第2巻 第12章

Greek Ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐς Χαλκίδα πόλιν ἀφίκετο, Βεροίας πόλεως τέτρασι καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα σταδίοις διέχουσαν, αὖθις ἐς λήθην τινὰ τῶν ξυγκειμένων ἦλθε, στρατοπεδευσάμενός τε τοῦ περιβόλου οὐ μακρὰν ἄποθεν, ἔπεμψε Παῦλον ἀπειλήσοντα Χαλκιδεῦσι πολιορκίᾳ τὴν πόλιν αἱρήσειν, εἰ μὴ τήν τε σωτηρίαν ὤνιον κτήσονται τὰ λύτρα διδόντες καὶ τοὺς στρατιώτας ὅσους ἐνταῦθα ξυμβαίνει εἶναι ξὺν τῷ ἡγεμόνι ἐκδοῖεν σφίσι.

Dewing And when he came to the city of Chalcis, eighty-four stades distant from the city of Beroea, he again seemed to forget the things which had been agreed upon, and encamping not far from the fortifications he sent Paulus to threaten the inhabitants of Chalcis, saying that he would take the city by siege, unless they should purchase their safety by giving ransom, and should give up to the Persians all the soldiers who were there together with their leader.

Greek Χαλκιδεῖς δὲ ἐς δέος μέγα πρὸς ἑκατέρου βασιλέως ἐμπεπτωκότες στρατιώτας μὲν ἀπώμοσαν ὡς ἥκιστα ἐπιδημεῖν σφίσι, καίπερ ἄλλους τε καὶ Ἀδόναχον τὸν τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἄρχοντα κρύψαντες ἐν οἰκίσκοις τισίν, ὅπως μὴ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἔνδηλοι ὦσι· χρυσοῦ δὲ κεντηνάρια δύο συλλέξαντες μόλις, ἐπεὶ πόλιν οὐ λίαν εὐδαίμονα ᾤκουν, τῷ τε Χοσρόῃ ζωάγρια δόντες τήν τε πόλιν καὶ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς διεσώσαντο.

Dewing And the citizens of Chalcis were seized with great fear of both sovereigns, and they swore that, as for soldiers, although they had hidden Adonachus, the commander of the soldiers, and others as well in some houses, in order that they might not be seen by the enemy; and with difficulty they collected two centenaria⁠ of gold, for the city they inhabited was not very prosperous, and they gave them to Chosroes as the price of their lives and thus saved both the city and themselves.

Greek Ἐνθένδε οὐκέτι ὁ Χοσρόης ἐβούλετο τὴν ἀποπορείαν ᾗπερ ἐληλύθει ποιήσασθαι, ἀλλ’ Εὐφράτην τε ποταμὸν διαβῆναι καὶ χρήματα ὅτι πλεῖστα ἐκ Μεσοποταμίας ληίζεσθαι.

Dewing From there on Chosroes did not wish to continue the return journey by the road he had come, but to cross the River Euphrates and gather by plunder as much money as possible from Mesopotamia.

Greek γέφυραν οὖν ζεύξας ἀμφὶ Ὀββάνης τὸ χωρίον, ὅπερ τοῦ ἐν Βαρβαλισσῷ φρουρίου τεσσαράκοντα σταδίους ἀπέχει, αὐτός τε διέβη καὶ παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ὡς τάχιστα διαβαίνειν ἐπέστελλεν, ὑπειπὼν μὲν τὴν γέφυραν τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ λύσεσθαι, τάξας δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς ἡμέρας καιρόν.

Dewing He therefore constructed a bridge at the place called Obbane, which is forty stades distant from the fortress in Barbalissum; then he himself went across and gave orders to the whole army to cross as quickly as possible, adding that he would break up the bridge on the third day, and he appointed also the time of the day.

Greek καὶ ἐπεὶ παρῆν ἡ κυρία, τινὰς μὲν τοῦ στρατοῦ ἀπολελεῖφθαι μή πω διαβάντας ξυνέβαινεν, ὁ δὲ οὐδ’ ὁτιοῦν ὑπολογισάμενος ἔπεμψε τοὺς τὴν γέφυραν διαλύσοντας.

Dewing When the appointed day was come, it happened that some of the army were left who had not yet crossed, but without the least consideration for them he sent the men to break up the bridge.

Greek οἵ τε ἀπολειπόμενοι, ὡς ἕκαστός πη ἐδύνατο, εἰς τὰ πάτρια ἤθη ἀνέβαινον. Τότε δὴ φιλοτιμία τις Χοσρόην ἐσῆλθε πόλιν Ἔδεσσαν ἐξελεῖν.

Dewing And those who were left behind returned to their native land as each one could. Then a sort of ambition came over Chosroes to capture the city of Edessa.

Greek ἐνῆγε γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐς τοῦτο Χριστιανῶν λόγος καὶ ἔδακνεν αὐτοῦ τὴν διάνοιαν, ὅτι δὴ ἀνάλωτον αὐτὴν ἰσχυρίζοντο εἶναι ἐξ αἰτίας τοιᾶσδε.

Dewing For he was led on to this by a saying of the Christians, and it kept irritating his mind, because they maintained that it could not be taken, for the following reason.

Greek Αὔγαρος ἦν τις ἐν τοῖς ἄνω χρόνοις Ἐδέσσης τοπάρχης ʽοὕτω γὰρ τοὺς κατὰ ἔθνος βασιλεῖς τηνικαῦτα ἐκάλουν̓. ὁ δὲ Αὔγαρος οὗτος ξυνετώτατος ἐγεγόνει τῶν κατ’ αὐτὸν ἀνθρώπων ἁπάντων, καὶ ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ βασιλεῖ Αὐγούστῳ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα φίλος.

Dewing There was a certain Augarus in early times, toparch of Edessa (for thus the kings of the different nations were called then). Now this Augarus was the most clever of all men of his time, and as a result of this was an especial friend of the Emperor Augustus.

Greek ἔνσπονδος γὰρ Ῥωμαίοις εἶναι βουλόμενος ἐς Ῥώμην τε ἀφίκετο, καὶ τῷ Αὐγούστῳ ἐς λόγους ἥκων οὕτω δὴ αὐτὸν τῆς ξυνέσεως τῷ περιόντι ἐξέπληξεν ὥστε οὐκέτι αὐτοῦ μεθίεσθαι Αὔγουστος τῆς ξυνουσίας ἐβούλετο, ἀλλ’ ἦν τε αὐτοῦ τῆς ὁμιλίας εὐθὺς διάπυρος ἐραστής, καὶ ἐπειδὰν ἐντύχοι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι αὐτοῦ οὐδαμῆ ἤθελε.

Dewing For, desiring to make a treaty with the Romans, he came to Rome; and when he conversed with Augustus, he so astonished him by the abundance of his wisdom that Augustus wished never more to give up his company; for he was an ardent lover of his conversation, and whenever he met him, he was quite unwilling to depart from him.

Greek χρόνος οὖν αὐτῷ ἐν ταύτῃ δὴ συχνὸς τῇ ἀποδημίᾳ ἐτρίβη. καί ποτε ἐς ἤθη πάτρια ἐθέλων ἰέναι πείθειν τε τὸν Αὔγουστον μεθεῖναι αὐτὸν ὡς ἥκιστα ἔχων,

Dewing A long time, therefore, was consumed by him in this visit. And one day when he was desirous of returning to his native land and was utterly unable to persuade Augustus to let him go, he devised the following plan.

Greek ἐπενόει τάδε. ἐστάλη μὲν ὡς κυνηγετήσων ἐς τὰ ἐπὶ Ῥώμης χωρία· μελέτην γὰρ περὶ ταῦτα κατεσπουδασμένην τινὰ ἐτύγχανεν ἔχων. περιιὼν δὲ χώραν πολλὴν συχνὰ τῶν ἐκείνῃ θηρίων ζῶντα ἐθήρα, καὶ χοῦν ἐκ τῆς γῆς ξυναμησάμενος ἔφερεν ἐκ χώρας ἑκάστης· οὕτω τε ἐπανῆκεν εἰς Ῥώμην, τόν τε χοῦν καὶ τὰ θηρία ἔχων.

Dewing He first went out to hunt in the country about Rome; for it happened that he had taken considerable interest in the practice of this sport. And going about over a large tract of country, he captured alive many of the animals of that region, and he gathered up and took with him from each part of the country some earth from the land; thus he returned to Rome bringing both the earth and the animals.

Greek ὁ μὲν οὖν Αὔγουστος ἐς τὸν ἱππόδρομον ἀναβὰς ἐκάθητο ᾗπερ εἰώθει, Αὔγαρος δέ οἱ ἐς ὄψιν ἥκων τήν τε γῆν καὶ τὰ θηρία ἐπέδειξε, καταλέγων ἐκ ποίας ποτὲ χώρας ἥ τε γῆ ἑκάστη καὶ τῶν θηρίων τίνα ποτὲ εἴη.

Dewing Then Augustus went up into the hippodrome and seated himself as was his wont, and Augarus came before him and displayed the earth and the animals, telling over from what district each portion of earth was and what animals they were.

Greek ἔπειτα τὴν μὲν γῆν ἄλλην ἄλλῃ τοῦ ἱπποδρομίου ἐκέλευε θέσθαι, πάντα δὲ ἐς ταὐτὸ τὰ θηρία ξυναγαγόντας εἶτα ἀφεῖναι.

Dewing Then he gave orders to put the earth in different parts of the hippodrome, and to gather all the animals into one place and then to release them. So the attendants did as he directed.

Greek οἱ μὲν οὖν ὑπηρέται κατὰ ταῦτα ἐποίουν. τὰ δὲ θηρία χωρὶς ἀλλήλων γενόμενα ἐς ἐκείνην ἐχώρει τὴν γῆν ἣ δὴ ἐκ τῆς χώρας ὅθεν εἴληπτο ἐτύγχανεν οὖσα.

Dewing And the animals, separating from each other, went each to that portion of earth which was from the district in which it itself had been taken.

Greek καὶ ὁ μὲν Αὔγουστος ἐπὶ πλεῖστον τὰ ποιούμενα ἐς τὸ ἀκριβὲς ἔβλεπε, καὶ ἐθαύμαζέ γε ὅτι δὴ τοῖς ζῴοις ἡ φύσις ἀδίδακτος οὖσα ποθεινὴν ποιεῖται τὴν πάτριον γῆν. Αὔγαρος δὲ αὐτοῦ τῶν γονάτων ἐκ τοῦ αἰφνιδίου λαβόμενος,

Dewing And Augustus looked upon the performance carefully for a very long time, and he was wondering that nature untaught makes animals miss their native land. Then Augarus, suddenly laying hold upon his knees, said,

Greek “Ἐμὲ δέ,” εἶπε, “τίνα ποτὲ γνώμην ἔχειν, ὦ δέσποτα, οἴει, ᾧ γυνή τέ ἐστι καὶ παιδία καὶ βασιλεία βραχεῖα μέν, ἀλλ’ ἐν γῇ τῇ πατρῴᾳ;”

Dewing "But as for me, O Master, what thoughts dost thou think I have, who possess a wife and children and a kingdom, small indeed, but in the land of my fathers?"

Greek καὶ ὃς τῷ ἀληθεῖ τοῦ λόγου ἡσσηθείς τε καὶ βιασθεὶς ἀπιέναι τε ξυνεχώρει οὔτι ἑκούσιος καὶ προσαιτεῖσθαι ἐκέλευεν ὅτου ἂν δέηται.

Dewing And the emperor, overcome and compelled by the truth of his saying, granted not at all willingly that he should go away, and bade him ask besides whatever he wished.

Greek ἐπεὶ δὲ τούτου Αὔγαρος ἔτυχεν, Αὐγούστου ἐδεῖτο ἱπποδρόμιόν οἱ δείμασθαι ἐν πόλει Ἐδέσσῃ. ὁ δὲ ξυνεχώρει καὶ τοῦτο. οὕτω μὲν ἐκ Ῥώμης ἀπαλλαγεὶς Αὔγαρος ἐς Ἔδεσσαν ἦλθε.

Dewing And when Augarus had secured this, he begged of Augustus to build him a hippodrome in the city of Edessa. And he granted also this. Thus then Augarus departed from Rome and came to Edessa.

Greek καὶ αὐτοῦ οἱ πολῖται ἀνεπυνθάνοντο εἴ τι φέρων ἀγαθὸν σφίσιν ἐκ βασιλέως Αὐγούστου ἥκοι. ὁ δὲ ἀποκρινάμενος Ἐδεσσηνοῖς ἐνεγκεῖν ἔφη λύπην τε ἀζήμιον καὶ χαρὰν ἀκερδῆ, τὴν τοῦ ἱπποδρομίου παραδηλῶν τύχην.

Dewing And the citizens enquired of him whether he had come bringing any good thing for them from the Emperor Augustus. And he answering said he had brought to the inhabitants of Edessa pain without loss and pleasure without gain, hinting at the fortune of the hippodrome.

Greek Χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον πόρρω που ἡλικίας Αὔγαρος ἥκων νόσῳ ποδάγρας χαλεπῆς τινος ὑπερφυῶς ἥλω. ταῖς γοῦν ὀδύναις ἀχθόμενος καὶ τῇ ἐνθένδε ἀκινησίᾳ ἐπὶ τοὺς ἰατροὺς τὸ πρᾶγμα ἦγεν, ἐκ πάσης τε γῆς ξυνέλεγε τοὺς περὶ ταῦτα σοφοὺς ἅπαντας.

Dewing At a later time when Augarus was well advanced in years, he was seized with an exceedingly violent attack of gout. And being distressed by the pains and his inability to move in consequence of them, he carried the matter to the physicians, and from the whole land he gathered all who were skilled in these matters.

Greek ὧν δὴ ὕστερον ʽοὐ γάρ οἱ ἄκεσίν τινα τοῦ κακοῦ ἐξευρεῖν ἴσχυον’ ἀπέστη τε καὶ ἐς ἀμηχανίαν ἐμπεσὼν τύχας τὰς παρούσας ὠδύρετο.

Dewing But later he abandoned these men (for they did not succeed in discovering any cure for the trouble), and finding himself helpless, he bewailed the fate which was upon him.

Greek ὑπὸ δὲ τὸν χρόνον ἐκεῖνον Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ παῖς ἐν σώματι ὢν τοῖς ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ ἀνθρώποις ὡμίλει, τῷ τε μηδὲν τὸ παράπαν ἁμαρτεῖν πώποτε, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἀμήχανα ἐξεργάζεσθαι διαφανῶς ἐνδεικνύμενος ὅτι δὴ τοῦ θεοῦ παῖς ὡς ἀληθῶς εἴη·

Dewing But about that time Jesus, the Son of God, was in the body and moving among the men of Palestine, showing manifestly by the fact that he never sinned at all, and also by his performing even things impossible, that he was the Son of God in very truth;

Greek νεκρούς τε γὰρ καλῶν ἐξανίστη ὥσπερ ἐξ ὕπνου καὶ πηροῖς τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς οὕτω τεχθεῖσιν ἀνέῳγε, σώματός τε ὅλου λεύκας ἐκάθηρε καὶ ποδῶν πήρωσιν ἔλυσε, καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα ἰατροῖς πάθη ἀνίατα ὠνομασμένα ἐστί.

Dewing for he called the dead and raised them up as if from sleep, and opened the eyes of men who had been born blind, and cleansed those whose whole bodies were covered with leprosy, and released those whose feet were maimed, and he cured all the other diseases which are called by the physicians incurable.

Greek ταῦτα ἀπαγγελλόντων Αὔγαρος τῶν ἐκ Παλαιστίνης ἐς τὴν Ἔδεσσαν ἐπιχωριαζόντων ἀκούσας, ἐθάρσησέ τε καὶ γράμματα πρὸς τὸν Ἰησοῦν γράψας ἐδεῖτο αὐτοῦ ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι μὲν τῆς Ἰουδαίας καὶ τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἀγνωμόνων ἀνθρώπων, αὐτῷ δὲ τὸ λοιπὸν ξυμβιοτεύειν.

Dewing When these things were reported to Augarus by those who travelled from Palestine to each, he took courage and wrote a letter to Jesus, begging him to depart from Judaea and the senseless people there, and to spend his life with him from that time forward.

Greek ἐπεὶ ταῦτα ὁ Χριστὸς ἀπενεχθέντα εἶδεν, ἀντέγραψε πρὸς τὸν Αὔγαρον, ὡς μὲν οὐκ ἀφίξεται ἄντικρυς ἀπολέγων, τὴν δὲ ὑγίειαν τῷ γράμματι ὑποσχόμενος.

Dewing When the Christ saw this message, he wrote in reply to Augarus, saying distinctly that he would not come, but promising health in the letter.

Greek φασὶ δὲ καὶ τοῦτο αὐτὸν ἐπειπεῖν, ὡς οὐδὲ ἡ πόλις ποτὲ βαρβάροις ἁλώσιμος ἔσται. τοῦτο τῆς ἐπιστολῆς τὸ ἀκροτελεύτιον οἱ μὲν ἐκείνου τοῦ χρόνου τὴν ἱστορίαν ξυγγράψαντες οὐδαμῆ ἔγνωσαν· οὐ γὰρ οὖν οὐδέ πη αὐτοῦ ἐπεμνήσθησαν· Ἐδεσσηνοὶ δὲ αὐτὸ ξὺν τῇ ἐπιστολῇ εὑρέσθαι φασίν, ὥστε ἀμέλει καὶ ἀνάγραπτον οὕτω τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἀντ’ ἄλλου του φυλακτηρίου ἐν ταῖς τῆς πόλεως πεποίηνται πύλαις.

Dewing And they say that he added this also that never would the city be liable to capture by the barbarians. This final portion of the letter was entirely unknown to those who wrote the history of that time; for they did not even make mention of it anywhere; but the men of Edessa say that they found it with the letter, so that they have even caused the letter to be inscribed in this form on the gates of the city instead of any other defence.

Greek γέγονε μὲν οὖν ὑπὸ Μήδοις χρόνῳ τινὶ ὕστερον, οὐχ ἁλοῦσα μέντοι, ἀλλὰ τρόπῳ τοιῷδε.

Dewing The city did in fact come under the Medes a short time afterwards, not by capture however, but in the following manner.

Greek ἐπειδὴ τὸ γράμμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ Αὔγαρος ἔλαβε, κακῶν μὲν ὀλίγῳ ὕστερον ἀπαθὴς γέγονε, συχνὸν δὲ τῇ ὑγιείᾳ ἐπιβιοὺς χρόνον ἐτελεύτησεν· ὅστις δὲ διεδέξατο τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν αὐτοῦ παίδων, ἀνοσιώτατος γεγονὼς ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων, ἄλλα τε πολλὰ ἐς τοὺς ἀρχομένους ἐξήμαρτε καὶ τὴν ἐκ Ῥωμαίων δεδιὼς τίσιν προσεχώρησεν ἑκούσιος Πέρσαις.

Dewing A short time after Augarus received the letter of the Christ, he became free from suffering, and after living on in health for a long time, he came to his end. But that one of his sons who succeeded to the kingdom showed himself the most unholy of all men, and besides committing many other wrongs against his subjects, he voluntarily went over to the Persians, fearing the vengeance which was to come from the Romans.

Greek χρόνῳ τε πολλῷ Ἐδεσσηνοὶ ὕστερον ἀνελόντες τῶν βαρβάρων τοὺς σφίσιν ἐνδημοῦντας φρουροὺς ἐνέδοσαν Ῥωμαίοις τὴν πόλιν. αὐτῷ προσποιεῖσθαι ἐπιμελές ἐστι, τεκμαιρόμενος οἷς ἐν τοῖς κατ’ ἐμὲ χρόνοις γέγονεν, ἅπερ ἐν τοῖς καθήκουσι λόγοις δηλώσω.

Dewing But long after this the citizens of Edessa destroyed the barbarian guards who were dwelling with them, and gave the city into the hands of the Romans. ***⁠ he is eager to attach it to his cause, judging by what has happened in my time, which I shall present in the appropriate place.

Greek καί μοί ποτε ἔννοια γέγονεν ὡς εἰ μὴ ταῦτα ἅπερ ἐρρήθη ὁ Χριστὸς ἔγραψεν, ἀλλ’ ὅτι ἐς τοῦτο δόξης ἄνθρωποι ἦλθον, φυλάξαι διὰ τοῦτο ἀνάλωτον ἐθέλει τὴν πόλιν, ὡς μήποτε αὐτοῖς πλάνης τινὰ σκῆψιν διδοίη. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ὅπη τῷ θεῷ φίλον, ταύτῃ ἐχέτω τε καὶ λεγέσθω.

Dewing And the thought once occurred to me that, if the Christ did not write this thing just as I have told it, still, since men have come to believe in it, He wishes to guard the city uncaptured for this reason, that He may never give them any pretext for error. As for these things, then, let them be as God wills, and so let them be told.

Greek Χοσρόῃ δὲ τότε προὔργου διὰ ταῦτα ἔδοξεν εἶναι Ἔδεσσαν ἐξελεῖν. καὶ ἐπεὶ ἐς Βάτνην ἀφίκετο, πόλισμα μὲν βραχὺ καὶ λόγου οὐδενὸς ἄξιον, ἡμέρας δὲ ὁδῷ Ἐδέσσης διέχον, ἐνταῦθα μὲν τὴν νύκτα ἐκείνην ηὐλίσατο, ὄρθρου δὲ βαθέος παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ ἐπὶ τὴν Ἔδεσσαν ἤλαυνε.

Dewing For this reason it seemed to Chosroes at that time a matter of moment to capture Edessa. And when he came to Batne, a small stronghold of no importance, one day's journey distant from Edessa, he bivouacked there for that night, but at early dawn he was on the march to Edessa with his whole army.

Greek καὶ αὐτοῖς ξυνέβη πλάνῃ περιπεσοῦσι τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ ἐς τὸν αὐτὸν αὐλίζεσθαι χῶρον·

Dewing But it fell out that they lost their way and wandered about, and on the following night bivouacked in the same place; and they say that this happened to them a second time also.

Greek ὅπερ αὐτοῖς λέγουσι καὶ δὶς ξυμβῆναι. μόλις δὲ ἄγχιστα Ἐδέσσης γενομένῳ Χοσρόῃ ῥεύματός φασιν ἐς τὸ πρόσωπον ἐπιπεσόντος ἐπῆρθαι τὴν γνάθον. διὸ δὴ τῆς μὲν πόλεως ἀποπειρᾶσθαι οὐδαμῆ ἤθελε, Παῦλον δὲ πέμψας χρήματα Ἐδεσσηνοὺς ᾔτει.

Dewing When with difficulty Chosroes reached the neighbourhood of Edessa, they say that suppuration set in in his face and his jaw became swollen. For this reason he was quite unwilling to make an attempt on the city, but he sent Paulus and demanded money from the citizens.

Greek οἱ δὲ ἀμφὶ τῇ πόλει μὲν δεδιέναι ἥκιστα ἔφασκον, ὅπως δὲ μὴ τοῖς χωρίοις λυμήνηται, ὡμολόγησαν δύο χρυσοῦ κεντηνάρια δώσειν. καὶ ὃς τά τε χρήματα ἔλαβε καὶ διεσώσατο τὰ ξυγκείμενα.

Dewing And they said that they had absolutely no fear concerning the city, but in order that he might not damage the country they agreed to give two centenaria of gold. And Chosroes took the money and kept the agreement.