς, σκοπήσειεν ἄν τις, ἀνάγκη μηδὲν ἀντιλέγοντα τοῖς εἰρημένοις ὁμολογεῖν· τῇ γὰρ ἐξουσίᾳ τῇ ἄλλῃ καὶ τὸ τῷ λόγῳ κρατεῖν ἕπεσθαι πέφυκεν·

Dewing So spoke Chosroes, and Megas replied as follows: "If one should consider that as king thou art making these charges against men who are in pitiable and most dishonoured plight, he would be compelled without a word of protest to agree with what thou hast said; for authority which is unlimited is bound by its very nature to carry with it also supremacy in argument;

Greek ἢν δέ τῳ ἐξῇ τἄλλα ἀποσεισαμένῳ τὸν ἀληθῆ λόγον ἑλέσθαι, οὐδὲν ἂν ἡμῖν, ὦ βασιλεῦ, δικαίως ἐπικαλεῖν ἔχοις· ὅπως δὲ ἅπαντα ἀκούσῃ πρᾴως.

Dewing but if one be permitted to shake off all else and the espouse the truth of the matter, thou wouldst have, O King, nothing with which justly to reproach us; but mayst thou hear all mildly.

Greek ἐγὼ μὲν γάρ, ἐπειδὴ ἅπερ Ἀντιοχεῦσιν ἐπήγγελλες, δηλώσων ἐστάλην, ἑβδομαῖός σοι ἐς ὄψιν ἥκων ʽοὗ τί ἂν γενέσθαι δύναιτο θᾶσσον;ʼ ταῦτά σοι ἐξειργασμένα ἐς πατρίδα τὴν ἐμὴν εὗρον.

Dewing First, after me, since the time when I was sent to declare to the men of Antioch the message which thou didst send them, seven days have passed (and what could be done more quickly than this?) and now coming into thy presence I find these things accomplished by the against my fatherland;

Greek οἱ δὲ δὴ πάντων ἤδη τῶν τιμιωτάτων ἐκστάντες, εἶτα ἐς τὸν περὶ ψυχῆς ἀγῶνα καθίστανται μόνον, κρείσσους, οἶμαι, γεγενημένοι ἤ σοί τι τὸ λοιπὸν τῶν χρημάτων εἰσφέρειν.

Dewing but these men, having already lost all that is most valuable, thereafter have only one struggle to engage in — that for life —

Greek τὸ γὰρ ἐκτιννύναι τι τῶν οὐ παρόντων ἀνθρώπῳ ἂν οὐδεμία μηχανὴ γένοιτο.

Dewing and have come, I think, so to be masters of the situation that they can no longer be compelled to pay thee any of the money. For to pay a thing which one does not possess could not be made possible for a man by any device.

Greek πάλαι δὲ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις εὖ τε καὶ καλῶς διώρισται τὰ τῶν πραγμάτων ὀνόματα· ἐν οἶς καὶ τόδε ἐστίν, ἀγνωμοσύνης κεχωρίσθαι ἀσθένειαν.

Dewing From of old indeed have the names of things been well and suitably distinguished by men; and among these distinctions is this, that want of power is separated from want of consideration.

Greek ἡ μὲν γὰρ τρόπου ἀκολασίᾳ ἐς τὸ ἀντιτείνειν χωροῦσα μισεῖσθαι, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, εἴωθεν, ἡ δὲ τῷ τῆς ὑπουργίας ἀδυνάτῳ ἐς ταὐτὸ τοῦτο ἐκφερομένη ἐλεεῖσθαι ἱκανῶς πέφυκεν.

Dewing For when the latter by reason of intemperance of mind proceeds to resistance, it is accustomed to be detested, as is natural, but when the former, because of the impossibility of performing a service, is driven to the same point, it deserves to be pitied.

Greek ἔασον τοίνυν ἡμᾶς ἅπαντα, ὦ βασιλεῦ, κληρωσαμένους τὰ χείριστα τοῦτο γοῦν φέρεσθαι παραμύθιον, τὸ μὴ δοκεῖν τῶν ξυμπεπτωκότων ἡμῖν αὐτοὺς αἰτίους γενέσθαι.

Dewing Permit, therefore, O King, that, while we receive as our portion all the direst misfortunes, we may take with us this consolation at least, that we should not seem to have been ourselves responsible for the things which have befallen us.

Greek καὶ χρήματα μέν σοι ὅσα λαβὼν ἔχεις διαρκεῖν οἴου, μὴ τῷ σῷ ταῦτα σταθμώμενος ἀξιώματι, ἀλλὰ τὴν Βεροιαίων σκοπῶν δύναμιν.

Dewing And as for money, consider that what thou hast taken into thy possession is sufficient for thee, not weighing this by thy position, but with regard to the power of the Beroeans.

Greek περαιτέρω δὲ ἡμᾶς βιάζου μηδέν, μή ποτε δόξῃς οἷς ἐγκεχείρηκας ἀδύνατος εἶναι· τὸ γὰρ ὑπερβάλλον ἀεὶ τῷ ἀμηχάνῳ τετίμηται· τὸ δὲ μὴ τοῖς ἀδυνάτοις ἐγχειρεῖν κράτιστον.

Dewing But beyond this do not force us in any way, lest perchance thou shouldst seem unable to accomplish the thing to which thou hast set thy hand; for excess is always punished by meeting obstacles that cannot be overcome, and the best course is not to essay the impossible.

Greek ταῦτα μὲν οὖν μοι ἀπολελογήσθω ἐν τῷ παραυτίκα ὑπὲρ ἀνδρῶν τῶνδε. ἢν δέ γε τοῖς ταλαιπώροις ξυγγενέσθαι δυνατὸς εἴην, ἔχοιμι ἄν τι καὶ ἄλλο τῶν νῦν με λεληθότων

Dewing Let this, then, be my defence for the moment in behalf of these men. But if I should be able to have converse with the sufferers, I should have something else also to say which has now escaped me."

Greek εἰπεῖν.” τοσαῦτα τὸν Μέγαν εἰπόντα ὁ Χοσρόης ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀφῆκεν ἰέναι. ὃς δὴ ἐνταῦθα γενόμενος καὶ τὰ ξυμπεσόντα ἀμφὶ τῇ πηγῇ μαθὼν ἅπαντα, δεδακρυμένος τε παρὰ Χοσρόην αὖθις ἀφίκετο καὶ πρηνὴς κείμενος οὐδὲν μὲν Βεροιαίοις ἰσχυρίζετο ἀπολελεῖφθαι τῶν πάντων χρημάτων, μόνα δέ οἱ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἱκέτευε χαριεῖσθαι τὰ σώματα.

Dewing So spoke Megas, and Chosroes permitted him to go into the acropolis. And when he had gone there and learned all that had happened concerning the spring, weeping he came again before Chosroes, and lying prone on the ground insisted that no money at all was left to the Beroeans, and entreated him to grant him only the lives of the men.

Greek ταῖς τε τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ὀλοφύρσεσιν ὁ Χοσρόης ἠγμένος τὴν δέησιν ἐπιτελῆ ἐποιεῖτο, καὶ διομοσάμενος ἅπασι τοῖς ἐν ἀκροπόλει τὰ πιστὰ ἔδωκε.

Dewing Moved by the tearful entreaties of the man Chosroes fulfilled ship request, and binding himself by an oath, gave pledges to all on the acropolis.

Greek Βεροιαῖοι δὲ παρὰ τοσοῦτον κινδύνου ἐλθόντες, ἀπέλιπόν τε τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀπαθεῖς κακῶν καὶ ἀπιόντες ᾤχοντο ὡς ἕκαστός πη·

Dewing Then the Beroeans, after coming into such great danger, left the acropolis free from harm, and departing went each his own way.

Greek ἐβούλετο. τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν ὀλίγοι μὲν αὐτοῖς τινες εἵποντο, οἱ δὲ πλεῖστοι ἐθελούσιοι παρὰ Χοσρόην αὐτόμολοι ἦλθον, ἐπικαλοῦντες ὅτι δὴ τὰς συντάξεις χρόνου μακροῦ σφίσι τὸ δημόσιον ὦφλε, καὶ ξὺν αὐτῷ ὕστερον ἐς τὰ Περσῶν ἤθη ἐχώρησαν.

Dewing Among the soldiers some few followed them, but the majority came as willing deserters to Chosroes, putting forth as their grievance that the government owed them their pay for a long time; and with him they later went into the land of Persia.