第2巻 第17章

Greek Χοσρόης δὲ καὶ ὁ Μήδων στρατός, ἐπειδὴ τὴν Ἰβηρίαν ἀμείψαντες ἐν τοῖς τῆς Λαζικῆς ὁρίοις, τῶν πρέσβεων σφίσιν ἡγουμένων, ἐγένοντο, τὰ δένδρα οὐδενὸς ἀντιστατοῦντος ἐκτέμνοντες, ἅπερ ἐνταῦθα συχνά τε καὶ δεινῶς ἀμφιλαφῆ τε καὶ ὑψηλὰ ἐν χωρίοις κρημνώδεσιν ὄντα παντάπασιν ἄβατον τῇ στρατιᾷ τὴν χώραν ἐποίει, ταῦτά τε ἐς τὰς δυσχωρίας ἐρρίπτουν καὶ ὅλως εὐπετῆ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀπειργάζοντο.

Dewing But Chosroes and the Median army, after crossing Iberia, reached the territory of Lazica under the leader­ship of the envoys; there with no one to withstand them they began to cut down the trees which grow thickly over that very mountainous region, rising to a great height, and spreading out their branches remarkably, so that they made the country absolutely impassable for the army; and these they threw into the rough places, and thus rendered the road altogether easy.

Greek ἀφικομένοις τε αὐτοῖς ἐς μέσην Κολχίδα ʽοὗ δὴ τά τε ἀμφὶ Μήδειαν καὶ Ἰάσονα οἱ ποιηταὶ γεγενῆσθαι μυθολογοῦσιν’ ἐλθὼν Γουβάζης, ὁ Λαζῶν βασιλεύς, προσεκύνησεν ἅτε δεσπότην Χοσρόην τὸν Καβάδου, αὑτόν τέ οἱ ξὺν τοῖς βασιλείοις καὶ Λαζικὴν ἐνδιδοὺς ἅπασαν.

Dewing And when they arrived in the centre of Colchis (the place where the tales of the poets say that the adventure of Medea and Jason took place), Goubazes, the king of the Lazi, came and did obeisance to Chosroes, the son of Cabades, as Lord, putting himself together with his palace and all Lazica into his hand.

Greek Ἔστι δὲ Πέτρα πόλις ἐπιθαλασσία ἐν Κόλχοις, πρὸς τῷ Εὐξείνῳ καλουμένῳ πόντῳ, ἣν δὴ φαῦλόν τι χωρίον τὰ πρότερα οὖσαν Ἰουστινιανὸς βασιλεὺς τῷ τε περιβόλῳ καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ κατασκευῇ ἐχυράν τε καὶ ἄλλως ἐπιφανῆ κατεστήσατο.

Dewing Now there is a coast city named Petra in Colchis, on the sea which is called the Euxine, which in former times had been a place of no importance, but which the Emperor Justinian had rendered strong and otherwise conspicuous by means of the circuit-wall and other buildings which he erected.⁠

Greek ἐνταῦθα τὸ Ῥωμαίων στράτευμα εἶναι ξὺν τῷ Ἰωάννῃ μαθὼν ὁ Χοσρόης στρατιάν τε καὶ στρατηγὸν Ἀνιαβέδην ὡς αὐτοβοεὶ ἐξελοῦντας ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς ἔπεμψε.

Dewing When Chosroes ascertained that Roman army was in that place with John, he sent an army and a general, Aniabedes, against them in order to capture the place at the first onset.

Greek γνοὺς δὲ Ἰωάννης τὴν ἔφοδον οὔτε τοῦ περιβόλου τινὰ ἔξω γενέσθαι οὔτε ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπάλξεων φανῆναι τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐκέλευσεν, ἀλλὰ πᾶν ἐξοπλίσας τὸ στράτευμα πλησίον που τῶν πυλῶν ἔστησεν, ἐπιστείλας σιγῇ ἔχεσθαι, μήτε ἦχον μήτε φωνὴν ἀφιέντας τινά.

Dewing But John, upon learning of their approach, gave orders that no one should go outside the fortifications nor allow himself to be seen from the parapet by the enemy, and he armed the whole army and stationed them in the vicinity of the gates, commanding them to keep silence and not allow the least sound of any kind to escape from them.

Greek οἱ γοῦν Πέρσαι ἄγχιστά που τοῦ περιβόλου γενόμενοι, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲν σφίσι πολέμιον οὔτε καθεωρᾶτο οὔτ’ ἠκούετο, ἔρημον ἀνδρῶν εἶναι τὴν πόλιν, Ῥωμαίων αὐτὴν ἐκλελοιπότων, ἐνόμιζον.

Dewing So the Persians came close to the fortifications, and since nothing of the enemy was either seen or heard by them they thought that the Romans had abandoned the city and left it destitute of men.

Greek διὸ δὴ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἀμφὶ τὸν περίβολον ἦλθον, ὡς κλίμακας εὐθύς, ἅτε οὐδενὸς ἀμυνομένου,

Dewing For this reason they closed in still more around the fortifications, so as to set up ladders immediately, since no one was defending the wall.

Greek ἐπιθήσοντες. πολέμιόν τε οὐδὲν οὔτε ὁρῶντες οὔτε ἀκούοντες, πέμψαντες παρὰ Χοσροην τὰ παρόντα σφίσιν ἐδήλουν.

Dewing And neither seeing nor hearing anything of the enemy, they sent to Chosroes and explained the situation.

Greek καὶ ὃς τὸ μὲν πλεῖστον τοῦ στρατοῦ πέμψας πανταχόθεν ἀποπειρᾶσθαι τοῦ περιβόλου ἐκέλευε, κριῷ τε τῇ μηχανῇ ἀμφὶ τᾶς πύλας χρῆσθαι τῶν τινι ἀρχόντων ἐπέστελλεν, ἐν δὲ τῷ λόφῳ καθήμενος ὃς δὴ τῇ πολει ὡς ἀγχοτάτω ἐπίκειται, θεατὴς τῶν πρασσομένων ἐγίνετο.

Dewing And he sent the greater part of the army, commanding them to make an attempt upon the fortifications from all sides, and he directed one of the officers to make use of the engine known as a ram around the gate, while he himself, seated on the hill which lies very close to the city, became a spectator of the operations.

Greek αὐτίκα δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι τάς τε πύλας ἀνέκλινον ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου καὶ ἀπροσδόκητοι ἐπιπεσόντες πλείστους τῶν πολεμίων διέφθειραν, καὶ μάλιστα τοὺς ἀμφὶ τὸν κριὸν τεταγμένους· οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ μόλις ξὺν τῷ στρατηγῷ διαφυγόντες ἐσώθησαν.

Dewing And straightway the Romans opened the gates all of a sudden, and unexpectedly fell upon and slew great numbers of the enemy, and especially those stationed about the ram; the rest with difficulty made their escape together with the general and were saved.

Greek θυμῷ τε ὁ Χοσρόης ἐχόμενος Ἀνιαβέδην ἀνεσκολόπισεν, ἅτε καταστρατηγηθέντα πρὸς τοῦ Ἰωάννου, καπήλου τε καὶ ἀπολέμου τὸ παράπαν ἀνδρός.

Dewing And Chosroes, filled with rage, impaled Aniabedes, since he had been outgeneralled by John, a tradesman and an altogether unwarlike man.

Greek τινὲς δὲ οὐκ Ἀνιαβέδην, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἄρχοντα ὃς δὴ ἐφειστήκει τοῖς τὸν κριὸν ἐνεργοῦσιν, ἀνασκολοπισθῆναί φασιν.

Dewing But some say, that not Aniabedes, but the officer commanding the men who were working the ram was impaled.

Greek αὐτὸς δὲ ἄρας παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ἄγχιστά τε τοῦ Πέτρας περιβόλου ἀφίκετο καὶ στρατοπεδευσάμενος ἐς πολιορκίαν καθίστατο.

Dewing And he himself broke camp with the whole army, and coming close to the fortifications of Petra, made camp and began a siege.

Greek τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ κύκλῳ περιιὼν τὸν περίβολον, ἐπεὶ οὐ λίαν ἀξιόμαχον αὐτὸν ὑπώπτευσεν εἶναι, τειχομαχεῖν ἔγνω. τό τε στράτευμα ὅλον ἐνταῦθα ἐπαγαγὼν ἔργου εἴχετο, καὶ τοξεύειν ἅπαντας ἐπὶ τὰς ἐπάλξεις ἐκέλευε.

Dewing On the following day he went completely around the fortifications, and since he suspected that they could not support a very strong attack, he decided to storm the wall. And bringing up the whole army there, he opened the action, commanding all to shoot with their bows against the parapet.

Greek Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ ἀμυνόμενοι ταῖς τε μηχαναῖς καὶ πᾶσιν ἐχρῶντο τοξεύμασι. τὰ μὲν οὖν πρῶτα Πέρσαι, καίπερ συχνὰ κομιδῆ βάλλοντες, ὀλίγα τε Ῥωμαίους ἐλύπουν καὶ πολλὰ πρὸς ἐκείνων, ἅτε ἀφ’ ὑψηλοῦ βαλλόμενοι,

Dewing The Romans, meanwhile, in defending themselves, made use of their engines of war and all their bows. At first, then, the Persians did the Romans little harm, although they were shooting their arrows thick and fast, while at the same time they suffered severely at the hands of the Romans, since they were being shot at from an elevation.

Greek κακὰ ἔπασχον. ἔπειτα δέ ʽκαὶ γὰρ ἔδει Πέτραν Χοσρόῃ ἁλῶναἰ βληθεὶς Ἰωάννης τύχῃ τινὶ ἐς τὸν τράχηλον θνήσκει, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ οἱ ἄλλοι Ῥωμαῖοι ἐς ὀλιγωρίαν ἁπάντων κατέστησαν.

Dewing But later on (since it was fated that Petra be captured by Chosroes), John by some chance was shot in the neck and died, and as a result of this the other Romans ceased to care for anything.

Greek τότε μὲν οὖν οἱ βάρβαροι ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον ἀνεχώρησαν· ἤδη γὰρ καὶ ξυνεσκόταζε· τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ διώρυχα ἐπὶ τὸν περίβολον ἐπενόουν τρόπῳ τοιῷδε.

Dewing Then indeed the barbarians withdrew to their camp; for it was already growing dark; but on the following day they planned to assail the fortifications by an excavation, as follows.

Greek Πέτρα ἡ πόλις πὴ μὲν ἐκ θαλάσσης ἀπρόσοδός ἐστι, πὴ δὲ ἐκ πετρῶν ἀποτόμων, αἳ ταύτῃ πανταχόθεν ἀνέχουσιν· ἀφ’ οὗ δὴ καὶ τὴν προσηγορίαν ἔλαχε ταύτην.

Dewing The city of Petra is on one side inaccessible on account of the sea, and on the other on account of the sheer cliffs which rise there on every hand; indeed it is from this circumstance that the city has received the name it bears.

Greek μίαν δὲ εἴσοδον ἐν τῷ ὁμαλεῖ ἔχει, καὶ ταύτην οὐ λίαν εὐρεῖαν· κρημνοὶ γὰρ αὐτῆς ἐφ’ ἑκάτερα ἐξαίσιοι ἀποκρέμανται.

Dewing And it has only one approach on the level ground, and that not very broad; for exceedingly high cliffs overhang it on either side.

Greek ἐνταῦθα προορώμενοι τὰ πρότερα οἱ τὴν πόλιν δειμάμενοι μὴ σφίσι τὸ ἐκείνῃ τοῦ περιβόλου μέρος ἐπίμαχον εἴη, τείχη μακρὰ παρὰ τὸν κρημνὸν ἑκάτερον τῆς εἰσόδου ἐπὶ πλεῖστον πεποίηνται.

Dewing At that point those who formerly built the city provided that portion of the walls should not be open to attack by making long walls which ran along beside either cliff and guarded the approach for a great distance.

Greek τούτων τε τῶν τειχῶν ἑκατέρωθι πύργους ἐτεκτήναντο δύο, οὐχ ᾗπερ εἰώθει, ἀλλὰ τρόπῳ ἑτέρῳ.

Dewing And they built two towers, one in each of these walls, not following the customary plan, but as follows.

Greek κενὸν γὰρ τὸ ἐν μέσῳ τῆς οἰκοδομίας χωρίον οὐδαμῆ εἴασαν, ἀλλ’ ὅλους ἐκ γῆς ἄχρι ἐς ὕψος μέγα τοὺς πύργους λίθοις παμμεγέθεσιν ἀλλήλων ἐχομένοις εἰργάσαντο, ὅπως δὴ κριῷ ἢ μηχανῇ ἄλλῃ ὡς ἥκιστα κατασείοιντο. τὰ μὲν οὖν Πέτρας τοῦ περιβόλου ταύτῃ πη ἔχει.

Dewing They refused to allow the space in the middle of the structure to be empty, but constructed the entire towers from the ground up to a great height of very large stones which fitted together, in order that they might never be shaken down by a ram or any other engine. Such, then, are the fortifications of Petra.

Greek Πέρσαι δὲ λάθρα ἐς τὴν γῆν κατώρυχα ποιησάμενοι ἔνερθεν θατέρου τῶν πύργων ἐγένοντο, τῶν τε λίθων ἐνθένδε πολλοὺς ἐκφοροῦντες, ξύλα ἐς τὴν ἐκείνων ἐτίθεντο χώραν, ἅπερ ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον ἔκαυσαν.

Dewing But the Persians secretly made a tunnel into the earth and got under one of the two towers, and from there carried out many of the stones and in their place put wood, which a little later they burned.

Greek ἥ τε φλὸξ κατὰ βραχὺ αἰρομένη, διέθρυψε μὲν τὴν τῶν λίθων ἰσχύν, ὅλον δὲ τὸν πύργον κατασείσασα ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος καθεῖλεν αὐτίκα.

Dewing And the flame, rising little by little, weakened the stones, and all of a sudden shook the whole tower violently and straightway brought it down to the ground.⁠

Greek Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ οἳ ἐν τῷ πύργῳ ἦσαν τοσοῦτον τῶν ποιουμένων ᾔσθοντο πρότερον, ὅσον αὐτῷ μὴ ξυμπεσεῖν ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος, ἀλλὰ φυγόντες ἐντὸς τοῦ τῆς πόλεως περιβόλου γενέσθαι.

Dewing And the Romans who were on the tower perceived what was being done in sufficient time so that they did not fall with it to the ground, but they fled and got inside the city wall.

Greek παρῆν τε ἤδη τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐν τῷ ὁμαλεῖ τειχομαχοῦσι πόνῳ ἐν οὐδενὶ τὴν πόλιν κατὰ κράτος ἑλεῖν.

Dewing And now it was possible for the enemy to storm the wall from the level, and thus with no trouble to take the city by force.

Greek διὸ δὴ κατωρρωδηκότες Ῥωμαῖοι τοῖς βαρβάροις ἐς λόγους ἦλθον, καὶ τὰ πιστὰ ὑπέρ τε τῶν σωμάτων καὶ τῶν χρημάτων πρὸς Χοσρόου λαβόντες, σφᾶς τε αὐτοὺς καὶ τὴν πόλιν ὁμολογίᾳ παρέδοσαν. οὕτω μὲν Πέτραν Χοσρόης εἷλε.

Dewing The Romans, therefore, in terror, opened negotiations with the barbarians, and receiving from Chosroes pledges concerning their lives and their property, they surrendered to him both themselves and the city. Thus Chosroes captured Petra.

Greek καὶ τὰ μὲν Ἰωάννου χρήματα λίαν ἁδρὰ εὑρὼν αὐτὸς ἔλαβε, τῶν δὲ ἄλλων οὐδενὸς οὔτε αὐτὸς οὔτε τις τῶν Περσῶν ἥψατο, ἀλλὰ Ῥωμαῖοι τὰ σφέτερα αὐτῶν ἔχοντες τῷ Μήδων στρατῷ ἀνεμίγνυντο.

Dewing And finding the treasures of John, which were extremely rich, he took them himself, but besides neither he himself nor anyone else of the Persians touched anything, and the Romans, retaining their own possessions, mingled with the Median army.