第2巻 第13章

Greek Τότε καὶ γράμματα Χοσρόῃ βασιλεὺς Ἰουστινιανὸς ἔγραψεν, ἐπιτελέσειν ὁμολογῶν τά τε αὐτῷ καὶ τοῖς πρέσβεσιν ἀμφὶ τῇ εἰρήνῃ ξυγκείμενα.

Dewing At that time also the Emperor Justinian wrote a letter to Chosroes, promising to carry out the agreement which had been made by him and the ambassadors regarding the peace.⁠

Greek ἅπερ ἐπεὶ ὁ Χοσρόης ἀπενεχθέντα εἶδε, τούς τε ὁμήρους ἀφῆκε καὶ συνεσκευάζετο ἐς τὴν ἄφοδον, τούς τε Ἀντιοχέων αἰχμαλώτους ἀποδίδοσθαι ἅπαντας ἤθελεν.

Dewing When this message was received by Chosroes, he released the hostages and made preparations for his departure, and he wished to sell off all the captives from Antioch.

Greek ὅπερ Ἐδεσσηνοὶ ἐπειδὴ ἔμαθον, προθυμίαν ἐπεδείξαντο ἀκοῆς κρείσσω. οὐ γὰρ ἦν οὐδεὶς ὃς οὐ τὰ λύτρα ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ φέρων ὑπὲρ τούτων δὴ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων κατὰ λόγον τῆς οὐσίας κατέθετο.

Dewing And when the citizens of Edessa learned of this, they displayed an unheard‑of zeal. For there was not a person who did not bring ransom for the captives and deposit it in the sanctuary according to the measure of his possessions.

Greek εἰσὶ δὲ οἷς καὶ μᾶλλον ἢ κατὰ λόγον ταῦτα ἐπράσσετο. αἵ τε γὰρ ἑταῖραι τὸν κόσμον ἀφελοῦσαι, ὅσος αὐταῖς ἐν τῷ σώματι ἦν, ἐνταῦθα ἐρρίπτουν, καὶ εἴ τῳ γεωργῷ ἐπίπλων ἢ ἀργυρίου σπανίζοντι ὄνος ἢ προβάτιον ἦν, τοῦτο δὴ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν σπουδῇ πολλῇ ἦγεν.

Dewing And there were some who even exceeded their proportionate amount in so doing. For the harlots took off all the adornment which they wore on their persons, and threw it down there, and any farmer who was in want of plate or of money, but who had an ass or a sheep, brought this to the sanctuary with great zeal.

Greek ἀθροίζεται μὲν οὖν χρυσοῦ τε καὶ ἀργύρου καὶ ἄλλων χρημάτων πάμπολυ πλῆθος,

Dewing So there was collected an exceedingly great amount of gold and silver and money in other forms, but not a bit of it was given for ransom.

Greek δέδοται δὲ ὑπὲρ λύτρων οὐδέν. Βούζης γὰρ ἐνταῦθα παρὼν ἔτυχεν, ὃς διακωλῦσαι τὴν πρᾶξιν ὑπέστη, κέρδος οἱ ἔσεσθαι μέγα τι ἐνθένδε καραδοκῶν. διὸ δὴ ὁ Χοσρόης τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ἅπαντας ἐπαγόμενος πρόσω ἐχώρει.

Dewing For Bouzes happened to be present there, and he took in hand to prevent the transaction, expecting that this would bring him some great gain. Therefore Chosroes moved forward, taking with him all the captives.

Greek Καρρηνοὶ δὲ ἀπήντων χρήματα πολλὰ προτεινόμενοι· ὁ δὲ οὐ προσήκειν ἔφασκεν, ὅτι δὴ οἱ πλεῖστοι οὐ Χριστιανοί, ἀλλὰ δόξης τῆς παλαιᾶς τυγχάνουσιν ὄντες.

Dewing And the citizens of Carrhae met him holding out to him great sums of money; but he said that it did not belong to him because the most of them are not Christians but are of the old faith.

Greek Καὶ μὴν καὶ Κωνσταντινιέων χρήματα διδόντων ἐδέξατο, καίπερ φάσκων οἱ ἐκ πατέρων προσήκειν τὴν πόλιν. ἐπειδὴ γὰρ Καβάδης Ἀμίδαν εἷλεν, Ἔδεσσάν τε καὶ Κωνσταντίναν ἐξελεῖν ἤθελεν.

Dewing But when, likewise, the citizens of Constantina offered money, he accepted it, although he asserted that the city belonged to him from his fathers. For at the time when Cabades took Amida, he wished also to capture Edessa and Constantina.

Greek ἀλλ’ Ἐδέσσης μὲν ἀγχοῦ γενόμενος τῶν μάγων ἀνεπυνθάνετο εἴ οἱ ἁλώσιμος ἡ πόλις ἔσται, δείξας τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρὶ τὸ χωρίον αὐτοῖς.

Dewing But when he came near to Edessa he enquired of the Magi whether it would be possible for him to capture the city, pointing out the place to them with his right hand.

Greek οἱ δὲ αὐτῷ τὴν πόλιν ἁλώσεσθαι οὐδεμιᾷ μηχανῇ ἔλεγον, τεκμαιρόμενοι ὅτι δὴ τὴν δεξιὰν αὐτῇ χεῖρα προτείνας, οὐχ ἁλώσεως ταύτῃ οὐδὲ ἄλλου ὁτουοῦν χαλεποῦ ξύμβολον, ἀλλὰ σωτηρίας διδοίη.

Dewing But they said that the city would not be captured by him by any device, judging by the fact that in stretching out his right hand to it he was not giving thereby the sign of capture or of any other grievous thing, but of salvation.

Greek καὶ ὃς ταῦτα ἀκούσας, ἐπείθετό τε καὶ ἐπῆγεν ἐπὶ Κωνσταντίναν τὸ στράτευμα.

Dewing And when Cabades heard this, he was convinced and led his army on to Constantina.

Greek ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἀφικόμενος ἐνστρατοπεδεύεσθαι παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ὡς πολιορκήσων ἐπέστελλεν.

Dewing And upon arriving there, he issued orders to the whole army to encamp for a siege.

Greek ἦν δὲ Κωνσταντίνης ἱερεὺς τότε Βαράδοτος, ἀνὴρ δίκαιός τε καὶ τῷ θεῷ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα φίλος, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ἐνεργοῦσαν ἐς ὅ τι βούλοιτο ἀεὶ τὴν εὐχὴν ἔχων· οὗ καὶ τὸ πρόσωπον ἰδὼν ἄν τις εὐθὺς εἴκασεν ὅτι δὴ τῷ θεῷ ἐνδελεχέστατα κεχαρισμένος ὁ ἀνὴρ εἴη.

Dewing Now the priest of Constantina was at that time Baradotus, a just man and especially beloved of God, and his prayers for this reason were always effectual for whatever he wished; and even seeing his face one would have straightway surmised that this man was most completely acceptable to God.

Greek οὗτος ὁ Βαράδοτος τηνικαῦτα παρὰ τὸν Καβάδην ἐλθὼν οἶνόν τε ἤνεγκε καὶ ἰσχάδας καὶ μέλι καὶ καθαροὺς ἄρτους, καὶ αὐτοῦ ἐδεῖτο μὴ ἀποπειρᾶσθαι πόλεως ἣ οὔτε λόγου ἀξία ἐστὶ καὶ πρὸς Ῥωμαίων ἀπημέληται λίαν, οὔτε στρατιωτῶν φρουρὰν ἔχουσα οὔτε ἄλλο τι φυλακτήριον, ἀλλὰ τοὺς οἰκήτορας μόνους, ἀνθρώπους οἰκτρούς.

Dewing This Baradotus came then to Cabades bearing wine and dried figs and honey and unblemished loaves, and entreated him not to make an attempt on a city which was not of any importance and which was very much neglected by the Romans, having neither a garrison of soldiers nor any other defence, but only the inhabitants, who were pitiable folk.

Greek ὁ μὲν ταῦτα εἶπε· Καβάδης δὲ αὐτῷ τήν τε πόλιν χαριεῖσθαι ὡμολόγησε καὶ τοῖς σιτίοις ἐδωρήσατο αὐτὸν ἅπασιν ὅσα οἱ τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἐς τὴν πολιορκίαν ἡτοίμαστο, μεγάλοις ὑπερφυῶς οὖσιν· οὕτω τε ἀπηλλάσσετο ἐκ γῆς τῆς Ῥωμαίων. διὸ δὴ ὁ Χοσρόης ἐκ πατέρων οἱ προσήκειν ἠξίου τὴν πόλιν.

Dewing Thus spoke the priest; and Cabades promised that he would grant him the city freely, and he presented him with all the food-supplies which had been prepared by him for the army in anticipation of the siege, an exceedingly great quantity; and thus he departed from the land of the Romans. For this reason it was that Chosroes claimed that the city belonged to him from his fathers.

Greek Ἐς Δάρας τε ἀφικόμενος ἐς πολιορκίαν καθίστατο. ἔνδοθεν δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ Μαρτῖνος ὁ στρατηγός ʽκαὶ γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ὢν ἔτυχἐ τὰ ἐς ἀντίστασιν ἐξηρτύοντο.

Dewing And when he reached Daras, he began a siege; but within the city the Romans and Martinus, their general (for it happened that he was there), made their preparations for resistance.

Greek δύο δὲ ἡ πόλις τείχεσι περιβέβληται, ὧν τὸ μὲν ἐντὸς μέγα τε καὶ ἀξιοθέατον ἀτεχνῶς ἐστιν ʽἐς ὕψος γὰρ διήκει πύργος μὲν ἕκαστος ποδῶν ἑκατόν, τὸ δὲ ἄλλο τεῖχος ἑξήκοντἀ, τὸ δὲ ἐκτὸς πολλῷ μὲν ἔλασσον συμβαίνει εἶναι, ἄλλως δὲ ἐχυρόν τε καὶ λόγου πολλοῦ ἄξιόν ἐστι.

Dewing Now the city is surrounded by two walls, the inner one of which is of great size and a truly wonderful thing to look upon (for each tower reaches to a height of a hundred feet, and the rest of the wall to sixty), while the outer wall is much smaller, but in other respects strong and one to be reckoned with seriously.

Greek τὸ δὲ μεταξὺ χωρίον εὖρος οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ πεντήκοντα ἔχει ποδῶν· ἐνταῦθα εἰώθασι Δαρηνοὶ τούς τε βόας καὶ τἄλλα ζῷα πολεμίων σφίσιν ἐγκειμένων ἐμβάλλεσθαι.

Dewing And the space between has a breadth of not less than fifty feet; in that place the citizens of Daras are accustomed to put their cattle and other animals when an enemy assails them.

Greek τὰ μὲν οὖν πρῶτα ὁ Χοσρόης προσβολὴν ποιησάμενος ἐς τὰ πρὸς ἑσπέραν τοῦ περιβόλου πλήθει τε βελῶν βιασάμενος, τὰς πύλας τείχους τοῦ βραχέος ἐνέπρησεν.

Dewing At first then Chosroes made an assault on the fortifications toward the west, and forcing back his opponents by overwhelming numbers of missiles, he set fire to the gates of the small wall.

Greek ἐντὸς μέντοι γενέσθαι οὐδεὶς τῶν βαρβάρων ἐτόλμησεν. ἔπειτα δὲ κατώρυχα ποιεῖσθαι λάθρα ἐς τὰ πρὸς ἕω τῆς πόλεως ἔγνω. ταύτῃ γὰρ μόνον ὀρύσσεσθαι ἡ γῆ οἵα τέ ἐστιν, ἐπεὶ τὰ ἄλλα τοῦ περιβόλου ἐπὶ πέτρας τοῖς δειμαμένοις πεποίηται.

Dewing However no one of the barbarians dared to get inside. Next he decided to make a tunnel secretly at the eastern side of the city. For at this point alone can the earth be dug, since the other parts of the fortifications were set upon rock by the builders.

Greek οἱ γοῦν Πέρσαι ἀπὸ τῆς τάφρου ἀρξάμενοι ὤρυσσον. ἧς δὴ βαθείας κομιδῆ οὔσης, οὔτε καθεωρῶντο πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων οὔτε αὐτοῖς τινα αἴσθησιν τοῦ ποιουμένου παρείχοντο.

Dewing So the Persians began to dig, beginning from their trench. And since this was very deep, they were neither observed by the enemy nor did they afford them any means of discovering what was being done.

Greek ἤδη μὲν οὖν ὑπέδυσαν τὰ θεμέλια τοῦ ἐκτὸς τείχους, ἔμελλον δὲ καὶ κατὰ τὴν μεταξὺ χώραν ἑκατέρου περιβόλου γινόμενοι ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον καὶ τὸ μέγα τεῖχος ἀμείψαντες τὴν πόλιν κατὰ κράτος ἑλεῖν, ἀλλ’ ʽοὐ γὰρ αὐτὴν ἔδει Πέρσαις ἁλῶναἰ εἷς ἐκ τοῦ Χοσρόου στρατοπέδου ἀμφὶ ἡμέραν μέσην ἄγχιστά πη τοῦ περιβόλου μόνος ἀφίκετο, εἴτε ἄνθρωπος ὢν εἴτε τι ἄλλο ἀνθρώπου κρεῖσσον, δόξαν τε τοῖς ὁρῶσι παρείχετο ὅτι δὴ τὰ βέλη ξυλλέγοι ἅπερ ἐκ τοῦ τείχους Ῥωμαῖοι ὀλίγῳ πρότερον ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐνοχλοῦντας βαρβάρους ἀφῆκαν.

Dewing So they had already gone under the foundations of the outer wall, and were about to reach the space between the two walls and soon after to pass also the great wall and take the city by force; but since it was not fated to be captured by the Persians, someone from the camp of Chosroes came alone about midday close to the fortifications, whether a man or something else greater than man, and he made it appear to those who saw him that he was collecting the weapons which the Romans had a little before discharged from the wall against the barbarians who were assailing them.

Greek ταῦτά τε ποιῶν καὶ τὴν ἀσπίδα προβεβλημένος ἐρεσχελεῖν τε τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἐπάλξεσι καὶ ξὺν γέλωτι τωθάζειν ἐδόκει. εἶτα φράσας αὐτοῖς τὸν πάντα λόγον ἐγρηγορέναι πάντας ἐκέλευε καὶ ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα τῆς σωτηρίας ἐπιμελεῖσθαι.

Dewing And while doing this and holding his shield before him, he seemed to be bantering those who were on the parapet and taunting them with laughter. Then he told them of everything and commanded them all to be on the watch and to take all possible care for their safety.

Greek καὶ ὁ μὲν ταῦτα σημήνας ἀπιὼν ᾤχετο, Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ τὰ ἐν μέσῳ τείχους ἑκατέρου θορύβῳ πολλῷ καὶ ταραχῇ ἐκέλευον σκάπτειν.

Dewing After revealing these things he was off, while the Romans with much shouting and confusion were ordering men to dig the ground between the two walls.

Greek καὶ Πέρσαι μέντοι οὐκ εἰδότες τὰ πρασσόμενα οὐδέν τι ἧσσον ἔργου εἴχοντο.

Dewing The Persians, on the other hand, not knowing what was being done, were pushing on the work no less than before.

Greek τῶν μὲν οὖν βαρβάρων ὀρθήν τινα ἔνερθεν ποιουμένων ὁδὸν ἐπὶ τὸ τῆς πόλεως τεῖχος, τῶν δὲ Ῥωμαίων τε Θεοδώρου γνώμῃ, ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ τῇ καλουμένῃ μηχανικῇ λογίου ἀνδρός, ἐγκαρσίαν τε τὴν διώρυχα ἐργαζομένων καὶ βάθους ἱκανῶς ἔχουσαν, ξυνέβη Πέρσας κατὰ μέσον τοῖν περιβόλοιν γεγενημένους ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου ἐμπεσεῖν ἐς τὴν Ῥωμαίων κατώρυχα.

Dewing So while the Persians were making a straight way under­ground to the wall of the city, the Romans by the advice of Theodorus, a man learned in the science called mechanics, were constructing their trench in a cross-wise direction and making it of sufficient depth, so that when the Persians had reached the middle point between the two circuit-walls they suddenly broke into the trench of the Romans.

Greek καὶ αὐτῶν τοὺς μὲν πρώτους Ῥωμαῖοι ἔκτειναν, οἱ δὲ ὄπισθεν φυγόντες κατὰ τάχος ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον διεσώθησαν. διώκειν γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἐν σκότῳ Ῥωμαῖοι οὐδαμῆ ἔγνωσαν.

Dewing And the first of them the Romans killed, while those in the rear by fleeing at top speed into the camp saved themselves. For the Romans decided by no means to pursue them in the dark.

Greek ταύτης οὖν τῆς πείρας ὁ Χοσρόης ἀποτυχὼν ἑλεῖν τε τὴν πόλιν μηχανῇ τὸ λοιπὸν οὐδεμιᾷ ἐλπίσας, τοῖς πολιορκουμένοις ἐς λόγους ἦλθε, χίλιά τε κεκομισμένος ἀργύρου σταθμὰ ἐς τὰ Περσῶν ἤθη ἐχώρει.

Dewing So Chosroes, failing in this attempt and having no hope that he would take the city by any device thereafter, opened negotiations with the besieged, and carrying away a thousand pounds of silver he retired into the land of Persia.

Greek ταῦτα ἐπεὶ βασιλεὺς Ἰουστινιανὸς ἔμαθεν, οὐκέτι τὰ ξυγκείμενα ἐπιτελῆ ποιήσειν ἤθελεν, ἐπικαλῶν Χοσρόῃ ὅτι δὴ πόλιν Δάρας ἐν σπονδαῖς ἐξελεῖν ἐνεχείρησε. ταῦτα μὲν ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ Χοσρόου ἐσβολῇ Ῥωμαίοις ξυνέβη, καὶ τὸ θέρος μὲν ἐτελεύτα.

Dewing When this came to the knowledge of the Emperor Justinian, he was no longer willing to carry the agreement into effect, charging Chosroes with having attempted to capture the city of Daras during a truce. Such were the fortunes of the Romans during the first invasion of Chosroes; and the summer drew to its close. The Loeb Editor's Notes: 1 Cf. Book II.xxi.30‑32. ❦ 2 This term was applied to the "Blue Faction" in Byzantium and elsewhere. ❦ 3 Cf. Book I.xxii.4. ❦ 4 Nine MS. lines are missing at this point. ❦ 5 Cf. Book II.x.24. ◂ previous next ▸ Images with borders lead to more information. The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.) UP TO: Persian Wars Ancient Military History Military History Home Procopius Greek & Latin Texts LacusCurtius A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer. See my copyright page for details and contact information. Page updated: 14 Sep 20 Accessibility