第2巻 第6章

Greek Ἐτύγχανε δὲ ὀλίγῳ ἔμπροσθεν βασιλεὺς ἀρχὴν τῆς ἕω τὴν στρατηγίδα διελὼν δίχα, καὶ τὰ μὲν ἄχρι ἐς ποταμὸν Εὐφράτην ἐς τὸ Βελισαρίου ἀπολιπὼν ὄνομα ὃς ξύμπασαν τὴν ἀρχὴν τὰ πρότερα εἶχε, τὰ δὲ ἐνθένδε μέχρι τῶν Περσικῶν ὁρίων τῷ Βούζῃ ἐπιτρέψας, ὃν δὴ ἁπάσης ἐπιμέλεσθαι τῆς ἑῴας ἀρχῆς, ἕως Βελισάριος ἐξ Ἰταλίας ἐπανήκοι, ἐκέλευε.

Dewing It had happened a little before this that the emperor had divided into two parts the military command of the East, leaving the portion as far as the River Euphrates under the control of Belisarius who formerly held the command of the whole, while the portion from there as far as the Persian boundary he entrusted to Bouzes, commanding him to take charge of the whole territory of the East until Belisarius should return from Italy.

Greek διὸ δὴ ὁ Βούζης ἅπαντα τὸν στρατὸν ἑπόμενον ἔχων τὰ μὲν πρῶτα ἐπὶ τῆς Ἱεραπόλεως ἔμενεν· ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰ ξυμπεσόντα Σουρηνοῖς ἔμαθε, ξυγκαλέσας τοὺς

Dewing Bouzes therefore at first remained at Hierapolis, keeping his whole army with him; but when he learned what had befallen Sura, he called together the first men of the Hierapolitans and spoke as follows:

Greek Ἱεραπολιτῶν πρώτους ἔλεξε τοιάδε “Οἷς μὲν ἐξ ἀντιπάλου τῆς δυνάμεως πρὸς τοὺς ἐπιόντας ὁ ἀγών ἐστιν, ἐς χεῖρας τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος καθίστασθαι οὐδὲν ἀπεικός, οἷς δὲ τῶν ἐναντίων πολλῷ τῷ διαλλάσσοντι καταδεεστέροις ξυμβαίνει εἶναι, μηχαναῖς τισι τοὺς πολεμίους περιελθεῖν μᾶλλον ξυνοίσει ἢ ἐκ τοῦ ἐμφανοῦς ἀντιτασσομένοις ἐς κίνδυνόν τινα προὖπτον ἰέναι.

Dewing "Whenever men are confronted with a struggle against an assailant with whom they are evenly matched in strength, it is not at all unreasonable that they should engage in open conflict with the enemy; but for those who are by comparison much inferior to their opponents it will be more advantageous to circumvent their enemy by some kind of tricks than to array themselves openly against them and thus enter into foreseen danger.

Greek ἡλίκος μὲν οὖν ἐστιν ὁ Χοσρόου στρατὸς ἀκούετε δήπου. ἢν δὲ αὐτὸς μὲν πολιορκίᾳ ἡμᾶς ἐξελεῖν βούληται, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους τὸν πόλεμον διενέγκωμεν, ἡμᾶς μὲν τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἐπιλείψειν εἰκός, Πέρσας δὲ ἅπαντα ἐκ τῆς ἡμετέρας οὐδενὸς ἀντιστατοῦντος κομίζεσθαι.

Dewing How great, now, the army of Chosroes is you are assuredly informed. And if, with this army, he wishes to capture us by siege, and if we carry on the fight from the wall, it is probable that, while our supplies will fail us, the Persians will secure all they need from our land, where there will be no one to oppose them.

Greek ταύτῃ τε τῆς πολιορκίας μηκυνομένης, οὐδὲ ἀρκέσειν τὸν περίβολον ταῖς τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιβουλαῖς οἶμαι, ὃν δὴ ἐπιμαχώτατον πολλαχόσε τετύχηκεν εἶναι, καί τι Ῥωμαίοις τῶν ἀνηκέστων ξυμβήσεσθαι.

Dewing And if the siege is prolonged in this way, I believe too that the fortification wall will not withstand the assaults of the enemy, for in many places it is most susceptible to attack, and thus irreparable harm will come to the Romans.

Greek ἢν δέ γε μοίρᾳ μέν τινι τοῦ στρατοῦ τὸ τῆς πόλεως φυλάξωμεν τεῖχος, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ τὰς ἀμφὶ τὴν πόλιν ὑπωρείας καταλάβωσιν, ἐνθένδε καταθέοντες πὴ μὲν τὸ τῶν ἐναντίων στρατόπεδον, πὴ δὲ τοὺς τῶν ἐπιτηδείων ἕνεκα στελλομένους, ἀναγκάσουσι Χοσρόην αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα λύσαντα τὴν προσεδρείαν, τὴν ἀναχώρησιν δι’ ὀλίγου ποιήσασθαι, οὔτε τὰς προσβολὰς ἀδεέστερον ἐπάγειν τῷ περιβόλῳ παντελῶς ἔχοντα οὔτε τι τῶν ἀναγκαίων στρατῷ τοσούτῳ πορίζεσθαι.”

Dewing But if with a portion of the army we guard the wall of the city, while the rest of us occupy the heights about the city, we shall make attacks from there at times upon the camp of our antagonists, and at times upon those who are sent out for the sake of provisions, and thus compel Chosroes to abandon the siege immediately and to make his retreat within a short time; for he will not be at all able to direct his attack without fear against the fortifications, nor to provide any of the necessities for so great an army."

Greek τοσαῦτα ὁ Βούζης εἰπὼν λέγειν μὲν τὰ ξύμφορα ἔδοξεν, ἔπραξε δὲ τῶν δεόντων οὐδέν. ἀπολέξας γὰρ εἴ τι ἐν τῷ Ῥωμαίων στρατῷ δόκιμον ἦν,

Dewing So spoke Bouzes; and in his words he seemed to set forth the advantageous course of action, but of what was necessary he did nothing. For he chose out all that portion of the Roman army which was of marked excellence and was off.

Greek ἀπιὼν ᾤχετο. καὶ ὅποι ποτὲ γῆς ἐτύγχανεν οὔτε τις τῶν ἐν Ἱεραπόλει Ῥωμαίων οὔτε ὁ τῶν πολεμίων στρατὸς μαθεῖν ἴσχυσε. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ἐφέρετο τῇδε.

Dewing And where in the world he was neither any of the Romans in Hierapolis, nor the hostile army was able to learn. Such, then, was the course of these events.

Greek Βασιλεὺς δὲ Ἰουστινιανὸς πυθόμενος τὴν Περσῶν ἔφοδον, Γερμανὸν μὲν εὐθὺς τὸν ἀνεψιὸν τὸν αὑτοῦ ξὺν θορύβῳ πολλῷ τριακοσίους ἑπομένους ἔχοντα ἔπεμψε, στρατὸν δέ οἱ οὐκ ἐς μακρὰν ὑπέσχετο πολὺν ἕψεσθαι.

Dewing But the Emperor Justinian, upon learning of the inroad of the Persians, immediately sent his nephew Germanus with three hundred followers in great disorder, promising that after no great time a numerous army would follow.

Greek ἔς τε Ἀντιόχειαν ὁ Γερμανὸς ἀφικόμενος περιῆλθε τὸν περίβολον ἅπαντα κύκλῳ, καὶ αὐτοῦ ἐχυρὰ μὲν ὄντα τὰ πολλὰ ηὕρισκε ʽτά τε γὰρ ἐν τῷ ὁμαλεῖ ποταμὸς Ὀρόντης παραρρεῖ ξύμπαντα τοῖς ἐπιοῦσιν ἄπορα ἐργαζόμενος, καὶ τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀνάντει χωρίοις κρημνώδεσιν ἀνεχόμενα ἐσβατὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις ὡς ἥκιστα ἦν̓, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἄκρᾳ γενόμενος, ἣν δὴ Ὀροκασιάδα καλεῖν οἱ ταύτῃ ἄνθρωποι νενομίκασιν, ἐπιμαχώτατον κατενόησεν ὂν τὸ κατ’ αὐτὴν τεῖχος.

Dewing And Germanus, upon reaching Antioch, went around the whole circuit of the wall; and the greater part of it he found secure, for along that portion of it which lies on the level ground the River Orontes flows, making it everywhere difficult of access, and the portion which is on higher ground rises upon steep hills and is quite inaccessible to the enemy; but when he attained the highest point, which the men of that place are accustomed to call Orocasias, he noticed that the wall at that point was very easy to assail.

Greek πέτρα γὰρ τυγχάνει τις ἐνταῦθά πη οὖσα, εὔρους μὲν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἱκανῶς ἔχουσα, ὕψος δὲ ὀλίγῳ τοῦ περιβόλου ἐλασσουμένη.

Dewing For there happens to be in that place a rock, which spreads out to a very considerable width, and rises to a height only a little less than the fortifications.

Greek ἐκέλευεν οὖν ἢ τὴν πέτραν ἀποτεμνομένους βαθύν τινα βόθρον ἀμφὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἐργάζεσθαι, μή τις ἐνθένδε ἀναβησόμενος ἐπὶ τὸν περίβολον ἴοι, ἢ πύργον μέγαν τινὰ δειμαμένους ἐνταῦθα τὴν ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ οἰκοδομίαν ἐνάψαι τῷ τῆς πόλεως τείχει.

Dewing He therefore commanded that they should either cut off the rock by making a deep ditch along the wall, lest anyone should essay to mount from there upon the fortifications, or that they should build upon it a great tower and connect its structure with the wall of the city.

Greek ἀλλὰ τοῖς τῶν οἰκοδομιῶν ἀρχιτέκτοσι ποιητέα τούτων ἐδόκει οὐδέτερα εἶναι. οὔτε γὰρ ἐν χρόνῳ βραχεῖ ἐπιτελῆ ἔσεσθαι οὕτως ἐγκειμένης τῆς τῶν πολεμίων ἐφόδου, ἀρχόμενοί τε τοῦ ἔργου τούτου καὶ οὐκ ἐς πέρας αὐτοῦ ἐξικνούμενοι οὐκ ἄλλο οὐδὲν ἢ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐνδείξονται ὅπη ποτὲ τοῦ τείχους σφίσι πολεμητέα εἴη.

Dewing But to the architects of public buildings it seemed that neither one of these things should be done. For, as they said, the work would not be completed in a short time with the attack of the enemy so imminent, while if they began this work and did not carry it to completion, they would do nothing else than show to the enemy at what point in the wall they should make their attack.

Greek Γερμανὸς δὲ ταύτης δὴ τῆς ἐννοίας σφαλείς, τὰ μὲν πρῶτα στρατὸν ἐκ Βυζαντίου καραδοκῶν ἐλπίδα τινὰ ἐπ’ αὐτῷ εἶχεν.

Dewing Germanus, though disappointed in this plan, had some hope at first because he expected an army from Byzantium.

Greek ἐπεὶ δὲ χρόνου τριβέντος συχνοῦ οὔτε τις ἐκ βασιλέως στρατὸς ἀφίκετο οὔτε ὅτι ἀφίξεται ἐπίδοξος ἦν, ἐς δέος ἦλθε μὴ ὁ Χοσρόης πυθόμενος βασιλέως ἀνεψιὸν ἐνταῦθα εἶναι, προυργιαίτερον ἄλλου ὁτουοῦν ποιήσηται Ἀντιόχειάν τε καὶ αὐτὸν ἐξελεῖν, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων ἀφέμενος παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ἐπ’ αὐτὴν ἴοι.

Dewing But when, after considerable time had passed, no army arrived from the emperor nor was expected to arrive, he began to fear lest Chosroes, learning that the emperor's nephew was there, would consider it more important than any other thing to capture Antioch and himself, and for this reason would neglect everything else and come against the city with his whole army.

Greek ταῦτα καὶ Ἀντιοχεῦσιν ἐν νῷ ἔχουσι βουλήν τε ὑπὲρ τούτων πεποιημένοις ξυμφορώτατον ἔδοξεν εἶναι χρήματα προεμένοις Χοσρόῃ κίνδυνον τὸν παρόντα διαφυγεῖν.

Dewing The natives of Antioch also had these things in mind, and they held a council concerning them, at which it seemed most advisable to offer money to Chosroes and thus escape the present danger.

Greek Μέγαν τοίνυν, τὸν Βεροίας ἐπίσκοπον, ἄνδρα ξυνετόν ʽἐπιχωριάζων γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐτύγχανε τότἐ Χοσρόου δεησόμενον πέμπουσιν, ὃς δὴ ἐνθένδε σταλεὶς καταλαμβάνει τὸν Μήδων στρατὸν Ἱεραπόλεως οὐ μακρὰν ἄποθεν.

Dewing Accordingly they sent Megas, the bishop of Beroea, a man of discretion who at that time happened to be tarrying among them, to beg for mercy from Chosroes; and departing from there he came upon the Median army not far from Hierapolis.

Greek Χοσρόῃ τε ἐς ὄψιν ἥκων πολλὰ ἐλιπάρει ἀνθρώπους οἰκτεῖραι οἳ οὔτε τι ἐς αὐτὸν ἥμαρτον οὔτε τῇ Περσῶν στρατιᾷ οἷοί τε ἀντιτείνειν εἰσί.

Dewing And coming into the presence of Chosroes, he entreated him earnestly to have pity upon men who had committed no offence against him and who we are not able to hold out against the Persian army.

Greek πρέπειν γὰρ ἀνδρὶ βασιλεῖ πάντων ἥκιστα τοῖς ὑποχωροῦσι καὶ οὐδαμῆ ἐθέλουσιν ἀντιτάσσεσθαι ἐπεμβαίνειν τε καὶ βιάζεσθαι, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ τῶν νῦν δρωμένων βασιλικόν τι οὐδὲ γενναῖον αὐτῷ ἐργασθείη, ὅτι δὴ οὐ παρασχόμενος τῷ Ῥωμαίων βασιλεῖ βουλῆς τινα χρόνον, ὥστε ἢ τὴν εἰρήνην κρατύνασθαι, ὅπη ἂν ἑκατέρῳ δοκοίη, ἢ τὰ ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἐκ συνθήκης, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, ἐξαρτύεσθαι, ἀλλ’ οὕτως ἀνεπισκέπτως ἐπὶ Ῥωμαίους ἐν ὅπλοις ἔλθοι, οὔπω τοῦ σφετέρου βασιλέως ἐπισταμένου τὰ παρόντα σφίσι.

Dewing For it was becoming to a king least of all men to trample upon and do violence to those who retreated before him and were quite unwilling to array themselves against him; for not one of the things which he was then doing was a kingly or honourable act, because, without affording any time for consideration to the Roman emperor, so that he might either make the peace secure as might seem well to both sovereigns, or make his preparations for war in accordance with a mutual agreement, as was to be expected, he had thus recklessly advanced in arms against the Romans, while their emperor did not as yet know what had come upon them.

Greek ταῦτα ὁ Χοσρόης ἀκούσας λόγῳ ξυνετῷ τὸν τρόπον ῥυθμίζεσθαι ὑπὸ ἀμαθίας οὐδαμῶς ἴσχυσεν, ἀλλ’ ἔτι μᾶλλον τὴν διάνοιαν ἢ πρότερον ἤρθη.

Dewing When Chosroes heard this, he was utterly unable by reason of his stupidity to order his mind with reason and discretion, but still more than before he was lifted up in spirit.

Greek Σύρους τε οὖν ἠπείλησε καταστρέψασθαι καὶ Κίλικας πάντας, καί οἱ τὸν Μέγαν ἕπεσθαι κελεύσας ἐς τὴν Ἱεράπολιν ἐπῆγε τὸ στράτευμα.

Dewing He therefore threatened to destroy all the Syrians and Cilicians, and bidding Megas follow him, he led his army to Hierapolis.

Greek οὗ δὴ ἀφικόμενός τε καὶ ἐνστρατοπεδευσάμενος, ἐπειδὴ τόν τε περίβολον ὀχυρὸν ὄντα εἶδε καὶ στρατιωτῶν ἔμαθε φυλακτήριον διαρκῶς ἔχειν, χρήματα τοὺς Ἱεραπολίτας ᾔτει,

Dewing When he had come there and established his camp, since he saw that the fortifications were strong and learned that the city was well garrisoned with soldiers, he demanded money from the Hierapolitans, sending to them Paulus as interpreter.

Greek Παῦλον ἑρμηνέα παρ’ αὐτοὺς πέμψας. ὁ δὲ Παῦλος οὗτος ἐτέθραπτό τε ἐν γῇ τῇ Ῥωμαίων καὶ εἰς γραμματιστοῦ παρὰ Ἀντιοχεῦσιν ἐφοίτησεν, ἐλέγετο δὲ καὶ Ῥωμαῖος γένος τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς εἶναι.

Dewing This Paulus had been reared in Roman territory and had gone to an elementary school in Antioch, and besides he was said to be by birth of Roman extraction.

Greek οἱ δὲ μάλιστα μὲν καὶ ὣς ἀμφὶ τῷ περιβόλῳ δειμαίνοντες, χώραν περιβεβλημένῳ πολλὴν μέχρι ἐς τὸ ὄρος ὃ ταύτῃ ἀνέχει, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τὴν γῆν ἀδῄωτον ἔχειν ἐθέλοντες, ὡμολόγησαν ἀργύρου σταθμὰ δισχίλια δώσειν.

Dewing But in spite of everything the inhabitants were exceedingly fearful for the fortifications, which embraced a large tract of land as far as the hill which rises there, and besides they wished to preserve their land unplundered; accordingly they agreed to give two thousand pounds of silver.

Greek τότε δὴ Μέγας ὑπὲρ τῶν ἑῴων ἁπάντων Χοσρόην ἱκετεύων οὐκέτι ἀνίει, ἕως αὐτῷ ὁ Χοσρόης ὡμολόγησε δέκα τε χρυσοῦ κεντηνάρια λήψεσθαι καὶ πάσης ἀπαλλαγήσεσθαι τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἀρχῆς.

Dewing Then indeed Megas entreated Chosroes in behalf of all the inhabitants of the East, and would not cease his entreaty, until Chosroes promised him that he would accept ten centenaria of gold and depart from the whole Roman empire.