第1巻 第20章

Greek Ὑπὸ τοὺς χρόνους τοῦ πολέμου τοῦδε Ἑλλησθεαῖος ὁ τῶν Αἰθιόπων βασιλεύς, Χριστιανός τε ὢν καὶ δόξης τῆσδε ὡς μάλιστα ἐπιμελούμενος, ἐπειδὴ Ὁμηριτῶν τῶν ἐν τῇ ἀντιπέρας ἠπείρῳ ἔγνω πολλοὺς μὲν Ἰουδαίους ὄντας, πολλοὺς δὲ δόξαν τὴν παλαιὰν σέβοντας ἣν δὴ καλοῦσιν Ἑλληνικὴν οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι, ἐπιβουλῇ μέτρον οὐκ ἐχούσῃ ἐς τοὺς ἐκείνῃ Χριστιανοὺς χρῆσθαι, στόλον τε νηῶν καὶ στράτευμα ἀγείρας ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἦλθε, καὶ μάχῃ νικήσας τόν τε βασιλέα καὶ τῶν Ὁμηριτῶν πολλοὺς ἔκτεινεν, ἄλλον τε αὐτόθι Χριστιανὸν βασιλέα καταστησάμενος, Ὁμηρίτην μὲν γένος, ὄνομα δὲ Ἐσιμιφαῖον, φόρον τε αὐτῷ τάξας Αἰθίοψι φέρειν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος, ἐπ᾽ οἴκου ἀνεχώρησε.

Dewing At about the time of this war Hellestheaeus, the king of the Aethiopians, who was a Christian and a most devoted adherent of this faith, discovered that a number of the Homeritae on the opposite mainland were oppressing the Christians there outrageously; many of these rascals were Jews, and many of them held in reverence the old faith which men of the present day call Hellenic. He therefore collected a fleet of ships and an army and came against them, and he conquered them in battle and slew both the king and many of the Homeritae. He then set up in his stead a Christian king, a Homerite by birth, by name Esimiphaeus, and, after ordaining that he should pay a tribute to the Aethiopians every year, he returned to his home.

Greek τούτου τοῦ Αἰθιόπων στρατοῦ δοῦλοί τε πολλοὶ καὶ ὅσοι ἐπιτηδείως ἐς τὸ κακουργεῖν εἶχον τῷ μὲν βασιλεῖ ἕπεσθαι οὐδαμῆ ἤθελον, αὐτοῦ δὲ ἀπολειπόμενοι ἔμενον ἐπιθυμίᾳ τῆς Ὁμηριτῶν χώρας: ἀγαθὴ γὰρ ὑπερφυῶς ἐστιν.

Dewing In this Aethiopian army many slaves and all who were readily disposed to crime were quite unwilling to follow the king back, but were left behind and remained there because of their desire for the land of the Homeritae; for it is an extremely goodly land.

Greek Οὗτος ὁ λεὼς χρόνῳ οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον ξὺν ἑτέροις τισὶν Ἐσιμιφαίῳ τῷ βασιλεῖ ἐπαναστάντες, αὐτὸν μὲν ἔν τινι τῶν ἐκείνῃ φρουρίων καθεῖρξαν, ἕτερον δὲ Ὁμηρίταις βασιλέα κατεστήσαντο,

Dewing These fellows at a time not long after this, in company with certain others, rose against the king Esimiphaeus and put him in confinement in one of the fortresses there, and established another king over the Homeritae, Abramus by name.

Greek Ἄβραμον ὄνομα. ὁ δὲ Ἄβραμος οὗτος Χριστιανὸς μὲν ἦν, δοῦλος δὲ Ῥωμαίου ἀνδρὸς ἐν πόλει Αἰθιόπων Ἀδούλιδι ἐπὶ τῇ κατὰ θάλασσαν ἐργασίᾳ διατριβὴν ἔχοντος.

Dewing Now this Abramus was a Christian, but a slave of a Roman citizen who was engaged in the business of shipping in the city of Adulis in Aethiopia.

Greek ἃ δὴ Ἑλλησθεαῖος μαθὼν τίσασθαί τε Ἄβραμον ὁμοῦ τοῖς ξὺν αὐτῷ ἐπαναστᾶσι τῆς ἐς τὸν Ἐσιμιφαῖον ἀδικίας ἐν σπουδῇ ἔχων, στράτευμά τε τρισχιλίων ἀνδρῶν καὶ ἄρχοντα τῶν τινα ξυγγενῶν τῶν αὑτοῦ ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἔπεμψεν.

Dewing When Hellestheaeus learned this, he was eager to punish Abramus together with those who had revolted with him for their injustice to Esimiphaeus, and he sent against them an army of three thousand men with one of his relatives as commander.

Greek οὗτος ὁ στρατὸς οὐκέτι ἐθέλοντες ἐπ᾽ οἴκου ἐπανιέναι ἀλλ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐν χώρᾳ ἀγαθῇ μένειν, κρύφα τοῦ ἄρχοντος τῷ Ἀβράμῳ ἐς λόγους ἦλθον, ἔς τε ξυμβολὴν καταστάντες τοῖς ἐναντίοις, ἐπειδὴ ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ ἐγένοντο, κτείναντες τὸν ἄρχοντα τῷ τε τῶν πολεμίων στρατῷ ἀνεμίγνυντο καὶ αὐτοῦ ἔμενον.

Dewing This army, once there, was no longer willing to return home, but they wished to remain where they were in a goodly land, and so without the knowledge of their commander they opened negotiations with Abramus; then when they came to an engagement with their opponents, just as the fighting began, they killed their commander and joined the ranks of the enemy, and so remained there.

Greek θυμῷ δὲ πολλῷ Ἑλλησθεαῖος ἐχόμενος καὶ ἄλλο στράτευμα ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἔπεμψεν, οἳ δὴ τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὸν Ἄβραμον ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθόντες παρὰ πολύ τε ἡσσηθέντες τῇ μάχῃ ἐπ᾽ οἴκου εὐθὺς ἀνεχώρησαν. δείσας τε τὸ λοιπὸν ὁ τῶν Αἰθιόπων βασιλεὺς ἐπὶ τὸν Ἄβραμον οὐκέτι ἐστράτευσεν.

Dewing But Hellestheaeus was greatly moved with anger and sent still another army against them; this force engaged with Abramus and his men, and, after suffering a severe defeat in the battle, straightway returned home. Thereafter the king of the Aethiopians became afraid, and sent no further expeditions against Abramus.

Greek Ἑλλησθεαίου δὲ τελευτήσαντος φόρους Ἄβραμος ὡμολόγησε φέρειν τῷ μετ᾽ αὐτὸν τὴν Αἰθιόπων βασιλείαν παραλαβόντι, οὕτω τε τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐκρατύνατο. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν χρόνῳ τῷ ὑστέρῳ ἐγένετο.

Dewing After the death of Hellestheaeus, Abramus agreed to pay tribute to the king of the Aethiopians who succeeded him, and in this way he strengthened his rule. But this happened at a later time.

Greek Τότε δὲ Ἰουστινιανὸς ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐν μὲν Αἰθίοψι βασιλεύοντος Ἑλλησθεαίου, Ἐσιμιφαίου δὲ ἐν Ὁμηρίταις, πρεσβευτὴν Ἰουλιανὸν ἔπεμψεν, ἀξιῶν ἄμφω Ῥωμαίοις διὰ τὸ τῆς δόξης ὁμόγνωμον Πέρσαις πολεμοῦσι ξυνάρασθαι, ὅπως Αἰθίοπες μὲν ὠνούμενοί τε τὴν μέταξαν ἐξ Ἰνδῶν ἀποδιδόμενοί τε αὐτὴν ἐς Ῥωμαίους, αὐτοὶ μὲν κύριοι γένωνται χρημάτων μεγάλων, Ῥωμαίους δὲ τοῦτο ποιήσωσι κερδαίνειν μόνον, ὅτι δὴ οὐκέτι ἀναγκασθήσονται τὰ σφέτερα αὐτῶν χρήματα ἐς τοὺς πολεμίους μετενεγκεῖν (αὕτη δέ ἐστιν ἡ μέταξα ἐξ ἧς εἰώθασι τὴν ἐσθῆτα ἐργάζεσθαι ἣν πάλαι μὲν Ἕλληνες Μηδικὴν ἐκάλουν, τανῦν δὲ σηρικὴν ὀνομάζουσιν), Ὁμηρῖται δὲ ὅπως Καϊσὸν τὸν φυγάδα φύλαρχον Μαδδηνοῖς καταστήσωνται καὶ στρατῷ μεγάλῳ αὐτῶν τε Ὁμηριτῶν καὶ Σαρακηνῶν τῶν Μαδδηνῶν ἐσβάλωσιν ἐς τὴν Περσῶν γῆν.

Dewing At that time, when Hellestheaeus was reigning over the Aethiopians, and Esimiphaeus over the Homeritae, the Emperor Justinian sent an ambassador, Julianus, demanding that both nations on account of their community of religion should make common cause with the Romans in the war against the Persians; for he purposed that the Aethiopians, by purchasing silk from India and selling it among the Romans, might themselves gain much money, while causing the Romans to profit in only one way, namely, that they be no longer compelled to pay over their money to their enemy. (This is the silk of which they are accustomed to make the garments which of old the Greeks called Medic, but which at the present time they name "seric").⁠ As for the Homeritae, it was desired that they should establish Caïsus, the fugitive, as captain over the Maddeni, and with a great army of their own people and of the Maddene Saracens make an invasion into the land of the Persians.

Greek (ὁ δὲ Καϊσὸς οὗτος γένους μὲν ἦν τοῦ φυλαρχικοῦ καὶ διαφερόντως ἀγαθὸς τὰ πολέμια, τῶν δέ τινα Ἐσιμιφαίου ξυγγενῶν κτείνας ἐς γῆν ἔφευγεν ἣ δὴ ἔρημος ἀνθρώπων

Dewing This Caïsus was by birth of the captain's rank and an exceptionally able warrior, but he had killed one of the relatives of Esimiphaeus and was a fugitive in a land which is utterly destitute of human habitation.

Greek παντάπασίν ἐστιν.) ἑκάτερος μὲν οὖν τὴν αἴτησιν ὑποσχόμενος ἐπιτελῆ ποιήσειν τὸν πρεσβευτὴν ἀπεπέμψατο, ἔδρασε δὲ αὐτοῖν τὰ ὡμολογημένα οὐδέτερος.

Dewing So each king, promising to put this demand into effect, dismissed the ambassador, but neither one of them did the things agreed upon by them.

Greek τοῖς τε γὰρ Αἰθίοψι τὴν μέταξαν ὠνεῖσθαι πρὸς τῶν Ἰνδῶν ἀδύνατα ἦν, ἐπεὶ ἀεὶ οἱ Περσῶν ἔμποροι πρὸς αὐτοῖς τοῖς ὅρμοις γινόμενοι οὗ δὴ τὰ πρῶτα αἱ τῶν Ἰνδῶν νῆες καταίρουσιν, ἅτε χώραν προσοικοῦντες τὴν ὅμορον, ἅπαντα ὠνεῖσθαι τὰ φορτία εἰώθασι, καὶ τοῖς Ὁμηρίταις χαλεπὸν ἔδοξεν εἶναι χώραν ἀμειψαμένοις ἔρημόν τε καὶ χρόνου πολλοῦ ὁδὸν κατατείνουσαν ἐπ᾽ ἀνθρώπους πολλῷ μαχιμωτέρους ἰέναι.

Dewing For it was impossible for the Aethiopians to buy silk from the Indians, for the Persian merchants always locate themselves at the very harbours where the Indian ships first put in, (since they inhabit the adjoining country), and are accustomed to buy the whole cargoes; and its seemed to the Homeritae a difficult thing to cross a country which was a desert and which extended so far that a long time was required for the journey across it, and then to go against a people much more warlike than themselves.

Greek ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄβραμος ὕστερον, ὅτε δὴ τὴν ἀρχὴν ὡς ἀσφαλέστατα ἐκρατύνατο, πολλάκις μὲν Ἰουστινιανῷ βασιλεῖ ὡμολόγησεν ἐς γῆν τὴν Περσίδα ἐσβάλλειν, ἅπαξ δὲ μόνον τῆς πορείας ἀρξάμενος ὀπίσω εὐθὺς ἀπεχώρησε. τὰ μὲν οὖν Αἰθιόπων τε καὶ Ὁμηριτῶν ταύτῃ Ῥωμαίοις ἐχώρησεν.

Dewing Later on Abramus too, when at length he had established his power most securely, promised the Emperor Justinian many times to invade the land of Persia, but only once began the journey and then straightway turned back. Such then were the relations which the Romans had with the Aethiopians and the Homeritae. The Loeb Editor's Notes: 1 The coast described here is that of Arabia. ❦ 2 Rather the "Arabian Gulf." ❦ 3 Cf. ch. xv.31. ❦ 4 In Latin serica, as coming from the Chinese (Seres). ◂ previous next ▸ Images with borders lead to more information. The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.) UP TO: Persian Wars Ancient Military History Military History Home Procopius Greek & Latin Texts LacusCurtius A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer. See my copyright page for details and contact information. Page updated: 14 Sep 20 Accessibility